连云港市化工危险废物处置对策优化研究

危险废物产生、处置、综合利用的真实情况是危险废物管理的基础,本文结合单位在本市危险废物处置的工作实践,指出了危险废物处置及管理中存在的问题,并提出优化建议。     

危险废物管理工作中调查方法、存在问题及优化对策分析

危险废物产生、处置、综合利用的真实情况是危险废物管理的基础,本文结合单位在本市危险废物调查的工作实践,指出了危险废物管理中普遍存在的问题,并提出优化建议。     

Illegal waste disposal: Enforcement actions and decentralized environmental policy

Environmental non-compliance is affected by the decentralized shaping of environmental policy by local governments and enforcement actions by public bodies. Illegal waste disposal is examined in a relevant national case, by means of an original regionally disaggregated panel dataset for Italy, a country which witnesses heterogeneous environmental performances across regions and a decentralized policy system. Our empirical analysis produces two main insights of strong policy interest. First, commitment to a more stringent waste policy tends to increase illegal disposal of waste. Second, a nonlinear bell shaped relationship exists between the number of inspections and the quantity of illegal disposal. The key message is that deterrence might only result after a relatively high level of controls is implemented.     

上海某环保企业危险废物信息管理系统设计

针对危险废物管理中企业对信息化发展的需要,使用过程建模技术建立管理系统。该系统可以将危险废物产生、运输、贮存、处置全过程进行数据监管,具有数据一致性、较强的可追溯性以及具有界面友好、操作方便、实用性强等技术特点。     

Locating Hazardous Waste Facilities: The Influence of NIMBY Beliefs

A bstract . The'Not-In-My-Backyard' (NIMBY) syndrome is analyzed in economic decision making. Belief statements that reflect specific NIMBY concerns are subjected to factor analysis and the structure reveals two dimensions: tolerance and avoidance. Tolerance reflects an acceptance of rational economic arguments regarding the sitting of a hazardous waste facility and avoidance reflects a more personal fear of-consequences. Analysis identifies demographic characteristics of individuals likely to exhibit these two beliefs. These beliefs also are shown to influence the acceptance of a hazardous waste disposal facility in ones neighborhood when compensation is offered.     

中国电石法PVC工业共生网络模型案例分析与比较

由于电石法生产PVC树脂(Polyvinyl chloride)的能源和资源消耗量大,并产生大量具有较大危害的废弃物,带来资源、环境和生态问题,所以中国很多电石法PVC企业寻求与其它企业进行副产品和废弃物的交换利用,形成工业共生网络,以解决资源、环境和生态问题。本文结合工业共生网络在中国电石法PVC树脂工业中的应用实践,构建了中国电石法PVC树脂工业四种工业共生网络模型:主导型、平等型、混合型和虚拟型,分析与比较了各自模型的主要特点、优缺点、适用性、资源节约、副产物利用、废弃物处理等,并提出了这四种模型的适用范围和发展方向。     

我国城市生活垃圾管制政策的实践回顾——主题演变和简要评述

通过对二十多年来我国城市生活垃圾管制政策主题的回顾归纳,认为我国垃圾管制政策的演变可分为四个阶段。其主题演变可以归纳为责任的转移过程:一是垃圾末端治理责任从政府向社会转移,二是垃圾整合管理责任从政府向社会转移。今后,政策进一步演变的重心和主旋律将体现在三方面:一是从垃圾末端治理走向垃圾整合管理,二是垃圾管理责任的再明确,三是从命令控制型政策向激励性政策的历史性转变。     

Sustainable product disposal: Consumer redistributing behaviors versus hoarding and throwing away

Business strategies involving sustainable product disposal have focused mostly on technical aspects but neglected to adequately incorporate the nature of consumers' behavior. The current study addresses this void. We study consumer product disposal behavior and subsequently offer insights to businesses on how to incorporate consumer input into their strategic decision making in the light of opportunities to mitigate environmental impacts. Consumers' redistributing of unwanted but still useful products to others by reselling, passing along, or donating, rather than hoarding or throwing away, contributes to product lifetime extension and waste management. We study factors influencing product redistribution and explore profile of consumers who engage in various disposal behaviors. Findings from two online surveys, on mobile phones and sunglasses, reveal that specific waste attitudes, that is, waste minimization and waste aversion, rather than general environmental concern, are key determinants of product redistribution choice. Product cost is positively related to reselling and giving behaviors. Furthermore, product quality and product self-image congruency significantly reduce the odds of throwing away. The method of product redistribution is also influenced by consumers' demographic characteristics including age, education level, and income. This paper advances extant literature on product disposal from the perspective of the consumer and provides input into development of business strategies that incorporate consumers' sustainable disposal behaviors. We also offer input to policy makers on how to curb or delay waste and pollution.     

新形势下企业危险废物管理的思考

随着危险废物规范化管理的进一步加强,如何提高企业危险废物的管理水平成为企业管理者、环保主管部门的关注点。论文提出通过完善后评价及排污许可证制度、加强危险废物分类管理、规范危险废物全过程管理、引入环保管家等措施,推动企业危险废物管理能力的提升。     

How can domestic households become part of the solution to England's recycling problems?

