中小物流企业将如何争食“渝新欧”铁路大蛋糕

"渝新欧"是一条连接重庆至欧洲的国际铁路大通道,是现代丝绸之路的重要组成部分。"渝新欧"铁路的开通促进了沿线国家经济贸易的繁荣,更为作为起点城市的重庆带来了巨大的经济蛋糕。因此,围绕"渝新欧"铁路通道所带来的服务需求,势必导致企业间展开激烈的市场争夺战。本文试图探索在这场激烈的蛋糕争夺战中,一直处于夹缝生存的中小物流企业将如何选择发展之路。     

“一带一路”国家的贸易便利化水平测算与贸易潜力研究

"一带一路"是中国新时期全方位扩大对外开放战略的重要组成部分,本文构建了一套完整的贸易便利化指标体系,对"一带一路"沿线69个亚欧国家的贸易便利化水平进行测算。通过拓展的引力模型,验证了贸易便利化对"一带一路"沿线国家之间贸易的促进作用大于区域经济组织、进出口国家GDP、关税减免等。贸易潜力研究表明,"一带一路"沿线亚欧国家之间的贸易潜力巨大,贸易便利化水平的提升可以进一步扩大贸易潜力,地区之间的贸易潜力要大于同一地区国家之间的贸易潜力。"一带一路"的建设应重视贸易便利化方面的合作与创新,建立多元化合作机制,实现亚欧大陆的互联互通和共同繁荣。     

贸易便利化对中国农产品出口的影响研究——基于丝绸之路沿线国家的实证分析

在"一带一路"战略背景下,推动贸易便利化是促进丝绸之路经济带沿线国家贸易共同发展的重要途径,也是各国关注的焦点。本文选取2008-2013年的贸易数据,在测算58个沿线国家的贸易便利化水平的基础上,运用引力模型分析了贸易便利化程度对中国农产品出口产生的影响。基于引力模型的实证分析可知,经济带沿线贸易伙伴国的国内生产总值、人口规模、市场开放程度、是否同为中亚区域经济合作组织(CAREC)成员等是影响中国对丝绸之路经济带沿线国家农产品出口贸易的重要因素。     

东盟贸易便利化对中国跨境电商贸易的影响

在我国跨境电商贸易发展中,对于身为发展中国家的我国来讲能够实现产业化转型升级尤为关键。现阶段"一带一路"沿线的各个国家及地区之间,所存在的东盟贸易便利化很大程度地推进了跨境电商的发展。我国借助WTO所制定的《贸易便利化协定》这一国际间的公共产品,有效提高我国跨境电商及"一带一路"沿线国家地区之间的便利化水平,同时加强对不同国家地区之间的风险管理,增强"经认证经营者"等领域合作,为我国跨境电商贸易创造更良好的发展环境。     

“一带一路”沿线国家贸易投资便利化评价指标体系研究

在评估国家间贸易、投资便利化水平时,现有文献基本上都是将贸易便利化和投资便利化分别进行研究。在全球投资、贸易一体化不断加深的背景下,将二者结合起来进行综合研究,无疑具有深刻的理论和现实意义。本文在结合国家"一带一路"战略构想的总体规划和最终目标的基础上,尝试构建一套完整的贸易投资便利化综合评价指标体系,进而测算出"一带一路"沿线国家的贸易投资便利化水平。     

“一带一路”战略背景下中印贸易互补性研究

印度是中国古丝绸之路上的重要沿线国家,是中国"一带一路"战略成功的关键支点。本文分析了中印贸易现状以及中印贸易的互补性,在分析基础上提出推进与印度的互联互通、加强"一带一路"沿线口岸建设、提高贸易便利化程度、积极推进中印自由贸易区建设等对策建议。     

