心理契约管理：现代管理新趋势

在现代企业管理中，企业与员工之间是一种建立在以“制度契约”和“心理契约”为纽带基础上的战略合作伙伴。随着经济社会的发展，企业员工正在向知识型的方向发展。知识型员工与传统员工相比，具有很强的独立性和自主性，传统的雇佣契约、     

现代企业雇佣关系模式的变革、冲突及其管理策略研究

外部劳动力市场主导的雇佣关系模式中的企业雇佣管理法则迥异于内部劳动力市场主导模式，新的雇佣关系模式破坏了雇主和雇员之间的心理契约，互惠关系被打破，企业在员工管理中面临四大在原有雇佣管理理念中难以自圆其说的两难问题。新的互惠关系的达成和维护成为雇佣关系达成新的平衡的关键。该研究认为，可雇佣性成为新的互惠关系形成的关键，围绕可雇佣性提升建立新的员工管理理念和系统成为企业在外部劳动力市场主导的雇佣关系模式中的雇佣管理策略。     

创新供电企业人才战略管理模式

<正>供电企业创建"高技能、实战型"的人才战略管理模式,必须从本企业人员构成的实际情况对人员进行资料信息化管理,制定适合各阶段员工的"差异化"职业生涯规划,开展"多元化"员工技术技能培训工作,建立适应"高技能、实战型"人才战略管理模式的企业文化,建立科学的可操作性强的人才评价体系和建立符合员工需求的激励机制,实现"高技能、实战型"人才战略管理模式的正常运行。在科学技术发展速度日益加快、企业经营竞争压力日益增大的今天,任何企业管理者都必须为明天的生存和发展而未雨绸缪。所以现代企业都十分关注企业发展战略。当企业的总体战略明确之后,能否按照拟定的     

以效益效率为导向构建差异化分类考核管理体系

创新以效益效率为导向的差异化分类考核管理体系绩效考核是对组织和员工的业绩、效率、效能进行管理,是承载企业使命和战略的驱动器,通过层层分解指标将企业的战略和经营目标落地。国网公司紧紧围绕“一强三优”现代公司的战略目标,以提高价值创造能力和经营管理绩效为目标,按照“分级管理、分类考核”的原则,建立了差异化的分类考核体系和激励约束机制,统一规范了各级企业负责人、管理机关     

以效益效率为导向构建差异化分类考核管理体系

创新以效益效率为导向的差异化分类考核管理体系 绩效考核是对组织和员工的业绩、效率、效能进行管理,是承载企业使命和战略的驱动器,通过层层分解指标将企业的战略和经营目标落地.国网公司紧紧围绕“一强三优”现代公司的战略目标,以提高价值创造能力和经营管理绩效为目标,按照“分级管理、分类考核”的原则,建立了差异化的分类考核体系和激励约束机制,统一规范了各级企业负责人、管理机关和一线员工的考核模式,充分发挥考核的导向和激励作用.     

以效益效率为导向构建差异化分类考核管理体系

绩效考核是对组织和员工的业绩、效率、效能进行管理，是承载企业使命和战略的驱动器．通过层层分解指标将企业的战略和经营目标落地。国网公司紧紧围绕“一强三优”现代公司的战略目标，以提高价值创造能力和经营管理绩效为目标，按照“分级管理、分类考核”的原则。建立了差异化的分类考核体系和激励约束机制．统一规范了各级企业负责人、管理机关和一线员工的考核模式，充分发挥考核的导向和激励作用。     

基于人口学特征的知识员工心理契约感知差异调查

知识经济时代,知识员工的管理成为企业人力资源管理的核心问题.将心理契约与知识员工的管理相结合,成为学术界研究知识员工管理的一个新的方向.本文建立了知识员工心理契约人口学差异理论模型,并通过对621份知识员工问卷调查数据的分析得出:性别、工作年限和技术职称对知识员工关系型和发展型心理契约感知有显著影响;换单位次数对知识员工交易型心理契约、关系型心理契约和发展型心理契约感知都有显著影响.     

