适于零售业采购人员的绩效管理方法——360度反馈评价与教导对谈相结合

360度反馈评价在企业界是非常普遍的,但真正能从中获得绩效改善收益的套业却并不是很多.原因是360度反馈评价并不是适应于所有行业。但经过作者调查研究发现其此较适合于零售业采购人员,通过分析360度反馈评价适于零售业采购人员的原因,并且发现其与教导对谈相结合是零售业采购人员比较有效的绩效管理方法。     

The Role of the Beneficiary in Willingness to Pay for Socially Responsible Products: A Meta-analysis

Many companies have made significant investments in socially responsible production practices for their products. Environmentally safe cleaning products, fair trade coffee, and sustainable seafood are just a few examples. In this paper, we conduct a meta-analysis of over 80 published and unpublished research papers across a large number of product categories to better understand differences in willingness to pay (WTP) for socially responsible products. In particular, we are interested in whether the beneficiary of the social responsibility program—humans, animals, or the environment—affects WTP. We use two dependent variables: the percentage premium people are willing to pay and the proportion of respondents who are willing to pay a positive premium. We find that the mean percentage premium is 16.8 percent and that, on average, 60 percent of respondents are willing to pay a positive premium. Importantly, across both dependent measures, we find that WTP is greater for products where the socially responsible element benefits humans (e.g., labor practices) compared to those that benefit the environment. Implications for retailers, manufacturers, and future research are discussed.     

AHP-Group Decision Making: A Bayesian Approach Based on Mixtures for Group Pattern Identification

This paper proposes a Bayesian estimation procedure to determine the priorities of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) in group decision making when there are a large number of actors and a prior consensus among them is not required. Using a hierarchical Bayesian approach based on mixtures to describe the prior distribution of the priorities in the multiplicative model traditionally used in the stochastic AHP, this methodology allows us to identify homogeneous groups of actors with different patterns of behaviour for the rankings of priorities. The proposed procedure consists of a two-step estimation algorithm: the first step carries out a global exploration of the model space by using birth and death processes, the second concerns a local exploration by means of Gibbs sampling. The methodology has been illustrated by the analysis of a case study adapted from a real experiment on e-democracy developed for the City Council of Zaragoza (Spain). Partially funded under the research project Electronic Government. Internet-based Complex Decision Making: e-democracy and e-cognocracy (Ref. PM2004-052) approved by the Regional Government of Aragon (Spain) as part of the multi-disciplinary projects programme.     

服务互动的不同类型对交叉购买的影响——基于信任维度的视角

本文在对交叉购买的研究中,以不同信任维度为中介变量,研究不同类型服务互动对交叉购买产生的影响.结果表明,不同信任维度下交叉购买的前置因素影响交叉购买的中介效应是不同的;并且,本文从过程角度出发,以服务互动作为交叉购买的前因,研究不同类型服务互动基于不同信任维度对交叉购买的影响.企业在今后的生存发展中应注重提升企业服务互动质量,促进形成顾客对企业的认知型信任,并进一步形成顾客的情感型信任.     

On dynamic selection of households for direct marketing based on Markov chain models with memory

A simple, dynamic selection procedure is proposed, based on conditional, expected profits using Markov chain models with memory. The method is easy to apply, only frequencies and mean values have to be calculated or estimated. The method is empirically illustrated using a data set from a charitable foundation. The results reveal some interesting features with respect to the time-dependent behavior of certain subsets of households, whereas the profitability increases by about 9% by using the method compared to a benchmark of sending a mailing to all households.     

Consumers' Perception and Evaluation of Fresh Cut Buying Attributes: A Survey on the Italian Market

Abstract

During the last twenty years, consumer choice in high income countries is no longer merely dictated by price and the organoleptic characteristics of a product, but also by other features some of which are not patently tangible. The growing importance of such attributes in the process of consumer choice is not only due to income increase, but also to changes in lifestyle such as migrations from the countryside, a generalized urbanization and consequential city life style, female emancipation and work outside the domestic walls for women, the drastic decrease in hard physical labor and the process of internationalization. The present survey study aims to explore the importance that Italian consumers give to fresh cut buying attributes and which of these attributes should be taken into consideration by industries in order to satisfy the needs of the most critical shoppers. Where possible, market and survey data for fresh cut products will be compared with those for cooked products and before presenting the results and conclusions of the study, the technical issues of processing will be highlighted owing to the fact that they affect the marketing of these products, the recent market situation with regard to consumption will be illustrated and the methodology used will be described.     

