基于汇率错位视角的人民币汇率制度转换概率研究

本文基于汇率错位的视角,运用二元模型对东南亚6国汇率错位幅度与汇率制度转换概率的关系进行实证分析。在此基础上,对人民币汇率制度的转换概率进行研究。得出结论:人民币汇率水平的高低与汇率制度的稳定性有很强的关系,即人民币汇率错位幅度与汇率制度转换概率呈现明显的正相关关系。汇率错位是汇率制度转换的原因,汇率错位幅度越大,汇率制度转换的概率越大。因此,若要维持人民币汇率制度的稳定,保持人民币汇率水平的基本稳定至关重要。就当前来说,人民币汇率制度发生转换的概率不大。     

影响我国当前人民币汇率的主要因素

影响我国当前人民币汇率的主要因素（１）人民币与外币在进出口商品上的通胀率与外币在这些商品上通胀率对比关系。（２）去年汇率并轨时人民币大幅度贬对出口的刺激和对进口的抑制作用已基本消失，出口换汇成本上升也会推动汇率上升。（３）由于通胀和国内供求的变化，石...     

非线性泰勒规则及其在中国货币政策中的应用北大核心CSSCISSCI

本文以通胀率作为政策开关变量,对结构转换形式的泰勒规则在我国货币政策中的应用进行实证分析。结果表明,在经济周期中非线性泰勒规则优于线性泰勒规则,而纳入货币、资产价格、汇率等因素的扩展型非线性模型又优于非线性泰勒基准模型,其中货币和汇率因素的引入对央行货币政策实施有所影响。     

开放经济条件下时变参数泰勒规则在我国货币政策中的适用性研究

文章在考虑IS曲线、菲利普斯曲线以及泰勒规则等理论模型系统的内生性结构基础上,利用时变参数随机波动向量自回归(TVP-SV-VAR)模型捕捉我国货币政策对产出、通胀与汇率反应的时变特征,检验实际汇率与实际有效汇率进入泰勒规则对货币政策有效性的影响差异性。研究结果表明,相比未引入汇率因素或引入人民币实际汇率的泰勒规则,将人民币实际有效汇率引入泰勒规则使得货币政策钉住通胀目标参数与钉住产出缺口参数均得到更为显著的改善,更符合我国货币政策规则的实际。我国货币政策规则正由"相机选择型"向"规则型"利率调控模式转变,货币政策调控空间也逐渐向产出缺口与通胀率目标及人民币汇率稳定目标转变,具体而言,货币政策对通胀与产出的调整仅表现为先递增后递减的短期正向效应,且2006年第3季度以来,我国货币政策具有明显的通胀治理偏好;货币政策对人民币汇率波动在2001年之前表现为逐渐增强的短期负向效应,而后影响效应逐渐减弱。     

开放经济条件下时变参数泰勒规则在我国货币政策中的适用性研究北大核心CSSCISSCI

文章在考虑IS曲线、菲利普斯曲线以及泰勒规则等理论模型系统的内生性结构基础上,利用时变参数随机波动向量自回归(TVP-SV-VAR)模型捕捉我国货币政策对产出、通胀与汇率反应的时变特征,检验实际汇率与实际有效汇率进入泰勒规则对货币政策有效性的影响差异性。研究结果表明,相比未引入汇率因素或引入人民币实际汇率的泰勒规则,将人民币实际有效汇率引入泰勒规则使得货币政策钉住通胀目标参数与钉住产出缺口参数均得到更为显著的改善,更符合我国货币政策规则的实际。我国货币政策规则正由"相机选择型"向"规则型"利率调控模式转变,货币政策调控空间也逐渐向产出缺口与通胀率目标及人民币汇率稳定目标转变,具体而言,货币政策对通胀与产出的调整仅表现为先递增后递减的短期正向效应,且2006年第3季度以来,我国货币政策具有明显的通胀治理偏好;货币政策对人民币汇率波动在2001年之前表现为逐渐增强的短期负向效应,而后影响效应逐渐减弱。     

汇率对出口价格传递率的经验研究:以1971～2003年的日本为例

本文研究的是日本进入浮动汇率以来日元汇率对出口价格的传递率及其特征。通过建立汇率的出口价格传递率模型进行经验分析得到以下结论:日本进入浮动汇率的33年来,日元汇率的短期和长期出口价格传递率分别为-0.4956和-0.6583,日元汇率升值幅度越大,其出口价格传递率越高;日元汇率对出口价格的短期传递率呈现下降趋势;20世纪80年代中期以后,日本国内批发物价对出口价格没有明显的影响。     