差异化不是乱点鸳鸯谱

差异化管理是企业为适应现代社会化大生产高度发达、市场竞争全球化和白热化形势,采取不同于竞争对手的产品、价格、服务和战略,从而达到扩大市场份额和竞争优势,赢得企业发展的目的。根据80/20法则,企业对少部分核心人才实施倾斜和照顾,这被称为人力资源的差异化管理。随着建筑市场竞争日益激烈,对专业人才的竞争也达到白热化。决定公司成败的关键是企业的核心人才,只要能用好占企业20%的核心人才,就可以保证其在竞争中的市场优势。企业应对这20%的核心员工实行差异化的管理策略,给以特别的待遇。在差异化管理过程中,实施倾斜和照顾时,管理…     

研发团队内部知识转移绩效影响因素的实证研究

基于现有知识管理理论,以研发团队内部员工之间知识转移为研究重点,提出知识转移的因素模型.通过多家企业的问卷调查,采用结构方程(SEM)的分析方法,对该因素模型进行了验证和修订.揭示了知识接受方、知识提供方、人际关系、知识特征因素对知识转移绩效的影响以及其相互间的量化关系,为企业知识管理的实践提供理论支持.     

大处着眼 小处着手

班组是企业战略的最终落实者,是矛盾的交织点、牢骚的发源地。如何营造和谐班组氛围,让员工阳光快乐、尽情绽放地工作,是推动企业发展的基础动力。我所在的中盐东兴盐化股份有限公司,得益于企业清晰的战略目标及优秀的基础管理。作为一家国有制盐企业,员工铁饭碗、老龄化,班组管理面临诸多挑战。企业鼓励班组管理差异化,形成了各式各色的独特班组管理文化。形成独特的管理方式随着社会的发展,人的思想呈现多元化,而近     

Order backlogs and strategic pricing: the case of the U.S. large turbine generator industry

This paper illustrates the usefulness of game theory for strategic management through theoretical and empirical analysis of price competition in the presence of production backlogs. Game-theoretic analysis predicts a different relationship between relative prices and backlog levels than does analysis that ignores the sorts of interactive considerations emphasized by game theory. Empirical analysis based on data for the U.S. market for large turbine generators between 1951 and 1963 corroborates the game-theoretic prediction. The paper concludes with a discussion of the sorts of situations in which game-theoretic reasoning is particularly likely to prove useful. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Service Delivery Networks and Employment Relations at German Airports: Jeopardizing Industrial Peace on the Ground?

In this article, we ask how organizational restructuring towards a network form of service delivery challenges an established form of employment relations in Germany, that is labour–management collaboration. Building on a theoretical discussion of the marketization hypothesis, we develop a structuration perspective on the relationship between network restructuring and labour–management collaboration, which highlights the political economy of inter-firm networks. Empirically, we focus on two major airport authorities in Germany. Our findings show how these authorities at the core of service delivery networks face a strategic trade-off between short-term labour cost reductions and more adversarial employment relations. Apart from coinciding with a deterioration in working conditions for service workers, the handling of this trade-off depends on managers’ and worker representatives’ commitment to collaboration across the network. While unions and works councils initially continued with social partnership-type practices, the more adversarial management practices for enacting the network restructuring cause a fragmentation on the workers’ side and increase the conflict potential. We conclude that the agency of management and worker representatives in the enactment of inter-firm networks oscillates between more partnership-like and more conflictive practices, which turn the network restructuring into a political process with divergent outcomes for employment relations.     

The paradox of strategic controls

This paper reviews the literature on strategic controls. It summarizes the main theoretical arguments that have been put forward for establishing strategic control systems, and contrasts these arguments with evidence that suggests that few companies in fact have a strategic control system in place. The paper then identifies some of the difficulties that may be associated with establishing a strategic control system, points up issues that require further empirical research, and suggests a framework for exploring a contingency theory concerning the sorts of businesses in which strategic control systems would be most and least valuable.     

AN EMPIRICAL TEST OF THE RESOURCE-BASED THEORY: STRATEGIC REGULATION IN THE DUTCH AUDIT INDUSTRY

The resource-based view of the firm is a recent strategic management theory that seeks to identify the resources that may provide firms with a sustainable competitive advantage. This paper has two purposes. First, the paper relates strategic management arguments to parallel lines of reasoning in industrial organization theory and argues that strategic regulation is a major source of sustainable competitive advantage. The second purpose of the paper is to report the results of an empirical test of the resource-based theory on the basis of a longitudinal data set on the postwar history of the Dutch audit industry. A key determinant of this history proves to be strategic regulation, which stimulates demand for audit services and protects rent-producing resources.     

