产城人相融合:宁波节点城市新城建设的核心导向

新城建设是节点城市城市化的重要方式,对于扩大城市发展空间、促进城市经济发展、完善城市功能,具有重要意义。近些年,宁波节点城市新城建设踊跃,但基本仍是延续土地城市化的建设模式,人口和产业导入滞后,功能形成缓慢,新老城之间缺乏联系。从新型城市化的发展方向来看,新城建设的核心应在于"人",必须走产城人相融合之路,既要有优美的居住环境,也应具备产业支撑,能为人的发展提供就业保障。     

辽宁沿海经济带新城、新市镇建设与农业人口转移研究

本文在大量调查研究的基础上,对新城建设在辽宁沿海经济带全域城市化中的意义、存在的问题进行了初步分析,并提出了相应的政策性建议。笔者认为,以新城、新市镇建设为支点,推动农业人口转移应该成为辽宁省沿海地区城市化的战略选择。这是因为新城、新市镇作为城乡一体化的新枢纽,必将为城乡统筹发展注入新的生命力,而它作为城乡结构调整的关键环节,也是转移农业人口的重要空间载体。因此,新城、新市镇战略关系到辽宁沿海经济带未来区域空间结构调整和农业人口转移的基本政策取向。     

金秋,城市建设收获季

城市建设是城市发展的难题,也是城市管理的重中之重。近几年来,特别是去年7月,大连市第十一次党代会明确提出了把大连建设成为富庶美丽文明的现代化国际城市的战略目标后,城市基础设施建设保持强劲的发展态势：积极推进全域城市化发展进程,重点解决城市交通问题,加快轻轨、地铁、     

全域城市化的概念、内涵与实施途径

总结了城市区域化和区域城市化的特点与不足的基础上，全面分析了全域城市化的内涵、认识误区及实施途径。认为全域城市化可以避免城市区域化空间范围过小和区域城市化地域分割的不足，适合较发达地区的地级市或县域内实施。     

国际大都市推动新城建设的政策及其对北京的启示

北京目前正处于加快中国特色世界城市建设的重要时期。但城市化进程的快速推进及“单中心”的空间发展格局，使得北京城市功能过度集中于中心城区，交通拥堵严重、人口急剧增长、产业发展空间受限等“大城市病”日益严重。而目前新城疏解、集聚作用较弱，难以形成与国际大都市相符的多中心空间结构体系。新时期北京提出分类推进新城建设，集中力量聚焦通州现代化国际新城建设，重点推进发展新区顺义、大兴一亦庄、昌平和房山等新城，加快建设门头沟、延庆、怀柔、密云、平谷等生态涵养区新城。积极借鉴国际大都市在新城建设政策推动方面的经验，使新城有效地疏解中心城区城市功能并承载世界城市具备的其他功能，是今后首都优化城市空间结构、加快向世界城市迈进的重要战略选择。     

关于营口市全域城市化建设的路径思考

全域城市化的重点和难点在农村,其根本目标是实现农村地区的三大战略转型。以产业化加速带动全域城市化,以政策功能优化推进全域城市化,以社会事业现代化配合全域城市化是加快营口全域城市化建设的有效途径。     

大连全域兴新城

如果说“全域城市化”这个名词在两年多前人们还只是把它当成一个新名词来看的话,那么,两年以后的今天,全域城市化就成为每个大连人都看得见摸得着的“庞大工程”：城市容量增大了。百姓收入增多了,城乡差距缩小了。在新的城市格局中,各区域因地制宜、组团发展,不仅从布局等方面拓宽了大连自身的发展空间。更使大连区域核心城市的定位和功能得到增强,大连实现跨越发展的重要驱动点和增长点也更加明晰且坚实。     

加快培养能力过硬干部队伍

党的十八大对我国改革开放和社会主义现代化建设作出了全面部署。大政方针已定,干部就是决定因素,我们必须抓紧时间,培养一支能够有效推进大连全域城市化、新型工业化、城市智慧化、农业现代化＂四化＂发展的高素质领导干部队伍。     

珠海市前山城区的定位与发展对策研究

<正> 珠海市的大规模城市化,首先从临近澳门的拱北始,然后逐步扩展至吉大、香洲,而在历史上,曾经统制过现在的大部分珠海市城区的前山寨,则被忽略了。但由于珠海城市化的人为规划变迁与前山特殊的区位,在珠海主城区经过20余年的城市化与逆城市化过程之后,有辖区面积53km~2、常住人口17.8万、属地工业产值至少占珠海市区工业总产值大半壁江山的前山城区,在珠海城市经济、社会发展中的作用却凸显了出来;如何认识、定位和发展前山,自然成了珠海市未来城市化进程中的重要议题。     