城际消费流的边界效应研究——以长江中游城市群为例

消费对于经济增长的促进作用日趋增强,然而消费在空间上却存在明显的分割现象。基于长江中游城市群的银联刷卡消费数据,本文首次研究了城市消费及其跨界流动的态势,并通过建立影响消费的边界效应模型对消费的空间分割现象进行分析。研究发现,从省级尺度来看,省际边界对城市消费具有显著影响,即对城际消费流具有消极的屏障效应,而对城市本地消费则为保护效应;从市级尺度来看,城市边界兼具中介效应和屏障效应,具有地区异质性,约有一半城市的边界对城际消费流具有积极的中介效应。省级和市级尺度边界效应的背离,使得长江中游城市群的消费最终受到省际边界屏障效应的影响而出现空间分割。因此,为了减小区域边界的屏障效应,需要加强省级与市级政府的协商,在政策管理上达成一致;同时更要加强省际的沟通协作,促进区域消费的发展和互利共赢局面的实现。     

我国财政支出与国内需求关系检验——基于Bootstrap仿真方法的实证分析

当使用小样本数据时,利用传统渐进理论进行统计推断的正确性和可靠性值得怀疑.本文采用1978-2009年的时间序列数据,采用适用于小样本的Bootstrap仿真方法,实证检验了我国政府财政支出及其结构与国内需求之间的关系.研究发现政府财政支出对国内需求增长的作用明显,其中基本建设支出明显带动了民间投资,民生消费支出有效拉动了居民消费.     

Why sales reps should welcome information technology: Measuring the impact of CRM-based IT on sales effectiveness

This study seeks to answer the following question: Can sales representatives enhance their performance through their acceptance of information technology (IT) tools? Using data collected from two companies, we show that despite uncertain results and the frequent resistance among salespeople to IT interventions, IT acceptance indeed has a positive effect on sales performance. This occurs because salespeople using IT expand their knowledge and, in turn, gain improved targeting abilities, enhanced presentation skills, and increased call productivity. Thus, sales representatives have a strong incentive to accept IT because doing so is likely to sharpen their own job performance.     

On the (Re)Construction of Corruption in the Media: A Critical Discursive Approach

Although corruption has become a hot topic in organizational research, few studies have examined how it is socially constructed. To partially bridge this gap, the present paper takes a critical discursive perspective on the representation of corruption in the media. The empirical focus is on the media coverage of a corruption scandal that revolved around two instances of formal corruption charges and successive acquittals. Based on the analysis, the paper exemplifies how the media makes sense of and gives sense to controversial activities in response to changing and at times contradictory information. In particular, the paper highlights interplay between four dominant discourses—transgression, political, public scapegoating, and individualistic—that that were mobilized throughout the media coverage. These discourses were intimately linked with wider dynamics between problematizing and restorative media framings and thus provided crucial means of reconstructing and reformulating the (il)legitimacy of the reported activities throughout the scandal. While the findings are context specific, this study suggests that similar interplay and dynamics are important aspects of media sensemaking around controversial activities related to corruption.     

县域金融对经济增长的影响机理——基于DEA方法的前沿分析

本文使用全国县域经济金融数据,以GDP和城镇化率为产出变量,运用DEA方法分析了县域金融对经济增长的有效前沿。研究发现,金融影响经济增长的作用机理主要是通过贷款、金融密度和贷款质量等变量实现的;具体到不同区域,由于当地经济政策、金融制度、资源禀赋以及金融生态等外部环境不同,其作用发挥的程度又表现出一定的差异性。根据实证结果的内在涵义,本文提出了加快县域经济增长的建议。     

中央银行最优目标下的均衡汇率区间研究——基于资本项目开放度约束

合理的均衡汇率不仅要考虑基本面的因素,更要与中央银行的货币政策最优目标相一致。基于开放经济模型,本文引入资本项目开放度的约束,在最优化中央银行福利函数的基础上得到人民币均衡汇率表达关系式。由于中央银行在通货膨胀目标与经济增长目标权重分配的外生性,合理的均衡汇率将以区间的形式存在。通过分析1999.3-2019.9的实际有效汇率与均衡汇率区间,发现:(1)中央银行货币政策目标权重的分配影响均衡汇率区间的边界;(2)滞后的资本项目开放导致汇率失衡,且不会被"汇改"和货币政策目标权重变化扭转;(3)过早的资本项目开放也会导致汇率失衡,但随着经济基本面增长和汇率制度完善,汇率逐渐向均衡汇率区间均值处收敛;(4)资本项目渐进式开放既有助于汇率合理均衡,也有助于提高央行货币政策目标调控区间和自主性。     