农民工就业质量的提高与“体面就业”

1999年国际劳工组织提出的“体面就业”的战略目标,已经成为世界各国政府经济和社会政策的重要内容。“体面就业”就是高质量的就业。当前中国农民工就业面临着就业规模大,就业质量低下的难题。农民工就业的现实状况,农民工就业质量的一系列理论问题,以及农民工就业质量的衡量标准和评价体系等等都亟待研究,以进一步提升中国农民工的就业质量,早日实现中国农民工“体面就业”。     

THE APPLICATION OF CLUSTER ANALYSIS IN STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT RESEARCH: AN ANALYSIS AND CRITIQUE

Cluster analysis is a statistical technique that sorts observations into similar sets or groups. The use of cluster analysis presents a complex challenge because it requires several methodological choices that determine the quality of a cluster solution. This paper chronicles the application of cluster analysis in strategic management research, where the technique has been used since the late 1970s to investigate issues of central importance. Analysis of 45 published strategy studies reveals that the implementation of cluster analysis has been often less than ideal, perhaps detracting from the ability of studies to generate knowledge. Given these findings, suggestions are offered for improving the application of cluster analysis in future inquiry.     

Knowledge management through the development of knowledge repositories: towards work degradation

This paper questions the consequences of the use of electronic knowledge repositories for work and employment. Drawing on critical research suggesting that knowledge management associated with such tools presents similarities to scientific management principles, it proposes to examine the following key research question: how do employees experience the transformation of the employment relationship when a knowledge repository is introduced to the workplace? The inquiry is grounded in an exploratory qualitative case study of a knowledge management system designed to foster knowledge‐sharing in a Belgian public administration. The findings illustrate two complementary outcomes: this system resulted in employees experiencing deskilling and work degradation, and was met with resistance. Significantly, this paper considers work degradation as a reflexive phenomenon in the context studied, where knowledge‐sharing systems produced deskilling and resistance as part of a specific re‐regulation process.     

Diffusing knowledge-based core competencies for leveraging innovation strategies: Modelling outsourcing to knowledge process organizations (KPOs) in pharmaceutical networks

As pharmaceutical firms try to market their products and reduce costs, vertically integrated structures hamper innovation processes. Yet, pharmaceutical firms must innovate to compete. Outsourcing knowledge intensive activities to knowledge process organizations (KPOs) serves to reduce innovation process obstacles. Grounded in diffusion theory and strategic management literature, this conceptual paper explores four interrelated strategic concepts: core competencies, economies of scale and scope, knowledge sharing, and learning. This paper claims that (a) accumulated core competencies of multinational pharmaceutical companies (MPCs) erode over time and these companies become dependent on KPOs (b) MPCs must understand how KPOs manage core competencies (c) economies of scope benefit KPOs enabling them to sustain competitive advantages for their MPC partners, meanwhile the benefits from economies of both scale and scope shift from MPCs to KPOs (d) KPOs need to monitor their rate of learning to remain competitive. The paper identifies implications for industrial managers and directions for future research.     

Strategic human resource management,institutionalization, and employment modes: an empirical study in China

This study compares the predictions of institutional theory with those of the contingency perspective of strategic human resource management (SHRM) on the selection of an employment mode. Empirical data were collected from multinational enterprises, including the electronics and garment industries, that operate in China to test the relative importance of the determinants of the selection of an employment mode. The results provide greater support for the SHRM predictions than for the institutional theory predictions. The implications of the findings for researchers and practitioners are discussed. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The problem of unobservables in strategic management research

In this paper we argue that unobservable constructs lie at the core of a number of influential theories used in the strategic management literature—including agency theory, transaction cost theory, and the resource-based view of the firm. The debate over how best to deal with the problem of unobservables has raged in the philosophy of science literature for the best part of the current century. On the one hand, there are the positivists, who believe that theories containing unobservable constructs are only useful as tools for making predictions. According to positivists, such theories do not inform us about the deep structure of reality. On the other hand, there are the realists, who believe that our theories can give us knowledge about unobservables. Herein we review this debate, we argue for adopting a realist position, and we draw out the implications for strategic management research.