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1.
Prior research suggests that ownership structure is associated to corporate social responsibility (CSR) in developed countries.
This article examines whether and how ownership structure affects CSR in emerging markets using Chinese firms’ social responsibility
ranking. Our empirical evidences show that for non-state-owned firms, corporate ownership dispersion is positively associated
to CSR. However, for state-owned firms, whose controlling shareholder is the state, this relation is reversed. We attribute
the reversed relationship to political interferences and further test this hypothesis by demonstrating that regional economic
development is negatively related to CSR for state-owned firms due to decreased political interference in more developed areas.
This study is the first to directly examine the relationship between the dispersion of corporate ownership and CSR in emerging
markets, and our results depict that it is important to consider ownership type in assessing CSR in emerging market where
state ownership is still prevalent such as China. The results also reveal that firm size, profitability, employee power, leverage,
and growth opportunity affect CSR in China. 相似文献
2.
Politicians, broadcasters and advertising practitioners have shown concern over problems associated with political advertising. These problems include allocated time to political advertising in the broadcast media, content of political advertising and cost of political advertising through the broadcast media. Previous discussion of these problems has focused on one or two problem areas with limited discussion of proposed solutions. This article integrates positions on these problem areas and provides an overivew of proposed solutions. 相似文献
3.
Robert B. Ekelund George S. Ford John D. Jackson 《International Journal of the Economics of Business》2000,7(1):79-97
In sweeping revisions the US Telecommunications Act of 1996 relaxed rules respecting broadcast TV ownership regulations. In particular Congress directed the Federal Communication Commission (FCC) to conduct a rulemaking on whether the 'duopoly rules' preventing businesses from owning multiple broadcast stations in the same market should be relaxed, modified or eliminated. Naturally, this directive raises questions concerning competition. Specifically, would concentration and consolidation of local media firms have deleterious effects on advertising rates, output and consumer choice? In the present paper we examine, using own-price and cross-price elasticity demand estimates, the question of whether local TV markets constitute a separate market for advertising. Our structural tests, with appropriate caveats, reveal that local TV advertising is not, by itself, a distinct market - one relevant for antitrust action. 相似文献
4.
Aysegul Toker Mina Seraj Asli Kuscu Ramazan Yavuz Stefan Koch Christophe Bisson 《Journal of Organizational Computing & Electronic Commerce》2016,26(4):344-363
This research conceptualizes and measures social media adoption (SMA) of companies with a process-based approach and explains its antecedents of micro- and macro-environment, size, and ownership, as well as its consequence of intention to increase resources dedicated to social media. Based on data from 310 Turkish small and medium enterprises, the study first develops a conceptual framework on the pillars of internal and external stakeholder focus as well as relationship and information oriented implementation. Based on these two dimensions, it discusses the novel concepts of social customer relations, social stakeholder communication, social intelligence, and social responsiveness related to SMA. The study further indicates that ownership type and micro environment play a role in SMA and that path dependence exists in the interplay of current adoption and future intentions. 相似文献
5.
Michael K. McCuddy Musa Pinar Ibrahim Birkin Metin Kozak 《Journal of Business Ethics》2009,89(3):331-349
Recent history is replete with scandalous acts and charitable acts within the business community. Unfortunately, scandalous
acts seem to occur with greater frequency than charitable acts – at least as reported in the broadcast and print media. An
interesting corollary to the incidence of scandalous and charitable acts is the apparent differential involvement of men and
women, particularly in scandals. This article explores a possible explanation for the apparent gender differential in involvement
in scandals and acts of charity. Drawing on a conceptual framework of three Fundamental Moral Orientations (FMOs) – selfishness,
self-fullness, and selflessness – and relevant literature on gender effects, this article explores whether men and women are
perceived as differing fundamentally in how they approach moral dilemmas. This phenomenon is examined with a sample of personnel
(n = 682) from the hotel industry in Turkey. Results of the study indicate that gender has some effect on the perceived adoption
of FMOs, and that these gender effects are generally consistent across age, educational level, and organizational rank categories.
Implications of the findings are discussed. 相似文献
6.
