高新技术产品出口对中国经济增长的拉动效应及外溢分析

本文从在当今世界贸易中占有重要地位的高新技术产品出口的角度出发,以中国各省市的数据为基础。将Feder模型拓展为四部门,即非出口部门、初级产品出口部门、工业制成品中非高新技术产品出口部门扣高新技术产品出口部门,并且通过东部与中西部比较来考察高新技术产品出口对中国经济的拉动效应和技术外溢作用。实证结果表明,高新技术产品出口对东部经济拉动效应已经很显著而对中西部则不明显,从外溢角度来看,其对东部非出口部门外溢效应很微弱,仅仅为0.07。而对中西部则基本上还没有外溢效应。     

中国７年高新产品出口增长近８倍 等

自１９９９年实施"科技兴贸"战略以来,中国高新技术产品出口额增长近８倍,占全国外贸出口比重提高了１７．６个百分点。高新技术产品成为中国外贸出口新的增长点。 　　科技兴贸战略的实施,有力地促进了中国高新技术产品出口。"十五"期间,中国高新技术产品出口年均增长４３％,高出全国外贸出口增幅１８个百分点。２００５年中国高新技术产品出口２１８３亿美元,比１９９９年增长了近８倍。实施科技兴贸战略前的１９９８年,高新技术产品出口占全国外贸出口比重为１１％,２００５年达到２８．６％,今年前５个月又提高到近３０％。     

知识产权贸易壁垒对我国高新技术产品出口企业的影响及策略

我国入世以来,知识产权贸易壁垒已成为影响高新技术产品出口的重要因素,对我国高新技术产品出口企业的出口贸易影响深远。本文从近年来高新技术出口企业遭遇知识产权贸易壁垒的现状着手,收集整理数据,通过分析知识产权贸易壁垒对我国高技术产品出口企业的短期及长期影响,进一步从企业层面提出相关对策建议,为高新技术产业突破知识产权贸易壁垒提供一定参考。     

R&D投入对广东高新技术产品出口影响分析

本文主要运用协整分析方法,以广东省R&D投入为自变量,以高新技术产品出口销售收入为因变量,选取1991～2007的数据对他们之间的关系进行了协整分析,结果表明:广东省R&D投入与高新技术产品出口销售收入存在着长期稳定的动态均衡关系,并且R&D经费支出是引起广东省高新技术产品出口销售收入增长的Granger原因,然后根据研究结论对于促进科技经费投入效率,推动广东高新技术产品出口销售提出了几点建议。     

我国高新技术产品出口的发展模式分析

本文在分析我国高新技术产品出口发展现状的基础上,指出推动我国高新技术产品出口的动力所在及其发展模式,并剖析这种发展模式的缺陷。文章最后强调要从根本上促进我国高新技术产品出口和增强其竞争力,就必须对当前的发展模式进行调整,并提出相应的调整思路。     

FDI对福建省高新技术产品出口竞争力影响的实证分析——基于阿尔蒙多项式分布滞后模型的研究

研究福建实际利用外资对福建高新技术产品出口竞争力的影响,采用阿尔蒙多项式分布滞后模型进行模拟。模型结果表明,FDI对福建省高新技术产品出口竞争力的影响弹性先上升后衰减。整体而言,FDI每增加一个百分点,福建高技术产品的出口竞争力指数将会提升1.09980个百分点。最后为福建怎样利用外资提高高新技术产品出口竞争力提出建议。     

技术贸易，一个被忽视的问题

2004年,尽管中国工业制成品出口占出口总额的比重已经超过90%, 但高新技术产品出口仅占27%,而贸易强国的这一比重达40%以上, 例如美国的高新技术产品出口比例为44%,荷兰是44%,日本是39%, 新加坡是72%。数据表明——     

湖南高新技术产业发展现状及产品出口战略选择

近几年来湖南高新技术产业发展迅速，2003年全省高新技术产业总产值达到956．35亿元，是1998年的4．27倍，对经济增长的贡献率达到20．1％；高新技术产品出口6．19亿美元，占总出口额的28.86％。湖南属中部欠发达地区，在中部地区具有代表性。因此，通过分析湖南高新技术产业及产品出口情况，研究其发展及出口战略模式，对于促进湖南乃至中部地区高新技术产业发展及产品出口具有重要意义。     

