Analysis on Chinese Inequity in Health between the Urban and the Rural

Firstly the paper introduces the concept of the inequity in health, the method of measurement of inequity in health which is usually used to measure the inequity of income. Then we statistically describe the inequity in health between the urban and the rural in China, and analyze the correlative of the variety of income allocation and the variety of inequity in health.     

浅谈医学人类学对身体及心理健康的影响

国民健康已成为最大的社会问题。医学人类学是一门新兴交叉学科。利用医学人类学的研究领域,更新观念,树立健康教育是终生教育的思想,把其贯穿于学生的德、智、体、美、劳教育中,确保身体及心理健康教育工作的多样性和延续性。     

城乡居民基本医疗保险制度对居民健康公平性的影响研究--基于嘉兴市的调查分析

本文主要是研究城乡居民基本医疗保险制度下的城乡居民健康公平性,为完善医疗保障制度提供科学依据。本文主要利用集中指数测量反映和经济状况有关的健康结果的公平性。探究城乡居民医保参保人员两周患病率、慢性病患病率、自评健康不良情况各自反映的健康不公平。通过对农村和城镇居民的比较分析发现差异和出现健康不公平的原因并提出相关建议。     

高校研究生心理健康教育现状及对策

大学生心理健康教育已经得到政府、社会和高校的普遍关注,但高校对大学生中研究生群体的心理健康教育却仍存在着很大不足。根据问卷调查,从学校和学生两个层面解读了目前高校研究生心理健康教育服务体系现状,并据此提出转变服务观念、完善研究生心理健康教育服务体系以及建立相关制度保障体系的对策,以期为高校研究生心理健康教育提供借鉴与参考。     

Chasing Success: Health Sector Aid and Mortality

As many cases studies show, successful public health measures are being implemented in many places around the globe, and country-level mortality has fallen significantly in recent decades in all but a few countries. Are the two linked? Does development assistance for health (DAH) improve, on balance, recipient countries’ mortality trajectory? Using a new data source containing DAH on 96 high mortality countries, the regression analysis shows no effect of DAH on mortality. Other types of aid, including water development, also have no effect. Economic growth, on the other hand, has a strong negative effect on mortality. These findings confirm and build upon recent work by Williamson (2008) and are shown to be robust to a variety of sensitivity analyses and alternative model specifications and estimation methods.This analysis also shows that the effectiveness of DAH has not increased over time, even as the level of that funding has increased fourfold, though spending on infectious diseases and family planning may have caused small reductions in mortality. Furthermore, even though it is encouraging that DAH has tended to go where the need is highest, it also goes to states that have experienced the greatest mortality reductions in the recent past. In other words, DAH appears to be following success, rather than causing it.     

A situational analysis for the implementation of the National School Health Policy in KwaZulu-Natal

The South African National School Health Policy was launched in 2003 to improve pupils' health by linking school visits by nurses and other health providers with the intersectoral collaboration required for health promoting schools. In KwaZulu-Natal, the policy required that various parties collaborate in order to ensure the successful implementation of the policy. This study examines the status of provincial departments and district level groups and their capacity to contribute to this partnership. It is a situational analysis that includes interviews, a questionnaire and focus group discussions. The results reveal issues that need addressing before the policy can be successfully implemented, including staffing, transport for the School Health Teams and further training of these teams and the teachers. Given the health issues faced by South Africans, especially the quadruple burden of disease, it is imperative that the School Health Policy be comprehensively implemented in KwaZulu-Natal.     

日本的医疗保险制度及其经济学分析

本文首先对日本的医疗保险制度做了一个较为详细的介绍,它包括医疗保险的种类、保险者、被保险者、保险金、医疗待遇等基本问题。然后分析了日本的医疗保险制度的运行对日本的经济产生的影响,对普通劳动者收入产生的影响。     

老年养生健康的新理念

健康的新内涵及其发展引起了老年人养生理念的变化。如今，老年人健康不仅指身体健康，还包括心理、道德等方面，能适应社会的发展。老年人应该从多个方面调理、修养，才能保持健康。     

政府卫生支出的有效性、地区差异及其人口健康改善

利用健康生产模型.运用我国1997～2005年各省面板数据,说明我国政府卫生支出与改善人口健康状况之间的关系.为即将推行的卫生医疗改革各项公共管理政策的制定和实施。提供理论支持以及实证分析的证据。我国政府卫生支出是决定人口健康水平的一个关键因素,但政策制定者需要兼顾"投入的规模和管理的有效",同时,卫生医疗改革政策需要因地制宜,中央财政部门急需建立一套考核各级政府卫生支出管理绩效水平的系统指标体系。     