人民币汇率波动对出口贸易的不对称影响——基于门限回归模型经验分析

本文基于我国1995年1季度至2008年3季度数据,通过建立和估计门限回归模型考察人民币实际汇率波动对我国出口贸易的影响。实证分析的结果表明:在不同的波动幅度下,汇率水平变化对我国出口贸易的影响呈不对称特征。当汇率波动幅度小于1.26%时,实际汇率贬值,我国的出口贸易量将增加;然而汇率波动幅度大于1.26%时,汇率与出口贸易之间关系并不显著,实际汇率贬值并不能改善我国的出口状况。     

人民币汇率变动通过物价对我国经济稳定性的影响

随着人民币汇率浮动幅度的扩大,汇率变动对国内物价水平的影响程度日益引起人们的关注。本文对我国物价和经济现状进行了简述,阐述了汇率变化对物价水平的影响渠道,最后分析了人民币汇率升值通过国内物价对经济稳定性所产生的影响。     

人民币汇率对我国通胀的影响

当一个国家或地区的宏观经济处于良好发展态势时,通常该国家的汇率比较稳定,通胀率在政府可调控的范围之内,利率较低,股市收益率较高,即这几项指标也处于良性发展态势;而当一个国家或地区的宏观经济发展态势不佳时,这几项指标则相应地处于下滑态势。本文试图从重新认识人民币汇率及通胀,探索出人民币汇率与我国通胀的关系。     

中国的通胀、通胀预期与人民币有效汇率——开放新凯恩斯混合菲利普斯曲线框架下的实证分析

本文将人民币名义有效汇率引入新凯恩斯混合斯菲利普斯曲线框架,并构建计量模型对中国的通胀进行实证分析.结论认为:我国经济增长存在通胀效应;通胀既受到通胀预期的影响而具有前瞻性,也受到前期通胀影响而具有后顾性,且前瞻性预期对通胀的影响处于主导地位;人民币名义有效汇率对中国通胀率的传递效应非常微弱且统计上不显著.文章的结论启示我们:当前治理通货膨胀不应对人民币汇率期望过高,而应更多地将注意力放在国内经济平衡和改变民众的预期上.     

新兴市场经济国家通货膨胀发生概率与汇率制度选择——基于定性响应模型的实证研究

汇率制度选择问题是国际金融学研究领域的重要研究问题,选择适当的汇率制度对于处在转型过程中的新兴市场经济国家具有重要的现实意义。本文对23个新兴市场经济国家的460个样本建立了定性响应模型（Qualitative response model）,对这些国家1985—2004年间汇率制度与通胀发生概率二者之间的关系进行了实证分析,研究发现：固定汇率制度可以降低通胀发生的概率;模拟结果显示,如果我国实行固定汇率制度,通货膨胀发生的概率均明显低于同期对应的其他汇率制度下的概率;通货膨胀发生概率多次出现的阶段性高点与我国历次通货膨胀发生的时间段相吻合;2007年和2008年我国具有较高的发生通胀的可能性。目前,我国尚处于经济转型之中,应该继续维持固定汇率制度,以此作为反通胀的名义驻锚。     

What Causes China＇s High Inflation？ A Threshold Structural Vector Autoregression Analysis

China＇s astonishing economic growth implies a necessity to understand its inflation. The present paper employs threshold nonrecursive structural vector autoregression analysis to explore the asymmetric effects of macro-variables on inflation in low and high inflation regimes. The empirical evidence demonstrates, first, that the reactions of inflation to various shocks are inflation-regime-dependent and asymmetric. Second, monetary policy influences China ＂s high inflation and adjusting the domestic interest rate in China may be an effective way to control inflation in a high inflation regime, but not in a low inflation regime. In a high inflation regime, a high inflation rate may cause the macro-policy authorities to increase the domestic interest rate, in an attempt to stabilize high inflation. Third, contrary to expectations, the world oil price is not a strong cost-push factor in a low inflation regime. Oil price increases may increase inflation in a high inflation regime, but there is no such obvious effect in a low inflation regime. Finally, China ＂s nominal effective exchange rate influences inflation in both low and high inflation regimes. A nominal effeetive exchange rate appreciation might be effective in controlling domestic inflation in both regimes.     