Samuel Mansell 《Journal of Business Ethics》2008,83(3):565-577
In this article, I explore how the ideas of French philosopher Emmanuel Levinas offer insights into a debate often held today
in the field of corporate governance, concerning the relative merits of statutory and voluntary approaches to the regulation
of business. The philosophical position outlined by Levinas questions whether any rule-based systematisation of ethical responsibility,
either statutory or voluntary, can ever equate to a genuine responsibility for the other person. I reflect on how various
authors have adapted Levinas’s philosophy to form a critique of bureaucracy and rule following in business, and the lack of
ethical authenticity in corporate codes. However, this article also considers the question of whether a theoretical separation
can be made between an ethical responsibility based on sensibility (as is suggested by Levinas) and a rational conceptualisation
of how one is required to act. Considering the difficulty of disentangling these notions of ethics, I return to the problem
of corporate governance and suggest an approach to stakeholder conflict based on mediation and dialogue, which rules out neither
principles of conduct nor an openness of responsibility to the Other. 相似文献
7.
Gabriel R. G. Benito 《International Trade Journal》2013,27(2):157-198
This article explores how Norwegian multinational companies select ownership structures for their foreign manufacturing subsidiaries. Hypotheses are drawn from various theoretical perspectives on the choice of wholly owned versus partly owned affiliates. The hypotheses are tested on a sample of 174 foreign direct investments made by Norwegian companies. One main finding is that political risk of the host country strongly increases the probability that ownership of a foreign subsidiary is shared. The results also suggest that cultural distance between the home and the host countries leads to a higher propensity to joint venture. Other results were less conclusive and little support was found for a transaction coast approach to choice of ownership structures. 相似文献
8.
Beat Bürgenmeier 《Journal of Consumer Policy》1985,8(1):45-52
Intervention by pressure groups overshadows the discussion of the extension and revision of legislation in the field of competition. The result is increasing codification of political interpretations of the rules underlying a market oriented economy. This tendency is not only illustrated by the draft law on the monitoring of prices but also by the one on consumer protection. In both cases, two guiding principles are at stake, namely the strengthening of rules of competition and the improvement of the position of consumers. The article emphasizes the economic implications of these two principles and shows how difficult it is to reconcile them in the new law. Measures designed to provide more transparent market structures may have adverse effects. Measures designed to reinforce the position of consumers create imperfect conditions on the demand side. In both cases it is unclear how their explicit and social costs will be divided between producers and consumers and what will be their impact on prices. 相似文献
9.
目前,媒介融合已日益成为当下传统媒体产业发展的一种战略思路。基于长三角地区广播电视人才岗位需求、专业需求、综合素质整体状况的研究分析显示,媒介融合背景下,播音主持等一些广电系统传统优势岗位需求趋于饱和;而节目采编类、企划类、管理类人才则需求较大,工程技术类职位人才需求也逐年递增。知识结构多元化人才,人才创新性、团队协作性,精深的媒体技能已成为人才需求的形特点,经营管理人才将成为未来广电行业人才需求的重要构。 相似文献
10.
《Business Horizons》2016,59(2):205-211
While social media can have significant benefits for organizations, the social media presences and postings of employees can be problematic for organizations. This is especially true when employees have connections to co-workers and managers. Workers posting content deemed inappropriate or detrimental to the organization has led to a significant number of workers being fired for their social media behavior. To avoid such situations, organizations should create social media policies to guide employee content. Organizational implementation of social media policy is on the rise, but serious questions remain as to how to make it effective. One crucial question is how well employees know and understand their employer's policy. In this article, we discuss how to communicate social media policies to workers and help their understanding. To inform our recommendations, we draw on exploratory data from a sample of young adult workers regarding their knowledge of their own company's social media policies. 相似文献
11.
Cecile Renouard 《Journal of Business Ethics》2011,98(1):85-97
This article explores the possible convergence between the capabilities approach and utilitarianism to specify CSR. It defends
the idea that this key issue is related to the anthropological perspective that underpins both theories and demonstrates that
a relational conception of individual freedoms and rights present in both traditions gives adequate criteria for CSR toward
the company’s stakeholders. I therefore defend “relational capability” as a means of providing a common paradigm, a shared
vision of a core component of human development. This could further lead to a set of indicators aimed at assessing corporate
social performance as the maximization of the relational capability of people impacted by the activities of companies. In
particular, I suggest a way of evaluating the contribution of extractive companies to the communities close to their industrial
sites in extremely poor areas, not from the viewpoint of material resources and growth, but from the viewpoint of the quality
of the social environment and empowerment. 相似文献
12.