贸易便利化对中国农产品出口深度和广度的影响——以“丝绸之路经济带”沿线国家为例

本文从出口深度和出口广度的维度,使用2008—2015年中国农产品出口到"丝绸之路经济带"沿线48个贸易对象国的面板数据,基于中国对沿线国家农产品出口现状以及沿线国家贸易便利化发展情况的分析,运用扩展的引力模型分别实证分析了沿线国家贸易便利化水平对中国农产品出口深度和广度的影响。结果表明:沿线国家贸易便利化水平每提升1%,中国农产品的出口深度将增加1.111%,农产品的出口广度将增加0.431%;如果"丝绸之路经济带"沿线国家的贸易便利化水平得到提升,不仅可以增加中国农产品出口的贸易额、扩大中国农产品的市场份额,还能改善中国农产品的出口结构、提高中国农产品出口的多样化水平。     

中国制造业国际转移过程中的问题与对策 —基于「一带一路」沿线国家贸易便利化视角

在全球制造业布局逐渐调整的背景下,借助对外投资进行结构调整是应对我国制造业发展危机的有效措施.本文通过综合分析"一带一路"沿线国家贸易便利化水平发现,口岸基础设施薄弱、通关政策各异、信息技术发展差距大和地缘政治局势动荡是我国制造业海外转移面对的主要问题.同时,加快推进沿线国家的贸易便利化,包括加强沿线国家之间的政策协调、基础设施建设合作和智库合作,既有利于提升各国贸易便利化水平,也是推进我国制造业有序转移的重要举措.     

“一带一路”战略背景下中国与印尼贸易互补性研究

印尼是中国"一带一路"沿线东南亚地区的重要支点国家。本文分析了中国与印尼的贸易现状以及基于进出口商品结构的贸易互补性,在分析基础上提出充分挖掘双方的贸易互补性、提高贸易便利化程度、增加基础设施投资促进出口等提升中国与印尼贸易合作水平的对策建议。     

中欧国际铁路班列运行特点、问题及对策--基于“渝新欧”班列的运行实践

“渝新欧”是重庆至欧洲国际铁路大通道的简称。“渝”指重庆,“新”指新疆阿拉山口“,欧”指欧洲。“渝新欧”班列于2011年3月正式开通,此后,郑州、武汉、成都、苏州、义乌等我国许多内陆城市,也纷纷开展面向欧洲国家的国际铁路运输。“渝新欧”国际铁路联运大通道是一条横贯亚欧大陆的贸易大动脉,其贯穿了“丝绸之路经济带”上的6个国家,实现了中国内陆省区与欧洲之间的陆上直通,为中欧双边贸易提供了便利通道,因此,“渝新欧”铁路线被称为“第三条亚欧大陆桥”。     

刍议国际贸易中的贸易报复

20世纪 90年代后,随着经济全球化的发展,国际贸易领域中的争端和冲突日益增多,许多国家为了维护自己的经济利益,开始越来越多地采取贸易报复。目前,贸易报复已成为制约国际贸易发展的重要障碍之一,而要减少各国之间的贸易报复,首先需要真正地认识贸易报复。     

国际贸易理论的演进逻辑:贸易动因、贸易结构和贸易结果

国际贸易理论历经古典贸易理论、新古典贸易理论、新贸易理论、新兴古典贸易理论和新新贸易理论五个阶段,主要回答三个基本问题:贸易动因、贸易结构和贸易结果。依据不同的假设,贸易理论对影响贸易的边界条件的解释各不相同,对贸易动因解释也不相同;贸易结构从行业间贸易、行业内贸易发展为企业间贸易,国际贸易正在向全球化下的企业分工演变;贸易结果是国际贸易得以持续展开的效果,生产力提升是最终的结果。基于三个基本问题,比较各种国际贸易理论,揭示各种国际贸易理论的局限性,并做出评价。     

贸易自由化与中性贸易体制

贸易体制中性化是贸易自由化的内在要求，但是，中性化并不等于自由化，贸易自由化必须包括贸易体制中性化和减少贸易干预两个方面。贸易自由化的实质是建立有效的市场经济机制，减少对贸易的行政干预是贸易自由化成功与否的关键所在。     

