上海市税收与GDP关系的实证分析

本文通过对上海市税收收入（TAX）和国内生产总值（GDP）这两个变量进行协整关系检验，证明了二者不存在长期稳定的协整关系；再通过Granger因果关系检验，证明二者之间存在税收收入对GDP的单向因果关系，即上海市的税收收入是GDP变化的原因，但是反过来，GDP却不是税收收入变化的原因；最后是结论和政策建议。     

广州市房地产价格变动与区域经济指标关系的实证研究

基于广州市2000年1季度～2007年2季度的季度数据,本文运用协整方法、Granger检验对广州市房地产销售价格指数与地区GDP、人均可支配收入水平等区域经济指标之间的长期均衡关系和因果关系进行了实证分析。实证结果表明,房地产销售价格指数与地区GDP、人均可支配收入水平之间存在长期稳定的动态均衡关系;同时地区GDP与房地产价格之间具有双向因果关系,二者互相促进。     

中国能源消费与GDP因果关系的实证研究——基于结构变化、技术进步视角

文章运用协整理论和Granger因果关系检验方法,对1953-2006年中国能源消费总量、经济增长、产业结构、技术进步间的协整关系和因果关系进行了实证研究。研究发现：中国能源消费总量、经济增长、产业结构、技术进步之间存在着长期的均衡关系,Chow检验结果表明1978年的因果关系没有发生变化。向量误差修正模型（VECM）的Granger因果关系检验结果表明：在长期内,存在从能源消费到经济增长的双向因果关系;而在短期内,只存在GDP到能源消费的单向因果关系。     

山东省能源消费与经济增长的因果关系研究

利用计量经济学中的时间序列平稳性检验、协整检验、误差修正模型和Granger因果关系检验建立统计模型,对山东省1985-2009年经济增长与能源消费之间的关系进行了实证分析。结果显示:山东省能源消费总量与经济增长、煤炭消费与经济增长之间存在长期协整关系,并且存在从能源消费总量到经济增长的单项因果关系和从煤炭消费到经济增长的单项因果关系;石油消费与经济增长之间没有协整关系。结论为解决山东省能源消费与经济增长中存在的问题提供了科学依据。     

FDI与苏北地区经济增长关系的实证分析

本文依据协整检验和格兰杰因果检验的相关理论,利用1992～2009年江苏省苏北地区的经济数据,实证检验了FDI与苏北地区经济增长之间的关系。研究结果表明,FDI与GDP存在长期稳定的均衡关系,在短期,FDI和GDP互为Granger原因,而在长期,存在着FDI到GDP的单向因果关系。     

四川省对外贸易与经济增长的实证分析

为了研究四川省对外贸易与经济增长之间的关系,文章利用了四川省1979-2008年的统计数据,采用计量经济学中的单位根检验、协整理论和Granger的因果关系检验等方法对贸易和经济增长量进行分析.分析结果表明:对外贸易量和经济增长之间存在长期的协整关系;进口对GDP具有促进作用;而出口则对GDP增长影响不显著.     

四川省对外贸易与经济增长的实证分析

为了研究四川省对外贸易与经济增长之间的关系,文章利用了四川省1979-2008年的统计数据,采用计量经济学中的单位根检验、协整理论和Granger的因果关系检验等方法对贸易和经济增长量进行分析。分析结果表明：对外贸易量和经济增长之间存在长期的协整关系;进口对GDP具有促进作用;而出口则对GDP增长影响不显著。     

十四大以来我国高等教育发展经济效应的实证研究

文章运用单位根．Johansen协整检验和格兰杰因果关系检验实证检验了十四大以来我国高等教育发展的经济效应，结论认为：Johansen协整检验结果显示高等教育发展与经济增长之间呈现长期协整关系；格兰杰因果关系检验结果进一步得出，高等教育经费、金融发展水平与经济增长之间是双向因果关系，而在校学生人数和专任教师数与经济增长之间只是单向因果关系。本研究结论将对我国高等教育未来的改革与发展具有重要的启示意义。     

中国能源消费与GDP关系实证分析

能源问题在国家经济体制中占据着举足轻重的地位,对中国能源消费与GDP关系进行研究是重要并且必要的。文章运用协整理论和Granger因果检验对我国1978~2014年间GDP和能源消费总量以及能源各构成部分消费总量之间关系进行实证分析。研究结果表明GDP与能源消费总量、石油消费总量、天然气消费总量存在协整关系,并进一步构建了协整模型和误差修正模型。而GDP与煤炭消费总量,水电、核电、风电消费总量不存在协整关系。存在从GDP到能源消费总量,石油消费总量,天然气消费总量,水电、核电、风电消费总量的单向Granger因果关系。     

内蒙古农村信贷与经济增长关系的实证研究——基于1978～2009年内蒙古自治区数据的分析

本文基于1978～2009年内蒙古自治区农村人均贷款和农村人均GDP的数据,首先,分析了改革开放以来二者的变动趋势,发现二者都呈现"缓慢增长———波动增长———快速增长"的变动趋势;其次,运用协整检验证实二者之间存在长期均衡关系;再次,协整检验和误差修正模型结果表明长期和短期内农村人均贷款与农村人均GDP的关系均为正相关,弹性系数分别为1.30%和17.20%,当短期波动偏离长期波动时,误差修正项将以13.09%作用力做反向调整,促使非均衡状态恢复到均衡状态;最后,格兰杰因果关系检验表明内蒙古农村人均GDP产出和农村人均贷款额之间互为因果关系。     

