上市公司内部治理结构与盈余管理关系研究

盈余管理是指企业为了达到某一特定的管理目标而对会计政策的选择。盈余管理行为对企业是一把双刃剑,运用不当会严重损害会计信息使用者的利益,实适度的盈余管理对企业有利。管理当局可以运用会计政策的选择使得财务报告拥有更多的信息含量,以便更好的向会计信息的使用者传达公司当前和潜在的财务信息,消除会计信息系统自身所无法克服的弊病。本文从盈余管理的理论出发,阐述了上市公司内部治理结构与盈余管理关系研究,探讨了消除企业不当盈余管理行为。以期为盈余管理研究提供参考。     

利用资产减值进行盈余管理的研究——基于浙江精功科技股份有限公司的案例分析

现如今资本市场活跃,经济市场迅猛发展,很多企业争相上市,以便融资发展与扩大规模。繁荣的经济时代,活跃的市场背景,灵活的盈余管理,给企业带来无限的机遇,但也增加了企业的财务风险和经营风险。在这种情况下,企业经常利用资产减值科目进行盈余管理达到利润最大化并改善与调节经营指标与财务信息。文章以浙江精功科技股份有限公司(简称精功科技)为例,说明企业在实践中使用资产减值损失科目进行盈余管理的具体方式及过度的盈余管理行为带来的不利影响,并对现行会计准则的漏洞给予建议。     

盈余管理:理性分析与科学对待

近年来财务理论界广泛关注盈余管理并普遍对其进行否定批判。本文从经济学、会计准则的视角分析了盈余管理存在的合理性,指出应该理性地、科学地对待盈余管理,提出了减少盈余管理负面影响的途径,引导企业的盈余管理活动走向规范。     

盈余管理:理性分析与科学对待

近年来财务理论界广泛关注盈余管理并普遍对其进行否定批判.本文从经济学、会计准则的视角分析了盈余管理存在的合理性,指出应该理性地、科学地对待盈余管理,提出了减少盈余管理负面影响的途径,引导企业的盈余管理活动走向规范.     

财务连锁董事能够抑制盈余管理行为吗？--基于A股上市公司的证据

自20世纪80年代,盈余管理一直是财务金融领域的热点问题。文章以2012年A股上市公司为样本,探索财务连锁董事对企业盈余管理的作用,实证数据表明：财务连锁董事抑制企业的盈余管理行为;独立财务连锁董事的盈余管理抑制效应强于执行财务连锁董事;财务连锁董事的职业背景影响其盈余管理抑制作用,高校背景财务连锁董事的盈余管理抑制效应强于其他职业背景的财务连锁董事。     

财务连锁董事能够抑制盈余管理行为吗?——基于A股上市公司的证据

自20世纪80年代,盈余管理一直是财务金融领域的热点问题。文章以2012年A股上市公司为样本,探索财务连锁董事对企业盈余管理的作用,实证数据表明:财务连锁董事抑制企业的盈余管理行为;独立财务连锁董事的盈余管理抑制效应强于执行财务连锁董事;财务连锁董事的职业背景影响其盈余管理抑制作用,高校背景财务连锁董事的盈余管理抑制效应强于其他职业背景的财务连锁董事。     

僵尸企业递延所得税资产畸高的盈余管理研究

上市公司财务与税(务)会(计)关系协调最为基础和重要的问题是企业利润、盈余管理与递延所得税资产之间的关系,因为递延所得税项目与会计利润和应税所得的暂时性差异的产生同步,企业进行盈余管理大部分可通过递延所得税费用来反映,使得递延税款成为影响盈余管理的一项更为直接因素.文章对僵尸企业递延所得税资产畸高与盈余管理关系进行梳理并分析案例企业通过递延所得税资产畸高开展盈余管理的路径和经济后果,以期为企业和相关部门财务、税务风险的防范提供参考与借鉴.     