Mary Lyn Stoll 《Journal of Business Ethics》2006,66(2-3):253-260
When the Federal Communications Commission considered revamping its policies, many political activists argued that media conglomerates
had failed to meet their duties to protect freedom of speech. Moveon’s dispute with CBS over its proposed Superbowl advertisement
and Michael Moore’s quarrel over distribution of his documentary, Fahrenheit 911, are cases in point. In matters of pure entertainment, the public expect companies to avoid offensive programming. The press,
on the other hand, may well be forced to offend some audience members in order to create a viable forum for political dissent.
As journalism and entertainment are increasingly inter-linked, an in depth moral analysis of the media corporation and its
obligations becomes increasingly important. I explore Kantian, Utilitarian, and Rawlsian analyses of corporate obligation
in the aforementioned cases. I then examine whether or not these results suggest anything more generally about the sorts of
mission statements and ethical policies that ought to be endorsed by media conglomerates and whether non-business institutions
also require changes. Ultimately, I suggest that at a minimum, media institutions should view the duty to promote the representation
of diverse views in a democracy as an imperfect moral and civic duty rather than making programming decisions solely by reference
to profit. Ideally, greater access to media access should not be increased for the most powerful unless doing so at the same
time increases free speech opportunities for those who currently have the least access. 相似文献
13.
宁晓艳 《商业经济(哈尔滨)》2014,(18):120-122
当前,新媒体的虚拟性、开放性和隐蔽性,非真实性和模糊性,冲击着大学生的世界观,有碍核心价值观的确立以及对诚信的忽视和不在意。这使商科高校大学生社会主义核心价值观教育面临着严峻挑战。结合新媒体传播特点和大学生的成长实际,商科高校应在更新思想政治教育观念、优化社会主义核心价值观教育内容、完善教育机制和创新教育手段等方面下功夫,探求新媒体时代商科大学社会主义核心价值观教育的实践路径。 相似文献
14.
We examine the effect of political embeddedness and media positioning on corporate social responsibility (CSR). Using a sample of Chinese listed firms from 2009–2017, we provide evidence that firms with political embeddedness from the perspectives of both government ownership and managerial political connection (PC) perform more CSR than other firms, but their motivations for doing so are different. Employing media positioning, we find that firms controlled by the government conduct less CSR when they receive more positive media reporting, indicating that this is a firm's passive choice due to political pressure; and firms with PC are incentivized by negative media reporting to conduct more CSR, indicating an active choice to maintain political legitimacy. This association is robust to different media positioning measurements and endogeneity checks. Additional analyses show that this relationship is more pronounced in central government-controlled firms and regionally politically connected firms; in firms that disclose CSR reports voluntarily; and in the environment where CSR are more valued (following the 2012 national Anti-corruption Campaign and in provinces with higher levels of marketization). Overall, our study suggests that media positioning can help to identify the motivation for conducting CSR. 相似文献
15.
Augustine Pang Wonsun Shin Zijian Lew Joseph B. Walther 《Journal of Marketing Communications》2018,24(1):68-82
Online media are integral to daily life, and while many organizations use them to reach broad audiences, others still appear to be uncomfortable with online media because they do not understand how to maximize their potential to interact effectively with stakeholders. Numerous organizations use online media for one-way communication to disseminate information, despite the affordances of the media platforms for two-way, dialogic communication. This article draws on two dominant interpersonal theories of computer-mediated communication—social information processing theory and the hyperpersonal model—to propose dialogic strategies that organizations can use to improve their online communication with their stakeholders. We illustrate the application of these principles through three stages of relationship building: initiating/experimenting, intensifying, and integrating/bonding. The article integrates the applications within an overall dialogic communication strategy, and provides organizations and practitioners with a model with which they can engage stakeholders with dialogic methods via social media. 相似文献
16.