On the Major Transformation of the Asia-Pacific Regional Structure北大核心CSSCISSCI

Recent years have witnessedsignificant changes in the Asia-Pacific regionalstructure featuring the shift in power balance among related countries as well as adjust-ments in their respective regional strategies. So what is the prevailing trend in thistransformation and what kind of regional order will likely emerge in the future？ To an-swer these questions, the paper tries to explore the following dimensions： the evolvingregional context, shift in power balance and power conversion, geo-political and geo-e-conomic developments and interactions between them, and evolving regional order. Asthe study shows, the broadening of regional geographical scope, the rise in the numberof actors involved, as well as changesin the relations among them, have combined tocast a pluralistic and complex flavor to the regional structure. While the power balanceamong China, the United States and Japan shifts, and power conversion is also occur-ring. China and Japan are paying increasing attention to their security roles, whereasthe United States under the Obama administration laid more stress on expanding itsgeo-economic clout. In spite of the intensifying geopolitical competition among China,the United States and Japan in recent years, a Sino-US strategic compromise-whichholds the key to regional geopolitics-isother front, some kind of geo-economicmore likely to take place in the future. On thecooperation will probably emerge. In the longerterm, it will be the geo-economic trend thatwill prevail over the geopolitical trend inthe region. Finally, the future evolution of regional order wiI1 mainly follow the eco-nomic logic, accompanied by the dilutionof its hegemonic and hierarchical nature.Hence, a pluralistic and complex regional community will emerge.     

Organization and incentives in the age of sail

The British Navy in the age of sail was the most successful bureaucracy of its time. Its organization and incentive structures differed importantly from contemporaneous private sailing ventures, but closely resembled those of today’s large corporations. To induce efficient effort, the navy used a hierarchical tournament, in which sailors competed for higher pay that came with promotions based on relative performance. Promotion probabilities, the option value of future promotions, and the higher effort required of men in higher ranks and on larger vessels, combined to yield a highly skewed pay structure.     

The German Hanse and Bergen – new perspectives on an old subject

Abstract

The Hanseatic League and her kontors (trading posts) were an integral part of the medieval trade system in Northern Europe. Hanse merchants dominated many markets in this region and managed to maintain a monopoly-like role in towns like Novgorod and Bergen for many centuries. Consequently, one focus of historical research about the Hanseatic League lay on the mechanisms that enabled the Hanse merchants to keep that strong of a position for such a long time.

This article is part of the discussion about this topic. Based on Lübeck merchants with business interest in the Norwegian town of Bergen, the so-called Bergenfahrers (Bergen travellers), it will give new insights into the Hansards' economical and social organization. The three main points are (a) the integration of the Bergen market in the Hanseatic trade network as an intermediary trading place on the vivid East–West route of Hanse trade; (b) the importance of the Bergenfahrers within the Hanse merchants' economical, social and political networks; and (c) the structure of the Bergenfahrers network patterns in the late Middle Ages.

In addition to new insights into the important role of Bergen and the Bergenfahrers within Lübeck's and the other Wendish Hanse towns' trading system, this articles provides further proof for the usefulness of the methods of Social Network Analysis in medieval economic research.     

Financial Reporting and Trade Credit: Evidence from Mandatory IFRS Adoption*

We investigate the effect of mandatory IFRS adoption on trade credit. We document that firms in countries that adopt IFRS receive more trade credit from their suppliers, consistent with improved financial reporting quality and comparability playing a role in facilitating informal financing. This increase is larger for countries with a low level of societal trust, a poor pre‐IFRS‐adoption information environment, and stronger legal enforcement. These cross‐sectional results suggest that the conditions under which higher‐quality information is made publicly available affect suppliers' decisions to provide trade credit. This increase is also larger for firms with greater exposure to foreign markets, a finding that highlights the importance of more comparable international financial reporting standards in facilitating cross‐country trade credit. We also find that IFRS adoption has a stronger positive effect on trade credit for firms with greater liquidity needs. Finally, we find that firms in countries that adopt IFRS also extend more trade credit to their customers. Overall, our results support the notion that financial reporting can have a causal effect on trade credit.     

区域工业产业竞争力指标体系的构建及其评价方法研究

文章通过建立省级区域工业产业竞争力评价指标体系,设计竞争力模型,利用SPSS统计软件,对各省工业产业竞争力进行了评价测定。     

Penetration and Post-infection Development of Meloidogyne Incognita on Tobacco as Treated by Rhizobacteria Pseudomonas Fluorescens Strain P-72-10

The bio-control potential of rhizospere bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens against plant-parasite nematode had been demonstrated. P. fluorescens had shown the effect to enhance tobacco resistance to root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Inoculation with P. fluoreseens in tobacco could lead to significant reductions in the number of juveniles that penetrated tobacco root and further life stage development of the juveniles. The number of juveniles penetrated into tobac- co root in treatment with P. fluorescens is significantly different from CK at 2DAI, 6DAI, 8DAI and 10DAI. Significant reduction and delayed development of juveniles that penetrated into tobacco root and treated were observed in treatment at 14DAI, 21DAI, 28DAI and 35DAI. In addition, P. fluoreseens treatment leads to a significant reduction in the number of eggs per egg-mass at 35 DAI. The results show P. fluorescens induced a continuously suppression on root-knot nema- tode M. incognita throughout their entire early infection phase of root penetration, subsequent life stage development and reproduction.     

文化传播中电视暴力对青少年侵犯行为的影响

伴随当代传媒产业的蓬勃发展,暴力也成为影视艺术基本的叙事类型及消费主义文化日趋盛行的现实语境。＂电视暴力＂是作为＂媒介暴力＂的一个子概念存在的;从文化传播看电视暴力,其覆盖面大,且易于接触;电视暴力对受众特别是青少年的影响巨大而深刻。要从制作者、传播者和观众三个方面的自律出发,建立适应我国国情的影视分级制。