技术贸易壁垒对深圳市高新技术产业的影响和对策

近年来，深圳外贸出口的一个重要结构性特征是：机电产品和高新技术产品出口快速增长。2000年，以IT产品为主的高新技术产品出口已达66．33亿美元，占全市出口总额比重的19．2％，2003年，高新技术产品出口达251．55亿美元，占出口总值的40％。随着深圳市高新技术产业对加工贸易的依赖程度不断降低，技术贸易壁垒(Technical Barrier of Trade，TBT)正逐渐成为深     

天津市高新技术产品出口的发展及其战略提升

2003年天津高新技术产品出口额1103．2亿美元，天津高新技术产品实现出口57．9亿美元，占国内高新技术产品出口额的5．3％，出口规模列全国科技兴贸重点城市的第四位。然而高新技术产品出口结构性矛盾，企业技术创新能力较差，高新产品出口缺乏国际竞争力．一般贸易高新技术产品出口比重偏低和高新技术产品出口支撑点单一等问题共同制约着高新区和企业的进一步发展。     

Impact of temporary trade barriers: Evidence from China

With a decrease in tariffs around the world, temporary trade barriers (TTBs) have increased dramatically to take their place. These TTBs are usually in the form of antidumping duties, countervailing duties and global safeguards. Recently, an increasing number of these TTBs have been targeted towards China. In this paper, I explore the impact of the US temporary trade barriers (TTBs) on Chinese exports. Using detailed product level data for the period 2002–2008, I find robust evidence of trade deflection i.e. the US trade barriers against China led to an increase in the growth of Chinese exports to other countries. However, I do not find any evidence of trade depression. The results are robust to a wide variety of specification and robustness tests. While I do not find any difference in the impact of TTBs across developed and developing countries, there is considerable heterogeneity in response to TTBs depending on the type of products involved. Specifically, I find that, while the US TTBs on non-steel products lead to an increase in Chinese exports of those products to third markets, there is a significant chilling effect in case of steel. Finally, most of the trade-deflection seems to be along the intensive margins i.e. an increase in exports to the existing third country markets rather than exports to new markets. If anything, the US TTBs on China seem to decrease Chinese exports to newer and more volatile markets.     

Do Chinese and Korean products compete in the Japanese market? An investigation of machinery exports

The purpose of this paper is to examine whether and to what extent Chinese and Korean products in the machinery industry compete with each other in the Japanese market. Empirical tests of panel data of 16 machinery products from 2000Q1 to 2012Q2 show that a decrease in the unit prices of Chinese exports leads to a decrease in the demand for Korean exports. In contrast, a decrease in the unit prices of Korean exports does not lead to a decrease in the demand for Chinese exports. In addition, lagged Chinese prices have bigger impacts on current Korean prices than lagged Korean prices on current Chinese prices. Simulation experiments investigating the impacts of a change in exchange rates on the Chinese and Korean export volumes also confirm that the Korean variables do not affect the Chinese export volume as much as the Chinese variables affect the Korean export volume. Overall, the findings in the present paper indicate that China has already emerged as a formidable competitor to Korea in the Japanese machinery market.     

中国制造业出口贸易的技术结构分布及其国际比较

借鉴Lall(2000)及OECD(2008)的方法,利用1995～2006年三位数《标准国际贸易分类》数据,本文分析了中国制造业出口贸易的技术结构分布,并与世界主要国家和地区进行了比较。研究发现:(1)从贸易统计上看,中国制造业出口的技术结构已经由低技术制造业转向了高技术制造业。(2)与日本、美国和德国等世界主要发达国家以汽车、化工和机械等中技术制成品出口为主不同,中国的出口主要集中在低技术制成品和高技术制成品,其中低技术制成品以纺织、皮革和鞋类为主,而高技术制成品则以信息和通信技术产品为主。(3)中国出口贸易的技术结构与发展中经济体更为相似,特别是向亚洲新兴工业经济体不断趋同;与发达经济体的差异虽然较大,但正迅速向其趋同。由于中国高技术产品的出口贸易主要依靠外资企业和加工贸易,中国出口贸易的技术结构分布和贸易竞争力可能被夸大了。     

中国仅仅是制造大国吗——基于出口增加值测算角度

文章从出口增加值测算角度,对1995-2011年中国出口中的制造和服务含量进行分析。结果表明:（1）中国服务出口总值基本赶上甚至一度超越了制造出口总值,中国同样也是"服务大国",其中由制造业间接出口的服务含量超过了由服务业直接出口的服务含量;（2）中国服务出口的国内增值能力弱于制造出口,日本、韩国、美国、中国台湾、德国等发达国家或地区是中国出口价值的主要外部来源地,中国本土的制造和服务在全球化分工中需要实现自我提升;（3）中国产品在主要进口市场所占份额整体上呈现出上升趋势,相比国际服务市场,中国产品在国际制造市场上拥有更大的覆盖面和影响力。文章的研究为制造和服务产业融合发展提供了新的理论和数据支撑。     