在线拍卖数据价格敏感度量化实证研究

近年来,以C2C为主要形式的中国网络购物发展迅速,价格成为影响网上消费者购物决策行为的主要因素之一,如何对消费者价格敏感度进行量化逐渐成为关注的焦点。以淘宝网一口价数据为样本,实证研究了网购用户价格敏感度的量化问题,进行了商品价格与信用度偏相关分析,旨在为商品定价提供了建议。     

基于实物期权方法的FDI时机问题研究

在回顾基于实物期权方法的FDI时机问题研究的基础上,借助"两维思考"的分析方法研究了不确定环境下FDI时机决策问题.研究表明:当考虑期权的时间效应和管理的努力因素、战略博弈和产业竞争、FDI的多阶段和规模可扩张性以及FDI战略的相对优势时,不确定性会给跨国公司的FDI带来灵活处置的权力和价值创造的机会,促成FDI尽早实现.     

地方政府基本公共服务供给效率及其影响因素实证分析——基于修正的DEA两步法

基于修正的DEA两步法,核算并解释中国大陆省级政府基本公共服务供给效率,结果表明:大多数省份的基本公共服务供给效率仍有较大的提升空间,且各省之间存在显著差异。财政自主权对地方政府基本公共服务供给效率具有显著的正效应,人口密度、人均GDP等外生环境因素具有显著的负向影响,而辖区内居民教育程度的影响不明显。     

A Model for Fair Trade Buying Behaviour: The Role of Perceived Quantity and Quality of Information and of Product-specific Attitudes

In a sample of 615 Belgians a model for fair trade buying behaviour was developed. The impact of fair trade knowledge, general attitudes towards fair trade, attitudes towards fair trade products, and the perception of the quality and quantity of fair trade information on the reported amount of money spent on fair trade products were assessed. Fair trade knowledge, overall concern and scepticism towards fair trade, and the perception of the perceived quantity and quality of fair trade information, influence buying behaviour directly and indirectly through product attitudes. Interest in fair trade products, price acceptability and product liking have a significant impact on fair trade buying behaviour. Product interest is the most important variable influencing buying behaviour. Implications for the campaigns of governments and for the marketing strategy of fair trade organisations are offered.     

Impacts of Trade Liberalisation Commitments on the Vietnamese Economy: A CGE Approach

This article quantifies the economic effects of tariff reduction following Vietnam's WTO accession. It differs from previous studies in several aspects. First, the model incorporates non‐standard features of the Vietnamese economy (e.g. changes in the domestic tax system). Second, the model divides Vietnamese households into 10 groups, allowing for the assessment of household welfare and income distribution. Third, the model has been run employing the most up‐to‐date database available. The major findings are summarised as follows. First, Vietnam as a whole would benefit from trade liberalisation. Second, the overall gain would be accompanied by a redistribution of income and a moderate increase in inequality between the rich and the poor. Third, concerning sectoral output, export‐oriented sectors, sectors with large shares of input in total imports, and those with increased domestic demands are likely to expand, whereas, in contrast, domestic‐oriented sectors are likely to contract. Measures to increase labour mobility, target disadvantaged groups and areas, and further liberalise service sectors are recommended as the recipe for effective utilisation of integration, as well as a more equitable pattern of growth.     

基于可行能力理论的福利测度实证研究述评

经济发展与福利缺失长期并存的社会现实反映了传统的经济福利测度方法无法准确度量社会福利水平。可行能力理论为社会福利测度提供了新的视角,国内外学者也在此基础上展开了大量研究,主要集中在基于可行能力理论度量福利水平的适用性研究和以不同地区、不同群体为对象展开的应用性研究,但在研究对象的选取、福利测度的功能性活动范畴和福利水平的异质性因素分析等方面仍存在不足。     

结构性进入壁垒与行政性进入壁垒——基于租金分析范式的理解

本文基于租金分析范式将市场进入壁垒分为内生的结构性壁垒和外生的行政性壁垒,并进一步将后者分为能给在位企业带来额外收益的第Ⅰ类行政性进入壁垒和对企业施加了额外成本的第Ⅱ类行政性进入壁垒.企业寻求市场内生性的结构性进入壁垒会产生出有效产出,而寻求或者规避外生性的行政性进入壁垒则会导致与效率目标相冲突的逆向激励.