货物贸易、服务贸易与技术贸易发展趋向

通过对世界货物贸易、世界服务贸易和国际技术贸易这三者的发展状况进行对比分析,考察三者在贸易自由化方面的关系,认为技术贸易自由化的阻力是技术贸易、服务贸易和货物贸易中最小的,且发展最快;服务贸易自由化的阻力又小于货物贸易自由化的阻力,其发展速度快于货物贸易,并据此提出我国应采取的对策建议。     

ASEAN-India Free Trade Agreement: Evaluating Trade Creation and Trade Diversion Effects

The present study attempts to provide insight into the trade creation and trade diversion effects of ASEAN-India Free Trade Agreement in goods, which came into force in 2010. The paper applies a theoretically consistent gravity model and uses empirically robust procedures such as ordinary least squares and pseudo-Poisson maximum likelihood in order to analyze the ex post effects of the agreement at an aggregate level. The results reveal that standard gravity variables are statistically significant and report expected signs, yet a reduction in export flows has been observed following the implementation of the free trade agreement, giving rise to pure trade diversion effects.     

Do Trade Agreements Increase Food Trade?

In addition to multilateral trade agreements under the World Trade Organization (WTO), the world has seen a remarkable proliferation of regional trade agreements (RTAs) in the last two decades. This study investigates whether these multilateral and regional trade institutions increase food trade and bring the world into a freer flow of food. The gravity model of international trade is used for the empirical analysis. The model is developed in a large panel data setting and attempted to address some potential problems in the estimations including multilateral trade resistances, zero trade values and endogeneity. The results suggest that both the WTO and RTAs have delivered significant positive effects on trade among the participant countries, but not food. Only RTAs are found to have increased food trade among the participant countries. However, although on average the WTO is found to have negative implications on food trade, it facilitates the developing countries more than the developed countries.     

客户做什么生意，我们就做什么生意

要帮助客户做生意，自己应该成为一个合格的生意人，这样才能引起客户的共鸣和重视，赢得客户的尊重。[编者按]     

Do Trade Agreements Stimulate International Trade Differently? Evidence from 296 Trade Agreements

In a seminal article, Rose (2004) found that the assumed positive impact of the WTO on international trade was questionable. This finding has been scrutinised and modified in subsequent research, using different data sets, econometric methods and separating the WTO from other forms of trade agreements. A key characteristic of the subsequent literature is the rather simplistic way in which trade agreements are treated whereby all trade agreements are lumped together. Trade agreements come, however, in many different forms and shapes. This study addresses these differences in trade agreements. Using a unique database of 296 trade agreements, we distinguish 17 trade‐related policy domains and indicate whether the agreements contain legally enforceable commitments. This extensive and novel taxonomy of trade agreements enables us to allow for the possible heterogeneity of the impact of trade agreements on international trade. Using a gravity model, we find that trade agreement heterogeneity indeed matters for international trade and that countries experience significant trade increases due to comprehensive trade agreements even if not all participants are in the WTO.     

从贸易逆差看我国外贸平衡

某种意义上,出现逆差在一定程度上可以被看作是对人民币低估论调的有力回击。不过,对我国这样的对外开放进程尚处于正在进行时的国家来说,如果贸易逆差规模过大,也是一件很麻烦的事情。     

Growth and Trade vs. Trade and Growth

In the traditional trade literature, there is a well-developed area analyzing the effect of growth on trade and its reflection on income growth. This literature developed already in the 1950s and 1960s. Generally speaking, an interest in the effects of trade on growth has also existed for many years, where trade has often been viewed as an engine of growth. Cases in point are the "East Asian Tigers" and Japan which have especially benefited from outward-looking policies. In this paper, we analyze the relationship between economic growth and growth in income terms of trade, arguing that income terms of trade is a useful concept in analyses of the link between trade and growth. Our results suggest that fast-growing countries have either specialized in sectors with a relatively favorable development with regard to world market prices, or they have managed to successively improve quality within sectors, thereby avoiding falling terms of trade in spite of large increases in export volumes.