A waste disposal problem of looming proportions, coupled with a lack of sufficient public engagement in the preferred alternative to disposal, which is recycling, continues to perplex English policy‐makers. Based on both a literature review across a wide range of disciplines and a national survey of consumer attitudes towards their own participation in recycling, this paper finds that past efforts at increasing recycling have been based on an implied model of consumer recycling behaviour that is not supported by what happens in practice. By disentangling thinking about recycling behaviour from academic thinking about green consumerism, the paper considers the waste and recycling problem from a different angle. It suggests that research on the personal values of people who recycle could be utilized in marketing communications that show these values being fulfilled by recycling. Focusing greater marketing attention on people who already claim to recycle, and helping them through better communication and improved practical help, could achieve much higher levels of reclaimed materials. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.     

A disposable choice for hospital waste

"On-site incineration is becoming an increasingly important alternative for the treatment and disposal of institutional waste. Incineration reduces the weight and volume of most institutional solid waste by 90 to 95 percent, sterilizes pathogenic waste, detoxifies chemical waste, converts obnoxious waste (such as animal carcasses) into innocuous ash, and provides a substantial reduction in off-site disposal costs, making on-site incineration highly cost effective. Many systems have payback periods of less than one year. In addition, on-site incineration reduces the need to depend on off-site disposal contractors, which, in turn, minimizes potential exposures and liabilities associated with illegal or improper waste disposal activities." At this time, the hospital has found its best method for the treatment of infectious and noninfectious medical waste. It is not a perfect method, but all current technologies have limitations. There are several promisingly innovative approaches being pursued; however, they are only in developmental stages. "Winston-Salem, Forsyth Memorial Hospital is reducing infectious wastes ... with an innovative microwave system being used for the first time in the United States. Once the waste is run through the microwave system, the infectious content is destroyed. As a result, ninety percent of the hospital's infectious waste can be sent to the local landfill, which saves more than $200,000 a year in transport and disposal costs. The hospital hopes the $650,000 German system will pay for itself in three years." It is hoped that these new technologies will progress into reliable treatment options for medical waste during the 1990s. In the meantime, our hospital will continue to pursue refinements in its on-site operation, which is already providing cost savings, improved safety, and environmental benefits.     

我国危险废物环境标准体系研究

本文分析了我国危险废物环境标准体系存在的问题和不足,并提出了我国危险废物环境标准体系的三个层次:环境技术法规、环境管理技术规范和指南、自愿性环境技术标准,论述了各自的地位、相互关系及涵盖的范围。     

基于安全与环保的报废弹药分解拆卸销毁探讨

报废弹药占用国防仓库,影响现役弹药存储安全,需要及时销毁。采用分解拆卸技术销毁报废弹药,能够减少污染,回收再利用废弃弹药物资。为保证安全和资源回收,必须严格落实分解拆卸各种规范制度。本文对报废弹药分解拆卸销毁过程中可能遇到的不安全问题进行分析,提出了几点防护对策为报废弹药销毁从业人员提供帮助。     

废旧产品再利用的产业组织创新研究

本文依据生产者责任延伸这一企业行为基本规则,分析构建了企业和社会层面废旧产品再利用的循环结构。对构成产品再利用产业的再使用,再制造,资源化和最终处置子系统分别作了解析,对各子系统的功能作用,企业责任,市场机制,政策保障,法律制约,以及文化意识与道德约束等作了原则性构思。这对于优化我国重构循环经济系统的产品再利用产业组织与运行机制都有一定的借鉴意义。     

报废弹药销毁处理的安全防范措施

对目前报废弹药销毁处理发展现状进行分析,针对报废弹药处理中存在的问题,提出了报废弹药销毁处理的安全防范措施。     

新型环保城市垃圾处理策略探讨

随着人们对于城市的环保居住理念更加深入人心,新型环保城市注重如何将城市生活垃圾、污泥无害化、资源化,这也已成为垃圾处理技术发展的一个新的经济增长点。文章就新型环保城市垃圾处理进行探讨。     

专业处理企业处理电子废弃物模式中回收主体的选择

目前对电子废弃物的回收、处理和资源化利用问题的研究已经成为全世界关注的课题。通过比较生产企业回收、销售商回收、专业回收企业回收、专业处理企业回收四种不同回收主体的优劣．为专业回收企业选择适宜的回收主体提供参考。     

日本城市废弃物处理机制研究

日本曾经历了大量生产、大量消费、大量废弃的时代,面对一度陷入困境的城市废弃物处理问题,日本走出了由单纯处理废弃物的被动治理转向将废弃物作为资源积极推行废弃物减量化、再利用、资源化之路。本文首先明确日本废弃物的分类与处理责任的认定,继而说明日本通过废弃物处理中的税费政策、对城市废弃物处理的规制措施以及促进城市废弃物焚烧处理技术的规范化等手段促使政府、企事业者、市民三方在废弃物有效处理方面达到共识、协同合作。其处理机制值得我国城市在环境治理时借鉴。     

waste tanker safety fiasco

Mike Fisher, managing director of Whale Tankers, records his struggle with bureaucracy to export a British-made hazardous waste tanker to France.     

Reverse logistics optimisation for waste collection and disposal in health institutions: the case of Turkey

Waste management in health institutions has become important in recent years because of the increase in population and industrialisation. Waste generated from health institutions has risks for human health and the environment. Therefore, this paper presents a reverse logistics optimisation for waste collection and disposal in Turkish health institutions. A multiperiod, multitype product waste reverse logistics network was designed to build an effective collection and disposal system for waste generated from health institutions in Turkey. A mixed integer linear programming model was developed to determine the optimal number and locations of the facilities for efficient waste management in health care by minimising the total cost. In this context, a sensitivity analysis was conducted to examine the impact of the incremental changes of waste amounts on the optimal reverse logistics network. According to increasing waste amounts, the numbers of changes in facilities are analysed and strategies are specified.