大连全域城市化健康发展的几点思考

2010年1月12日,大连市第十四届人大三次会议的《政府工作报告》指出：＂着力推进全域城市化,拓宽跨越发展战略空间＂,自此正式拉开了大连全域城市化战略的序幕。基于大连城市化发展的现状和态势,文章从户籍制度改革、土地资源监管、失地农民安置、生态环境保护等四个方面,探讨全域城市化推进的相关策略,旨在推动大连全域城市化的健康发展。     

Penetration and Post-infection Development of Meloidogyne Incognita on Tobacco as Treated by Rhizobacteria Pseudomonas Fluorescens Strain P-72-10

The bio-control potential of rhizospere bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens against plant-parasite nematode had been demonstrated. P. fluorescens had shown the effect to enhance tobacco resistance to root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Inoculation with P. fluoreseens in tobacco could lead to significant reductions in the number of juveniles that penetrated tobacco root and further life stage development of the juveniles. The number of juveniles penetrated into tobac- co root in treatment with P. fluorescens is significantly different from CK at 2DAI, 6DAI, 8DAI and 10DAI. Significant reduction and delayed development of juveniles that penetrated into tobacco root and treated were observed in treatment at 14DAI, 21DAI, 28DAI and 35DAI. In addition, P. fluoreseens treatment leads to a significant reduction in the number of eggs per egg-mass at 35 DAI. The results show P. fluorescens induced a continuously suppression on root-knot nema- tode M. incognita throughout their entire early infection phase of root penetration, subsequent life stage development and reproduction.     

On the Major Transformation of the Asia-Pacific Regional Structure北大核心CSSCISSCI

Recent years have witnessedsignificant changes in the Asia-Pacific regionalstructure featuring the shift in power balance among related countries as well as adjust-ments in their respective regional strategies. So what is the prevailing trend in thistransformation and what kind of regional order will likely emerge in the future？ To an-swer these questions, the paper tries to explore the following dimensions： the evolvingregional context, shift in power balance and power conversion, geo-political and geo-e-conomic developments and interactions between them, and evolving regional order. Asthe study shows, the broadening of regional geographical scope, the rise in the numberof actors involved, as well as changesin the relations among them, have combined tocast a pluralistic and complex flavor to the regional structure. While the power balanceamong China, the United States and Japan shifts, and power conversion is also occur-ring. China and Japan are paying increasing attention to their security roles, whereasthe United States under the Obama administration laid more stress on expanding itsgeo-economic clout. In spite of the intensifying geopolitical competition among China,the United States and Japan in recent years, a Sino-US strategic compromise-whichholds the key to regional geopolitics-isother front, some kind of geo-economicmore likely to take place in the future. On thecooperation will probably emerge. In the longerterm, it will be the geo-economic trend thatwill prevail over the geopolitical trend inthe region. Finally, the future evolution of regional order wiI1 mainly follow the eco-nomic logic, accompanied by the dilutionof its hegemonic and hierarchical nature.Hence, a pluralistic and complex regional community will emerge.     

The German Hanse and Bergen – new perspectives on an old subject

Abstract

The Hanseatic League and her kontors (trading posts) were an integral part of the medieval trade system in Northern Europe. Hanse merchants dominated many markets in this region and managed to maintain a monopoly-like role in towns like Novgorod and Bergen for many centuries. Consequently, one focus of historical research about the Hanseatic League lay on the mechanisms that enabled the Hanse merchants to keep that strong of a position for such a long time.

This article is part of the discussion about this topic. Based on Lübeck merchants with business interest in the Norwegian town of Bergen, the so-called Bergenfahrers (Bergen travellers), it will give new insights into the Hansards' economical and social organization. The three main points are (a) the integration of the Bergen market in the Hanseatic trade network as an intermediary trading place on the vivid East–West route of Hanse trade; (b) the importance of the Bergenfahrers within the Hanse merchants' economical, social and political networks; and (c) the structure of the Bergenfahrers network patterns in the late Middle Ages.

In addition to new insights into the important role of Bergen and the Bergenfahrers within Lübeck's and the other Wendish Hanse towns' trading system, this articles provides further proof for the usefulness of the methods of Social Network Analysis in medieval economic research.     