财务杠杆与财务风险

财务杠杆犹如一把双刃剑,有时会给企业带来正的财务杠杆效应,提高企业自有资金利润率,有时也会给企业带来额外损失,形成财务风险。本文首先介绍了财务杠杆与财务风险的涵义及两者的关系,分析了影响财务杠杆和财务风险的主要因素,在此基础上指出企业应合理利用财务杠杆,规避财务风险。     

我国上市公司过度盈余管理的原因及治理策略

本文对上市公司盈余管理的相关问题进行了研究,指出了过度的盈余管理也会给企业、社会,乃至整个国家带来损害。基于此,本文提出了对过度盈余管理监督的建议。     

财务杠杆与财务风险

财务杠杆犹如一把双刃剑,有时会给企业带来正的财务杠杆效应,提高企业自有资金利润率,有时也会给企业带来额外损失,形成财务风险.本文首先介绍了财务杠杆与财务风险的涵义及两者的关系,分析了影响财务杠杆和财务风险的主要因素,在此基础上指出企业应合理利用财务杠杆,规避财务风险.     

A cross‐country study on the relationship between financial development and earnings management

This study investigates whether a country's level of financial development is associated with earnings management in an international setting. Financial development is likely to heighten the monitoring and scrutiny of accounting numbers because of strengthened investor protection laws and regulations as well as sophisticated market participants. Therefore, we first hypothesize that both accrual‐based and real earnings management decrease with greater financial development. However, research shows that managers tend to apply real earnings management, instead of accrual‐based earnings management, under strict accounting standards, regulations, and close auditor scrutiny. Thus, we explore the alternative hypothesis that accrual‐based earnings management decreases but real earnings management increases along with higher financial development. We examine the relationship between financial development and both types of earnings management using 56,830 observations in 37 countries covering the period 2009–2012. The results indicate that both types of earnings management are more restrained under higher levels of financial development.     

盈余管理实证研究:文献述评与未来研究方向

本文从盈余管理的度量、手段、程度和频率、动机、市场反应、经济后果和制约因素等方面,对盈余管理实证研究文献进行了全面系统的回顾和评价;在此基础上,提出了未来盈余管理实证研究的诸多命题,即会计盈余具有有用性和经济后果性,公司盈余管理行为不可能杜绝但可以预期,盈余管理仍将是未来实证会计研究的主要论题。     

Improvements onthe Earnings Forecast Model——Based on Correlation between Financial Ratio, Auditor Opinion and Future Earnings

This paper aims to find evidence for the improvements on the present earnings forecast models through analyzing the correlation among financial ratios, auditor opinion of listed companies and their future earnings. This paper uses two statistical regression methods including Logistic model and Linear model to examine the inner interaction between financial ratios and future earnings from qualitative and quantitative perspectives respectively. Empirical tests find that financial ratios, especially ROE, can help to predict future earnings. Then we add auditor opinion variable into Logistic model to test whether going concern opinion in the auditor reports can be helpful for earnings forecast. Result shows the degree of optimistic statement of going concern opinion is significantly correlated with future earnings but with the disturbance of earnings management.     

Independent directors and earnings management: The moderating effects of controlling shareholders and the divergence of cash-flow and control rights

The research results on the suppressing effect of independent directors on earnings management are not consistent in existing literature. In addition, it has been argued that using financial statements provided by top management to investigate top management's earnings management is not appropriate. Therefore, the purpose of this study is twofold. First, we used external auditors (including the auditors of Taiwan Stock Exchange Corporation and the auditors of two Big Four accounting firms – Deloitte & Touche and KPMG in Taiwan) as respondents in order to obtain less biased data. Second, we investigate the moderating effects of controlling shareholders and the divergence of cash-flow and control rights on the relationship between independent directors and earnings management. The results show that both the existence of controlling shareholders and the divergence of cash-flow and control rights have significant suppressing effects on the relationship between independent directors and earnings management. Theoretical and practical implications are also discussed.     