William Kline 《Journal of Business Ethics》2012,105(2):163-174
Hume’s examination of the conventions of property, trade, and contract addresses the moral foundations that make business
possible. In this light, Hume’s theory of justice is also a foundational work in business ethics. In Hume’s analysis of these
conventions, both philosophers and game theorists have correctly identified “proto” game-theoretic elements. One of the few
attempts to offer a Humean theory of business ethics rests on this game-theoretic interpretation of Hume’s argument. This
article argues that game-theoretic reasoning is only one part of a Humean business ethics and this can be shown by further
analyzing Hume’s theory of justice. As we examine his theory, it becomes clear that Hume is not trying to show how it is always
rational to respect the rules of business. Hume is not engaging in, or attempting, a reconciliation project and neither is
a Humean business ethics. The final section of the article is a brief Humean analysis of the effectiveness of codes of ethics.
The purpose of this section is not to decide the issue but to show how a Humean approach is both useful, relevant, and involves
more than reconciling rationality and morality. 相似文献
17.
Dan Breznitz Martin Kenney Petri Rouvinen John Zysman Pekka Ylä-Anttila 《Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade》2011,11(3):203-207
Pervasive information and communication technology (ICT), intertwined with global dispersion of supply chains, is inducing
a sizable structural transformation. All the articles in this special issue highlight that even though technology is the key
driver, the reactions of businesses and countries to these transformations will depend on economic, political, and social
arrangements within each organization and society. The competitive landscape of the ICT industry itself is likely to remain
in flux. Also in other industries, both value creation and value capture are becoming increasingly complex—and remain more
favorable for the developed countries than some commonly used measures suggest. According to the prevailing economic thinking,
public policies should set market-friendly “rules of the game” and then stay out of the way. In the ICT domain, technical
standards, spectrum allocations, and market power associated with various types of lock-ins play crucial roles calling for
more active public involvement. In particular, the dynamic aspects of competition and anti-trust policies are important yet
complex. While there is limited scope for sectoral or horizontal industrial policies, this special issue provides alternative
avenues for considering matrix or systemic policies emphasizing education, openness, and national competitiveness. 相似文献
18.
Alessandro Zattoni 《Journal of Business Ethics》2011,103(2):255-274
A number of companies allocate ownership rights to stakeholders different from shareholders, despite the fact that the law
attributes these rights to the equity holders. This article contributes to an understanding of this evidence by developing
a contingency model for the allocation of ownership rights. The model sheds light on why companies, despite pressures from
the law, vary in their allocation of ownership rights. The model is based on the assumption that corporations increase their
chance to survive and prosper if the stakeholders supplying “critical contributions” receive the ownership rights. According
to the model, “critical” contributions involve (1) contractual problems due to specific investments, long-term relationships,
and low measurability; (2) the assumption of the uncertainty resting on the company; and (3) the supply of scarce and valuable
resources. The model is dynamic because it also provides a basis for understanding why the allocation of ownership rights
changes with time. Finally, the article presents the strategies companies can use to realize an efficient distribution of
ownership rights among their stakeholders. 相似文献
19.
The Political Roots of Corporate Social Responsibility 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
David Antony Detomasi 《Journal of Business Ethics》2008,82(4):807-819
This article argues that whether and how a firm chooses to adopt Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives is conditional
in part upon the domestic political institutional structures present in its home market. It demonstrates that economic globalization
has increased the pressure applied to companies to develop CSR policies that might help overcome specific governance gaps
associated with the globalization phenomenon. Drawing upon an examination of domestic institutions and overall political structure,
it argues that the political conditions and expectations present in a company’s home market will condition whether a firm
might pursue CSR activity. For home markets, it is posited that perceived electoral salience will be filtered through government
type and ideology, and state/societal structures will influence if and how firms will use CSR. Specific arguments are developed
from these categorizations. The article concludes with a discussion of how researchers might further explore links between
CSR, domestic political structures, and corporate political activity. 相似文献
20.
Social spending: Managing the social media mix 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
There is incessant demand for ‘proof’ of return on investment (ROI) for social media spending, and a significant degree of uncertainty among marketers with respect to allocating effort and budget to social media. In this article, we address these issues by identifying different ways that organizations use social media, highlighting important distinctions in these approaches and describing how to frame the spending decision for social media. Additionally, we identify dimensions that can be used to differentiate important types of social media in a social media mix, and relate this to tactical marketing execution. We also highlight the different nature of social objectives, the ‘backward’ process for meeting them, and the importance of establishing a social media ‘mission control’ as part of that process. 相似文献