论提高会计人员综合素质

随着经济快速发展，会计职业出现了一些新的变化，会计在单位内部发挥着越来越重要的作用，会计职业正在实现由传统会计到现代会计的转变，会计的职能定位已不再仅仅局限于对经济活动某一环节简单的会计核算，而是更加注重会计对整个经济活动实施财务控制的综合能力，会计工作的内容越来越复杂，会计工作难度加大，会计职业的风险和责任也在加大。会计人员如何适应新形势，提高会计人员综合素质是关键。     

完善我国商业银行内部控制制度的思考

文章阐述了巴塞尔协议所规定的商业银行内部控制制度的主要目的和内容,并对西方某商业银行内部失控案例进行了分析。论述了我国商业银行内部控制制度的目标和原则,并提出要完善公司治理机制和激励约束机制;完善全面风险管理体系;完善会计管理体系和核算原则;实施专业的内部审计和内部评价制度;完善现代化的科技手段和及时的信息反馈机制。     

内部控制与风险管理——中国会计学会2009内部控制专题学术研讨会综述

中国会计学会2009内部控制专题学术研讨会围绕内部控制理论、内部控制实施、内部控制评价和内部审计以及风险管理等问题进行了交流和讨论。本文对会议所涉及的主要论题进行了综述。     

建筑企业会计风险管理中内部审计作用分析

建筑企业面临着新的机遇和挑战.而外界市场变化给建筑企业财务管理带来了巨大的风险,内部审计是抵制会计风险的重要手段之一,在会计风险管理中发挥着重要的作用.本文通过对内部审计和会计风险管理的基本内容和会计管理中存在的风险进行分析,阐述了内部审计的作用和应对措施.     

浅析企业内部控制与风险管理

良好的内部控制可以合理保证企业经营管理合规合法、资产安全、财务报告及相关信息真实可靠，提高经营效率和效果，促进企业实现发展战略。风险管理是内部控制概念的自然延伸，是企业内部控制的重要内容之一。本文从内部控制与风险管理日益融合的趋势着手，提出了将风险导向设定为内部控制的发展方向，最终形成一个严密的内部控制和风险管理制度的对策。     

内部控制信息化的实践与探索

随着知识经济的发展和IT技术的应用，内部控制在理论与实践中不断得到扩展与延伸，已从传统意义上的内部牵制、会计控制与管理控制、内部控制结构、内部控制整体框架，发展到与治理、风险管理、信息化管理过程相结合，从而为企业的持续健康发展提供了制度保障。     

试析银行会计内部控制的必要性

银行会计的内部控制工作对于防范银行会计风险、提高会计信息质量具有非常重要的作用。银行要建立完善的会计内控体系,加强对会计内控工作的监督,提升会计人员的职业素质,从而不断加强银行会计的工作质量。本文对银行会计内部控制进行了阐述,探讨了银行会计内部控制的必要性,分析和研究了当前会计内部控制工作中存在的问题和解决的途径,希望为我国银行业的发展提供帮助。     

如何有效实施基于全面风险管理的内部控制

随着现代经济的快速发展，在复杂的市场环境下，企业要想获得市场竞争力，必须加强自身的内部控制。然而，随着经营风险的不断提高，全面风险管理已成为了企业关注的重点的内容，将全面风险管理理念贯彻落实到企业的各项经营管理活动中去，减少企业的经营风险，对促进企业的健康发展具有十分重要的意义。本文就对如何实施基于全面风险管理的内部控制进行探讨。     

强化内控和风险防范

随着2004年2月1日第一次以法律的形式提出“商业银行应当按照有关规定，制定本行的业务规则，建立健全本行的风险管理和内部控制制度”为主要内容的《商业银行法》的正式实施，国有商业银行明显加大了银行内部控制机制和风险管理建设的力度。6月5日，中国建设银行发布了“风险管理平台工程”项目推广实施方案。该实施方案运用《中国建设银行内部控制体系标准(试行版)》，对加强风险管理和内部控制进行了具体要求和系统规范，项目将于2004年7月完成全辖推广工作。     

会计电算化条件下的内部控制浅谈

随着计算机应用的普及,会计工作正在逐步实现电算化。这给会计内部控制带来了新的问题和挑战。本文对会计电算化对传统内部控制影响进行了分析,探讨了其主要内容,并就加强和完善会计电算化的内部控制提出了建议。     

民办高校内部控制研究

随着我国教育事业的蓬勃发展,民办高校越来越被人们所熟知.如今,民办高校已经走过二十多个年头,在其认可度不断走高的同时,其暴露出来的问题也不在少数,不少民办高校内部管理松弛、监督不力、会计控制薄弱等问题层出不穷,一套科学有效的高校内部会计控制制度的出台迫在眉睫,以规范校内经济秩序,保证民办高校事业健康持续地向前发展.本文结合民办高校的特点,围绕内部控制五要素对民办高校内部控制进行研究,发现民办高校内部控制环境、风险管理、控制活动及信息沟通、内部监督等方面的不足,并从完善民办高校内部环境、风险管理、强化民办高校控制活动、加强民办高校信息与沟通建设、加强民办高校内部监督等方面提出相应建议,旨在加强民办高校的内部控制.     

Modern slavery and the accounting profession

This first paper in the Special Issue on “Modern slavery and the accounting profession” considers how various branches and functions of the accounting profession in business operations and supply chains are implicated by the move to end modern slavery. Accounting has always been involved with slavery practices. When slavery was legal, accounting focused on reporting slaves as assets and expenses in the accounts. In these more humane times, now that ownership of slaves is illegal, the accounting profession has different functional responsibilities towards modern slavery. These include external reporting in line with and above and beyond requirements of legislation; internal management accounting to build awareness and support planning, control and decision making to reduce modern slavery risk and look for opportunities from mitigation; and audit and assurance to ensure credibility of claims made by business. The papers presented in this Special Issue touch upon some of the key aspects of the connection between modern slavery and management control systems, corporate disclosures and the historical role of professional auditors/the accounting profession, but much remains to be achieved in the research agenda ahead.     

