Climate for opportunity:: A conceptual model

Climate theory is integrated with justice theory and the values literature to develop a model of climate for opportunity. The climate for opportunity model is offered as a useful framework for organizations interested in managing diversity. The core of the model addresses the complex manner in which environmental factors, experiences, values, and cognitions create perceptions about fair treatment in the workplace. Antecedents at the organizational, work group, and individual levels are considered. Climate for opportunity's impact on individual, work group, and organizational level outcomes are also discussed. The model provides a practical framework for understanding the complexities of managing fairly and undertaking climate change interventions.     

Export strategy: : a dynamic capabilities perspective

It is argued here that traditional export strategy research (encompassing the study of internationalization processes and export performance) is characterized by weak theoretical foundations and could benefit from a reorientation towards a dynamic capabilities perspective (DCP). We seek to draw on insights from DCP in order to devise a theoretical basis that could enrich export strategy research. Although our development of DCP insights builds on previous work, it also adds a crucial distinction between knowledge stocks and informational architecture. Changes in architecture are of greater importance. Following this elaboration of the dynamic capabilities perspective, we outline some implications and guidelines for future export strategy research.     

Expatriate Adjustment:

The aims of this paper are to underscore the relevance of expatriates' racial background, sex, age, nationality and religion to their adjustment and to propose strategies for dealing with hosts' negative perceptions of expatriates' sociobiological backgrounds. The paper argues that the growing diversity of expatriates and the current nationalistic and ethnic conflicts in many parts of the world calls for the need to discuss,expatriates' sociobiological background explicitly. The strategies for dealing with hosts' negative perceptions are based on initiating contact, reducing uncertainty and being diplomatic and assertive rather than aggressive during intercultural interaction.     

Political Partisanship:

A bstract Analysis of the bases of political party choice in the United States reveals that social structural factors are more important than economic factors in determining patterns of partisanship. Among economic factors, moreover, differentiation in the realms of credit and consumption is more important than differences in relation to economic production. The absence of traditional class-conflict politics, however, does not lead to a state of political consensus, because new modes of economic differentiation have emerged, cleavages based on earlier economic cleavages have persisted after the basic economic issues have been resolved, and non-economic cleavages, particularly along racial lines, still await resolution.     

李晶：跳槽的艺术

岁末年初，这是一个流行跳槽的季节。随着中国经济的复苏回暖，职场中跳槽风更是暗潮涌动。如何更理智地迈出下一步。更艺术地规划自身的职业生涯？华晨宝马汽车有限公司人力资源高级副总裁李晶对此有自己独特的见解。     

Technology Choice:

ABSTRACT Suppose, unlike the endogenous growth literature, that technological innovation may actually create structural problems. If capital and labor inputs of specific skill levels are complementary, and new technology changes the skill mix needs, then this mismatch may create underemployment or unemployment. High-tech investment maximizes output but at the expense of unemployment of unskilled workers; lower-tech investment results in smaller unskilled labor unemployment, but a smaller increase in output (or underemployment of skilled labor). A policy solution for this tradeoff is to allocate investment between physical capital and human capital in the right proportions to ensure both maximum output and full employment.     

Henry George:

ABSTRACT While generally known today for his famous proposal for a Single Tax, Henry George has not been widely recognized as one of the first economists to write about the possibility of political market failure. Based on his appreciation for the allocational efficiency of markets and his suspicion of government intervention, George was an early advocate of public choice ideas who repeatedly warned of the dangers of rent seeking.     

Environmental Genocide:

ABSTRACT Physical and cultural genocide have been practiced against Native Americans for half a millennium. In the modern era, these forms of genocide have been superseded by a more insidious, and ultimately more destructive, form. Environmental genocide is perpetrated by the U.S. government and by private corporations alike; some of their methods are legal, while others are not. Against this harsh backdrop, Native Americans are more unified and are becoming better organized than ever, and they are fighting back for their very survival.     

Exonerating Wicksell:

James Ahiakpor correctly identifies classical writers as the true originators of the cumulative process analysis usually attributed to Knut Wicksell. Ahiakpor fails, however, to dislodge Wicksell from his place in the pantheon of monetary theorists. Wicksell contributed at least five innovations that advanced the cumulative process model far beyond its classical prototype.     

The London Business School with Gower Publishing: Forecast Release: THE GULF WAR: RECESSION AND RECOVERY

The Iraqi invasion of Kuwait occurred at a time when many economies were in or heading towards recession. These trends were exacerbated by the Gulf crisis which had adverse effects on consumer and producer confidence. Now that the Gulf war is over, confidence is recovering but against the background of a relatively severe recession. In this Forecast Release we make use of a simple statistical tool to throw some light on how much of the downturn was due to confidence factors and thus to draw implications for the recovery. In broad terms we find that a large part of the US recession, in particular the downturn in consumer spending, was attributable to the effects on confidence of the Gulf crisis. In both the US and the UK, however, the effects on producer confidence were less marked, though here too the analysis suggests that, at its low point, producer confidence was also adversely affected by the crisis in the Gulf. The latest data show that there has been a full recovery in US consumer confidence but that producer confidence on both sides of the Atlantic remains well below pre-Gulf trends. On this basis, therefore, we would expect a further recovery in industry's confidence over the coming months.     

Economic Outlook 1985- 1989: The London Business School with Gower Publishing: Forecast Release: THE AUTUMN STATEMENT: IF YOU CAN'T BEAT 'EM

In announcing significant increases in public spending in the Autumn Statement, the government has recognised that the scope for further interest rate reductions ahead of the election is virtually nil. It has therefore sought to boost demand, and its own popularity, by a fiscal relaxation. It so doing, it is prepared to risk a PSBR. (excluding privatization) of £27bn, exactly in line with the estimates which we made in June of Labour Party policy. In terms of macroeconomic policy, therefore, the gap between the two parties is virtually closed, while that between Mr. Major's government and that of Mrs. Thatcher is evident. Front this starting point, we argue that honouring Mr. Laniont's pledge on income tax could be at the expense of removing tax relief on mortgage interest payments and that a Labour government which still cherishes higher public spending may be forced into continuing the privatization programme. Under either Party there is a strong political case for tax increases, or for rescinding some of the planned increase in spending, early in the life of the next Parliament in order to bring the economic and political cycles back into synchronisation from which they were disturbed by Mr. Lawson's tax-cutting Budget of 1988.     

Editorial introduction: HRM and performance: confronting theory and reality

This editorial introduction has twin purposes. The first is to make a wide audience aware of the new Dutch HRM Network. The second is to introduce a set of papers which make a contribution to the connections between HR policies/strategies and organizational performance. These purposes are linked by the fact that the papers come from the inaugural conference of the Network that was held in the Rotterdam School of Economics at Erasmus University at the end of 1999.     

Incremental trade policy and endogenous growth:: A q-theory approach

Most trade-and-growth studies focus on the growth effects of autarky-to-free-trade changes, rather than those of incremental liberalisations. This paper characterizes how the strength and sign of openness-and-growth links depend upon the nature and level of trade barriers. For most types of trade barriers, we find that liberalisation raises or lowers growth depending upon the initial level of the barrier. This suggests empirical studies that pool data from high and low protection nations are mis-specified, and that policy lessons based on autarky-to-free-trade results are of limited use to policymakers.