社区医疗卫生服务体系建设中的政府角色

在我国医疗卫生体制中,初级和二级医疗服务缺乏制度性的分工,导致民众大量的初级医疗卫生服务主要由医院承担,一方面造成医疗资源的浪费,另一方面也对医疗费用升高推波助澜。这一问题的症结在于,政府医疗资源大多流向各类医院。不同政府部门之间缺乏协调.社区医疗卫生服务体系有欠发达。政府增加投入以及各政府部门加强协调,引入医疗服务的守门人制度,是促进社区卫生服务发展的关键。     

Mortality in South Africa: Socio-economic profile and association with self-reported health

This paper exploits the first two waves of the National Income Dynamics Study (NIDS) to describe the socio-economic profile of mortality and to assess whether self-rated health status is predictive of mortality between waves. Mortality rates in NIDS are in line with estimates from official death notification data and display the expected hump of excess mortality in early and middle adulthood due to AIDS, with the excess peaking earlier for women than for men. We find evidence of a socio-economic gradient in mortality, with higher rates of mortality for individuals from asset-poor households and with lower levels of education. Consistent with evidence from many industrialised countries and a few developing countries, we find self-rated health to be a significant predictor of two-year mortality, an association that remains after controlling for socio-economic status and several other subjective and objective measures of health.     

The Impact of a Public Health Emergency on the Demand for Life Insurance – An Empirical Analysis Based on Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome

We examined changes in personal life insurance purchase decisions after a public health event by incorporating perceived health risk and regret into the expected utility function. The model predicts that the epidemic will create incremental insurance demand. Based on the 2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak in China, we used a panel dataset of 30 provinces from 2000 to 2007 and applied the difference-in-differences method to confirm the prediction empirically. The results showed that the epidemic did not significantly impact the demand for life insurance in the short term but played a role in the long term. People increased their health-care expenditure and premiums for new policies after the severe acute respiratory syndrome event, suggesting that the epidemic changed people's perceived risk and triggered anticipated regret, which increased life insurance demand. Some robustness checks also supported our findings.     

论辅导员工作与大学生心理健康教育

辅导员作为班级管理的一线工作者,对培养大学生的心理健康有着直接的影响。本文主要从高校大学生的心理现状出发,分析产生这些心理问题的原因,并在此基础上,深入探讨辅导员对大学生进行心理健康教育的途径。     

移动医疗APP的发展与应用监管研究

通过近3年的文献研究和市场调查,总结了移动医疗APP在功能作用、设计、与用户关系和监管等方面的研究进展,阐述了移动医疗APP的优势和发展历程。移动医疗APP的出现在推动我国医疗事业发展的同时带来了相应的监管挑战,表现在远程医疗诊断风险高、用户隐私保护不到位、信息真实性难验证、虚假医疗广告多和纠纷侵权难处理五个方面。移动医疗APP的进一步发展需要技术和管理上的创新,才能提升互联网医疗服务水平和质量。     

以大数据筑牢公共卫生安全网:应用前景及政策建议

大数据是国家提高公共卫生保障能力和应对流行病威胁的关键资源。从可得性和应用价值来看,公共卫生中涉及的大型数据源可以分为五大类,即医学大数据、互联网大数据、地理/气象大数据、基于便携设备的人类行为大数据和零售大数据。将多来源大数据纳入公共卫生体系,有助于改善公共卫生体系信息报送的及时性、完整性以及对新发传染病的监测敏锐性,帮助传染病防控政策精准实施,但面临着数据挖掘和共享、数据集成和处理技术、数据隐私保护以及管理体制和机制不适应等方面的难题。为此,应搭建公共卫生大数据应用协同网络,加大大数据应用专项资金投入,健全公共卫生大数据治理体系,加强专业人才培养。     

我国卫生筹资目标的可行性与筹资能力

在未来几年内,我国在卫生总费用占GDP的百分比继续增长的同时,逐步提高公共筹资的比例,相应地降低居民个人筹资比例是完全可行的,是城乡个人、社会医疗保险和财政卫生筹资能力都能承受的。现阶段农村合作医疗的筹资能力相对较弱,未来财政卫生支出需要重点向农村地区倾斜。