Exchange-Rate Regimes,Political Parties and the Inflation-Unemployment Tradeoff: Evidence from Greece

We use Greek data during 1960–1994 to test and estimate a model in which wage inflation, price inflation and unemployment depend on the exchange rate regime, the identity of the political party in power and whether an election is expected to take place. We respect the Lucas critique and take into account the statistical properties of the data. The main results are: (i) The exchange rate regime matters for inflation. After the fall of the Bretton Woods regime in 1972, there is a Barro-Gordon type inflation bias due to the inability of all policymakers to precommit to low inflation. (ii) There are no Barro-Gordon type partisan differences in inflation or unemployment.     

Exchange Rate Pass-through,Unemployment and Optimal Implementable Monetary Policy Rule for Emerging Economies

Abstract

This paper develops a small open economy model with nominal rigidities and search-matching frictions to study the implications of exchange rate pass-through for monetary policy in emerging countries. I find that, with complete exchange rate pass-through, the optimal policy rule features unemployment targeting as well as inflation targeting. However, the welfare gain from responding to unemployment fluctuations diminishes as the rate of exchange rate pass-through to import prices decreases. With low exchange rate pass-through, the optimal monetary policy is strict inflation targeting.     

Price Stability and the Case for Flexible Exchange Rates

We revisit Friedman’s case for flexible exchange rates in a small open economy with several distortions and rigidities and a variety of domestic and external shocks. We find that, for external shocks, the flexible exchange rate regime outperforms the fixed regime independent of the source of domestic nominal rigidities provided that the monetary authorities pursue a policy of strict inflation targeting. For domestic supply shocks, a joint policy of a flexible exchange rate and strict inflation targeting fares well when the main source of nominal rigidities is in the domestic goods markets, but not if rigidities arise in the labor markets.     

What to Target? Inflation or Exchange Rate

This study empirically compares, for the first time, the popular exchange‐rate–targeting regime with the recently emerged inflation‐targeting framework in developing countries. Applying a variety of propensity score matching methods and dynamic panel generalized method of moments (GMM) regressions to a sample of 50 developing countries for the years 1990–2006, we find strong and robust evidence that, compared to exchange‐rate targeting, inflation targeting leads to a significantly lower inflation rate, and the lower inflation rate does not come at a cost of slower growth.     

CAN TUNISIA MOVE TO INFLATION TARGETING?

Inflation targeting has become an alternative monetary strategy that has been followed by many industrial and emerging countries. This study considers whether the adoption of inflation targeting would be relevant for Tunisia. More specifically, this paper aims at checking whether the necessary conditions for the successful implementation of such a strategy are fulfilled or not. It is found that fiscal dominance does not constitute the main hindrance to the adoption of inflation targeting. Other impediments have been identified, especially a weak financial system in general, the unsound and fragile banking system in particular, and the glaring lack of knowledge about the monetary transmission mechanism. Furthermore, it has been pointed out that if Tunisian monetary authorities continue to carry out the present exchange rate regime, namely, the constant real exchange rate rule, an inflation targeting regime will not be sufficient to properly contain the inflation pressures caused by demand shocks.     

Changes in misalignment of the Korean won: Towards a flexible exchange rate regime

This paper investigates whether the adoption of a more floating exchange rate regime with inflation targeting has improved the vulnerability of the exchange rate, by looking at the Korean case. Using the NATREX model, I estimate the equilibrium real exchange rate of the Won and its misalignment. The unit‐root test for misalignment and the unrestrictive vector autoregressive (VAR) impulse response function test show that under a more flexible exchange rate regime, the vulnerability of the exchange rate regime to external shocks has declined.     

Exchange Rate and Inflation Dynamics in a Resource Rich Setting: The Case of Zambia

This paper investigates the relationship between copper prices, the exchange rate and consumer price inflation in Zambia using a structural vector autoregression with quarterly data for 1995–2014 and a combination of sign and zero restrictions to identify relevant global and domestic shocks. The paper makes two contributions. First, it provides new measures of exchange rate pass through (ERPT), based on less restrictive assumptions than previous estimates, to show how changes in the value of the kwacha are reflected in changes in consumer prices (distinguishing food and non‐food inflation). Second, the ERPT is disaggregated to demonstrate that measured ERPT depends on the nature of the shock, with implications for policy responses. Although the price of copper is the most important driver of the exchange rate, the fluctuations it caused are associated with a low pass‐through of about 7% (consistent with a period of relatively low inflation). Exchange rate fluctuations caused by monetary shocks, in contrast, come with a pass‐through of up to 25% (and even more for food prices). A fast response by monetary authorities can mitigate the adverse effects of exchange rate shocks.