全球华人网络的出口贸易效应及其影响机制研究

文章利用全球131个国家(或地区)的华人网络和贸易数据,考察了华人网络对国家之间出口贸易的影响,通过区分华人网络中的直接联系与间接联系,检验了移民偏好机制和移民信息机制的有效性。研究结果表明:华人网络不仅会通过直接联系促进中国对海外华人所在国出口贸易的增长,而且会通过间接联系带动海外华人所在国之间出口贸易规模的扩大;移民信息机制是华人网络促进国家之间出口贸易增长的主要机制,但是,华人网络会同时通过移民信息机制和移民偏好机制促进差异化商品和资本品出口贸易增长。进一步的研究发现,发达国家移民网络的出口贸易创造效应普遍高于发展中国家,华人网络的出口贸易创造效应明显高于其他发展中国家。因此,中国不仅要重视海外华人在促进中国出口发展中的重要作用,而且要积极地引进国际人才特别是来自发达国家的国际人才,通过参与其他国家的移民网络构建中国与世界各国的联系,促进中国出口贸易稳定增长。     

Has China displaced other Asian countries' exports?

This paper uses gravity modelling to explore whether and how the growth of China's exports is displacing exports of other Asian countries to third markets over the period 1990–2003. Chinese exports are defined both narrowly and more broadly to include exports from Hong Kong. We investigate whether the displacement effect on Asian exports differs when exports from Hong Kong and China are combined compared to the narrow case of Chinese exports only. Aggregate and disaggregated analyses are undertaken. In the latter, we explore whether the displacement effect varies across Asian countries and in trade with different types of countries. We find evidence of a displacement effect which is more pronounced in developed markets and stronger for Hong Kong and China combined. Further it is the high income Asian exporters that experienced a greater displacement effect. We also investigate whether China's development has generated any offsetting effects on its neighbours' exports to China itself and find that Chinese growth has indeed increased China's imports from the Asian countries in the sample and in particular from Japan and Korea.     

宁波高新技术产品出口与出口贸易关系的协整分析

本文引用协整分析和Granger因果检验法,利用宁波1995～2004年的年度数据检验了宁波对外贸易与经济增长协整关系和因果关系,实证结果表明:宁波高新技术产品出口与出口贸易之间存在唯一的协整关系,而且两者之间存在着互为因果的反馈性关系。     

Exchange Rate Pass‐through to China's Export Price: A Product‐level Investigation

Exchange rate movement usually results in changes in the production costs of exporting firms, and, therefore, the prices and the quantity of traded products. The present paper constructs a theoretical model to demonstrate that export products with higher productivity, or with larger market share, or of higher quality will experience a less complete pass‐through. Using the six‐digit harmonized system export data from the CEPII database over the period of 2000 to 2013, the present paper examines how product heterogeneity affects the exchange rate pass‐through of Chinese exports. The empirical results show that the most competitive Chinese export products, or those least affected by exchange rate risks, are those of higher quality, with higher technological complexity and at the high end of the international value chain. Therefore, Chinese exporting firms should pay more attention to improving export quality and upgrading technology to better cope with exchange rate risks and to enjoy more bargaining power in the international market.     

Product-destination Portfolio and Dynamics by Firm Ownership and Trade Mode： Evidence from Chinese Industrial Exporters

Using matched firm‐level trade and production data over the period 2000–2006, we study the product‐destination portfolio and dynamics of Chinese industrial exporters and make a thorough comparison among four types of firms and between two kinds of trade modes. We find that ownership structure and trading modes do matter to the destination and product mix choices of Chinese industrial exporters. In particular, foreign firms' exports and processing trade tend to be more destination‐specific and products are more specialized. Therefore, foreign firms are more likely to maintain a particular link within a specific global supply chain.     

对安徽省高新技术产业发展的思考

阐述了安徽省高新技术产业发展取得的主要成就,剖析了安徽省高新技术产业发展存在的主要问题,并根据问题产生的原因,针对性地提出了解决问题的对策建议,以期能对促进安徽省高新技术产业进一步发展有所裨益。