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Do Lender of Last Resort Policies Matter? The Effects of Reconstruction Finance Corporation Assistance to Banks During the Great Depression 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Joseph R. Mason 《Journal of Financial Services Research》2001,20(1):77-95
The paper uses a unique set of Depression-era bank financial data in a two-step system of equations with instrumental variables to estimate the effectiveness of lender of last resort (LOLR) strategies in a survival model with self-selection bias. Decreasing RFC loan collateral requirements over 1932–1933 facilitate the analysis of a relationship between LOLR collateral and survival. The results suggest that the RFC's practice of subordinating depositors' and investors' interests through senior claims on banks' best assets may have caused banks to fail. Although recapitalization after March 1933 helped banks survive the Great Depression, recapitalization is not a typical LOLR strategy. 相似文献
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本文从分析金融危机对美国最后贷款人法律制度影响入手,全面论述了美联储在金融危机中行使最后贷款人职能的基本做法,深入分析了我国最后贷款人法律制度的现状与缺失,对完善我国最后贷款人法律制度从科学界定最后贷款人的法律地位、逐步完善最后贷款人的法律法规、积极实施"模糊"与"透明"相结合的救助规则、注重加强中央银行与监管机构的合作与协调、建立健全被援金融机构的破产机制、切实强化最后贷款人的法律责任等方面进行了初步探讨. 相似文献
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We examine the implications of central bank digital currency (CBDC) for credit supply and financial stability using a monetary general equilibrium model. The introduction of deposits in CBDC account decreases credit supply by banks, raising the nominal interest rate and lowering a bank's reserve-deposit ratio. This increases the likelihood of bank panic in which banks exhaust cash reserves. However, once the central bank can lend all the deposits in CBDC account to banks, an increase in the quantity of CBDC which does not require reserve holdings can enhance financial stability by increasing credit supply and lowering nominal interest rate. 相似文献
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问题银行救助的最后贷款人政策 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
最后贷款人是中央银行化解个别问题银行流动性困难的一个重要措施,也是各国银行完全网的主要组成部分。国际惯例中最后贷款人的前提条件、原则、实施策略,以及如何提高公共资金使用效率、降低道德风险、维护监管当局声誉等问题,对中国人民银行先例最后贷款人的实践是至关重要的亟待解决的关键环节。 相似文献
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ABSTRACTWe show that internal funds play a particular role in the regulation of bank capital, which has not received much attention, yet. A bank's decision on loan supply and capital structure determines its immediate bankruptcy risk as well as the future availability of internal funds. These internal funds in turn determine a bank's future costs of external finance and its future vulnerability to bankruptcy risks. Using a partial equilibrium model, we study how internal funds affect these intra- and intertemporal links. Moreover, our positive analysis identifies the effects of risk-weighted capital-to-asset ratios, liquidity coverage ratios and regulatory margin calls on the dynamics of internal funds and thus loan supply and bank stability. Only regulatory margin calls or large liquidity coverage ratios achieve bank stability for all risk levels, but for large risks a bank will stop credit intermediation. 相似文献
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19世纪至20世纪初,美国不断爆发金融危机,而且呈现出周期性。1913年,作为对1907年金融危机的反应,美国成立了具有其特色的中央银行——美国联邦储备银行(美联储), 寄希望其提供弹性的货币量,有效管理金融危机。然而成立初期的美联储作为最后贷款人(Lender of Last Resort,简称LLR)表现不佳。直到后来,才逐渐成长为成熟的最后贷款人,强有力地应对数次严重的金融事件,为维护美国金融体系的安全发挥了重要的作用。本文对美联储作为最后贷款人的历史经验作了简要的回顾,并分析了美联储的经验对于我国的重要借鉴意义。 相似文献