上市公司盈余管理研究

盈余管理是现代会计理论研究中的一个重要领域,本文在分析盈余管理的涵义、产生的条件和动机以及盈余管理的利弊基础上,提出从会计准则与会计制度、公司治理结构以及业绩考核和报酬制度等方面来探讨如何规范我国上市公司盈余管理行为。     

内部控制、盈余管理与审计定价——来自2014年中国上市公司的经验证据

审计定价的高低与审计成本及审计风险有关。企业内部控制水平和盈余管理程度的不同会影响审计过程中人力、物力投入的多少以及审计风险的大小,从而影响审计定价。通过研究2014年深沪两市2300家上市公司的样本数据,考察内部控制、盈余管理与审计定价之间的关系发现：内部控制程度与审计定价之间的相关性不显著;盈余管理程度对审计定价具有显著的正向影响,在不同的内部控制水平下,盈余管理程度对审计定价的正向影响具有不同的显著性,内部控制水平越低的企业,盈余管理程度与审计定价之间的正相关关系的显著性越强。     

Valuation effects of earnings management on hotel firm value

This study investigates the valuation effects of earnings quality on a hotel’s firm value between 1991 and 2017. A unique perspective from the financial crisis period is utilized to explore the changes further when hotel firms face financial distress. We adopt the ordinary least squares (OLS) regression method in this study. Generalized Least Squares (GLS) regression and Petersen’s Clustered Standard Error Model to confirm the validity of results. Seemingly unrelated regressions (SUR) analysis is adopted to compare the impact of the financial crisis on subsamples of low and high Altman Z-scores and subsamples of non-Big-4 and Big-4 firms. Substantial evidence supports our assertion that increased discretionary accruals and earnings management bring down earnings quality and, in turn, decrease a hotel’s firm value. Results reinforce that the 2008 financial crisis had an impact on the relationship between earnings management and hotel firm value. The negative effect that discretionary accruals and earnings management have on hotel firm value is mitigated for hotel firms with low credit strength or not audited by one of the Big-4 firms. Stockholders of hotel firms should be aware of the impact and enforce additional measures to control earnings management activities during a financial crisis.     

Sustainability reporting quality and post‐audit financial reporting quality: Empirical evidence from the UK

This study examines whether firms that appear to exhibit high sustainability reporting quality are less likely to engage in earnings management activities, thereby delivering financial information that is more transparent and reliable than that delivered by firms that do not produce high‐quality sustainability reports. I also investigate whether the association between sustainability reporting quality and post‐audit financial reporting quality is conditional on audit effort. Analysis of data drawn from FTSE 350 companies covering 2007 to 2018 indicates that firms that produce high‐quality sustainability reports are significantly and negatively associated with earnings management metrics. More importantly, this association is moderated by audit effort, measured by audit fees, suggesting that sustainability reporting quality reflects factors considered by auditors in their audit risk assessment practices. These results remain robust after several sensitivity analyses. I conclude that firms that devote more resources to producing high‐quality sustainability reports are likely to demonstrate an overall commitment to quality that alleviates auditors' concerns about the opportunistic use of sustainability reporting and reduces business risk, thereby reducing the effort auditors expend to verify financial reports.     

The impact of regulation fair disclosure on earnings management and analyst forecast bias

Regulation Fair Disclosure (FD) has changed the information transfer process in the US securities market. We examine the impact that regulation FD has had on earnings management and analyst forecast bias. First, we examine the accuracy of financial analysts' earnings forecasts in the post-FD period. We find that analysts have become less accurate in forecasting earnings in the post-FD period and tend to overestimate earnings more relative to the pre-FD period. Second, we examine the level of earnings management after the passage of regulation FD and we find that the level of earnings management did not change after the implementation of regulation FD     

Inference of economic truth from financial statements for detecting earnings management: inventory costing methods from an information economics perspective

We introduce uncertainty in the classic inventory costing choice problem to investigate the underlying partitions imposed by two accounting inquiries (processes of generating information): variable costing and absorption costing. In a contemporaneous reporting environment, we show that absorption costing provides a finer partition of the state space compared to variable costing when a firm arbitrarily increases the production level (opportunistic overproduction), and the predetermined fixed overhead rate is adjusted. Grounded in an information economics perspective, the intent of the article is to propose an approach to detect real earnings management by extracting information from financial statements. The resulting managerial biases arising from earnings management are also discussed.