Organization and incentives in the age of sail

The British Navy in the age of sail was the most successful bureaucracy of its time. Its organization and incentive structures differed importantly from contemporaneous private sailing ventures, but closely resembled those of today’s large corporations. To induce efficient effort, the navy used a hierarchical tournament, in which sailors competed for higher pay that came with promotions based on relative performance. Promotion probabilities, the option value of future promotions, and the higher effort required of men in higher ranks and on larger vessels, combined to yield a highly skewed pay structure.     

For Better or for Worse? Local Impacts of the Decentralization of Indonesia’s Forest Sector

This paper quantifies the local impacts of mechanized logging on forest-dependent communities in Indonesia, before and after decentralization. A conceptual framework incorporates financial, social, enforcement, rent-seeking, and environmental impacts. Using data from 60 communities in East Kalimantan, the empirical results suggest that significantly more households received financial and in-kind benefits after decentralization compared to before. Many communities engaged in self-enforcement activities against firms both before and after decentralization. Post-decentralization, a significantly higher proportion of households perceived community forest ownership. There were few significant differences in perceived environmental impacts. Little evidence exists of a post-decentralization trade-off between environmental and financial contractual provisions.     

以资本管理为核心的银行治理综合评价指标研究

商业银行的特殊性体现在风险性、外部性和多重治理目标上，尤其集中体现在风险管理的本质上。风险管理日益成为现代商业银行的主体活动和核心职能，资本管理成为现代商业银行风险管理的核心。在整合EVA和RAROC指标的基础上。文章构建了以资本管理为核心的银行治理的综合评价指标，以求真实反映银行经营的成果，有效衡量风险收益和风险成本的对比关系，从而反映以资本管理为核心的银行风险管理的过程、能力和效率。     

Financial Reporting and Trade Credit: Evidence from Mandatory IFRS Adoption*

We investigate the effect of mandatory IFRS adoption on trade credit. We document that firms in countries that adopt IFRS receive more trade credit from their suppliers, consistent with improved financial reporting quality and comparability playing a role in facilitating informal financing. This increase is larger for countries with a low level of societal trust, a poor pre‐IFRS‐adoption information environment, and stronger legal enforcement. These cross‐sectional results suggest that the conditions under which higher‐quality information is made publicly available affect suppliers' decisions to provide trade credit. This increase is also larger for firms with greater exposure to foreign markets, a finding that highlights the importance of more comparable international financial reporting standards in facilitating cross‐country trade credit. We also find that IFRS adoption has a stronger positive effect on trade credit for firms with greater liquidity needs. Finally, we find that firms in countries that adopt IFRS also extend more trade credit to their customers. Overall, our results support the notion that financial reporting can have a causal effect on trade credit.     

Markteintrittstiming von Telekommunikationsdiensteanbietern

Zusammenfassung Die vorliegende Studie analysiert für 87 Neuprodukteinführungen (NPE) und Auslandsmarkteintritte (AME) von Telekommunikations(TK)-Diensteanbietern in Deutschland, zu denen 42 Schlüsselinformanten in einer schriftlichen Befragung Auskunft gaben, (1) inwieweit deren zeitliche Eintrittspositionierung durch Marktcharakteristika und Unternehmensressourcen erkl?rbar ist sowie (2) inwieweit und gegebenenfalls unter welchen unternehmensexternen und -internen Situationsbedingungen deren Markteintrittstiming mit dem wahrgenommenen Eintrittserfolg assoziiert ist. Ein früher Markteintritt wurde dann realisiert, wenn die Wettbewerbsintensit?t im adressierten Gesch?ft niedrig und das Budget für den Expansionsschritt überdurchschnittlich ausfielen. Zwischen dem Markteintrittstiming und der Beurteilung des Eintrittserfolgs bestand ein nicht monotoner, umgekehrt U-f?rmiger Zusammenhang: Frühe Folger wiesen signifikant bessere Erfolgswerte auf als Pioniere und sp?te Folger, deren Erfolgsniveaus nicht signifikant divergierten. In einer Industrie, die durch starke externe Netzeffekte gepr?gt ist, fallen offenbar die Nachteile eines Markteintritts als Pionier oder sp?ter Folger st?rker ins Gewicht als die Vorteile dieser beiden zeitlichen Eintrittspositionierungen. Unabh?ngig vom Markteintrittstiming wurden NPE/AME von TK-Unternehmen als erfolgreicher eingestuft, wenn sie sich in einen Markt mit stark wachsender Nachfrage und aufeinander abgestimmt (re)agierenden Wettbewerbern mit qualitativ überdurchschnittlichen, abw?rtskompatiblen, erprobbaren und wenig erkl?rungsbedürftigen TK-Diensten engagierten.