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从最后贷款人角度再析央行与银监会的监管合作机制 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
信息不对称是导致银行危机的主要原因,也正是由于信息不对称问题的存在,使中央银行有必要作为最后贷款人在危机中提供流动性支持。从中央银行制度的历史变迁来看,银行监管是央行作为最后贷款人,在不对称信息的情况下,为维护自身资产的安全而延伸出来的一项重要职能。央行作为最后贷款人在货币政策和银行监管职能之间,存在着“内部角色冲突”问题,解决这一问题是银监会分设的重要初衷,但分设后却又无法回避“内部角色冲突外部化”的难题。本文从信息不对称和内部角色冲突外部化的角度出发,指出完善央行与银监会的监管合作机制是我国现阶段改进最后贷款人制度的重要方面。 相似文献
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本文对金融市场价格机制的有效性、合理性进行探讨,对法马的有效市场理论、希勒的行为金融理论进行介绍和述评。在此基础上对金融市场价格波动是否需要调节、如何调节、中央银行角色变迁方面提出相关建议。 相似文献
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本文通过对89组跨国数据的实证分析,系统研究了银行集中度和银行体系稳定性之间的关系。实证结果表明,银行集中度和银行稳定性之间的关系并不是过往文献所集中讨论的简单线性关系,而是存在一个最优的银行集中度区间(0.6,0.8],这一区间恰好位于样本均值附近,并向样本均值收敛;而当一国的银行集中度水平处于(0.8,0.9]时,银行体系的稳定性最低,极易发生银行危机。进一步的分析表明,在最优的银行集中度区间内,银行业的产业结构能较好地在适度竞争和盈利之间获得平衡,而隐藏在"最优银行集中度之谜"背后的机制极有可能是"优胜劣汰"这一自然法则在社会经济领域的再现。 相似文献
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当前 ,银行监管职能是否从中央银行分离成为国内外理论界的热门话题。本文从理论角度和现实国情两个方面 ,阐明了当前我国不宜进行银行监管职能从中央银行分离的改革 ,认为我国的当务之急应是如何在现有框架下有效协调银行监管与货币政策的关系问题。 相似文献
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商业银行流动性危机传染机理研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
银行危机传染往往给一个国家或地区的经济带来巨大的损失.不完全的银行间拆借市场中隐含了更大的银行危机传染的可能性;银行间的长期资产越多,银行间拆借的短期利率和银行间存款的长期利率越高,银行间拆借市场就越稳定,在遭受流动性冲击时,这一市场发生银行危机传染的可能性就越小.适量的银行存款对传染效应具有阻碍作用.为防范系统性风险,中国商业银行应逐步建立完备的银行间存款市场,减少政府干预,让市场约束力来强化商业银行的风险管理意识. 相似文献
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Nancy P. Marion 《International Tax and Public Finance》1999,6(4):473-490
There is a sizeable literature on the causes of speculative attacks on fixed exchange rates and a large literature on the determinants of bank runs. Surprisingly, these two literatures rarely overlap, even though both types of crises involve attacks on asset price-fixing schemes. This paper draws a number of parallels between the work on currency crises and the work on banking crises and examines some of the new insights that are coming out of a more integrated approach in the aftermath of the Asian financial crises. 相似文献
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Leonardo Gambacorta 《新兴市场金融与贸易》2016,52(1):70-75
In this article, I try to answer three questions: (1) How do relationship lending and transaction lending vary over the cycle? (2) How do economic systems that are more “bank oriented” perform compared to “market-oriented” systems? (3) What are the consequences on relationship banking of the recent structural bank regulation reforms adopted to separate specific investment and commercial banking activities? Building on some recent evidence, the main conclusions are as follows: (1) Relationship banks protect their clients in normal downturns; (2) when recessions coincide with a financial crisis, countries that rely relatively more on bank financing tend to be more severely hit; (3) the effects of structural bank regulation initiatives on relationship banking are uncertain. 相似文献
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调控流动性过剩问题,是基层人民银行的职责之一。本文系统探讨了基层央行调控流动性过剩政策的传导途径,研究和剖析了影响基层央行调控流动性过剩的成因和诸种障碍,针对性地提出了充分发挥基层央行职能、作用,有效调控流动性过剩问题的政策与建议。 相似文献
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银行业危机:金融泡沫视角的分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
自20世纪80年代以来,银行业危机爆发越显频繁。然而,通过对银行业危机内部形成机理分析可以发现,银行业危机的爆发其实是伴随着金融泡沫的形成与破灭这一过程的。在金融泡沫的形成过程中,银行往往会给一些高风险行业发放贷款,从而增加银行经营风险;而在金融泡沫破灭之后,这将直接或间接地导致银行产生大量的不良贷款,从而使银行业危机最终爆发。因此,我国应尽快化解国有商业银行的不良资产;完善银行微观治理结构;建立和完善金融监管机制。 相似文献