IT governance: Objectives and assurances in internet banking

This paper develops and tests a new factor of the trust model in electronic commerce; namely, internet banking. Internal control of internet banking is very consistent with high levels of trust factors such as security, privacy, and other risk issues. However, this type of association has not yet been widely recognized as a trusted model from the consumer's electronic commerce point of view. This study attempts to create new factors in IT governance and the COBIT (Control Objectives for Information and Related Technologies) assurance seal. The empirical results of this experiment show that customer familiarity with IT governance and the COBIT assurance seal has impacted customers' trust in internet banking. Moreover, the results also show that perceived internet banking quality and reputation impact customers' trust in internet banking. Given the results of this study, we propose future research aimed at developing a COBIT assurance web seal of internal control, applicable to information technology based on IT governance.     

论高校内部会计控制

改革开放以来,我国经济迅速发展,各行业管理水平不断提高,相应地开始对内部控制提出要求。我国高校内部会计控制是与企业内部控制同步发展起来的,虽然起步比较晚,但其在推动高等教育发展,促进教育体制改革方面起了非常重要的作用。目前,我国的高等教育模式正从由政府直接管理向由政府宏观管理、学校面向社会自主办学过渡,这种模式转变所引起的高校财务管理环境变化,使高校内部控制的地位和作用越来越重要。故本文从高校内部会计控制的发展,重要性及加强措施方面对其进行了新的论述。     

Educational standards for management accountants: A critical need

The last five years have seen the development of a trend that may be characterized as “the professionalization of accounting education”. One major element of this movement has been the development of a formal recommended curriculum for students planning a career in public accounting. However, a similar proposed curriculum for management accounting students has not resulted. Although the management accounting profession has made great advances during the past few years, a single formal recommended curriculum has not been developed.This article expresses concern over the lack of such a curriculum, and urges the management accounting arm of the profession to join in developing a single recommended academic curriculum for management accountants.     

The reflective accountant: towards a new model for professional development

The accounting profession in recent times has been under intense scrutiny. Questions have been raised about, among other things, the right of the profession to regulate its activities, the behaviour of accounting firms and the usefulness of accounting information, a situation that would seem to indicate the existence of a crisis. This paper argues that the present crisis facing the accounting profession can be attributed to the inability of the tradional (technical rationality) model for professional development to cope with the new demands placed on the modern accounting profession which is characterized by professional pluralism. The paper proposes an alternative model for professional development based on the concept of the ‘reflective practitioner’. It is argued that the proposed model would equip accounting professionals with a degree of flexibility which is considered essential in carrying out their functions in a changing environment.     

央行内部控制与风险管理探析

本文主要针对内部控制与风险管理之间的关系,探讨央行应如何将内部控制框架建立与风险管理相结合,通过完善内部控制机制和风险管理体系,有效地防范风险,从而促使央行科学、高效地履行职责。     

Risk and risk management in management accounting and control

Recent world events, most notably the global financial crisis, have refocused and intensified interest on risk and the nature of systems that operate to manage risk. One area that has received relatively little attention is the interrelation between risk, risk management and management accounting and control practices. This editorial provides an introduction to the special issue of the journal on “Risk and Risk Management in Management Accounting and Control”. It argues that risk and the way it is managed has become a feature of organizational life in both the public and private sectors. By changing organizational practices risk management can facilitate and legitimise certain ways of organizing. It has the potential to change lines of responsibility and accountability in organizations, representing a particular way of governing individuals and activities. The argument is further made that risk management has moved away from being an issue of narrow concern to finance (value at risk, derivatives, etc.) or accountants (financial statement disclosure, etc.) to an issue about management control and therefore a key area in which management accountants need to engage. This editorial also highlights the potential side-effects of risk management, including issues around trust and accountability, but also the focus on secondary or defensive risk management and the rise of reputation risk.     

Accounting and the Economic Reforms in New Zealand: A Study of the State/Profession Relationship

This paper examines some aspects of the developing relationship between the state and the accounting profession in New Zealand focusing on a period when a major programme of economic reform was implemented. The paper suggests that accounting facilitated the macro-micro interface by providing the link between the set of values highlighted through the reform process and the internal workings of organisations while benefiting from the involvement in the reform process. It also points out that the ideological shift and the associated values entrenched in the reform programme provided the environment that motivated and enabled the profession to introduce significant strategic and structural changes. Through the reform process, the accounting profession in New Zealand has changed from the traditional ideal type of established profession to a profession that can adapt to a changing environment. This strategy suggests the emergence of the accounting profession as a new group of "organic intellectuals", that is responsive to the needs of its members and the ever changing surroundings.     

The rise of accounting controls in British capitalist enterprises

This paper represents an attempt to understand the historical factors which have led to the comparative pre-eminence of accountants in British management hierarchies and the emphasis on financial modes of control within British companies. It is argued firstly that the nature of British capital markets exaggerated the significance of the audit, thus establishing a power-base for the profession from which it was able to sponsor its own preferred modes of internal control and so strengthen its position in management structures. Secondly, the mode of wartime state intervention in this country favoured “external” accounting controls as a means of avoiding more directive forms of industrial mobilisation, in line with the policy of maintaining the operation of laisser-faire capitalism as far as possible. Thirdly the profession has played some part in the successive waves of merger which have occured in British industry and has proposed on the basis of offering financial solutions to the control problems of the resulting large organisations.