Optimal programs in the Robinson, Solow and Srinivasan model

In the present paper, results are obtained on the optimal "choice of techniques" in the long run in a model proposed by Robinson, Solow and Srinivasan. We establish a convergence of good programs to the golden-rule stock and show the existence of optimal programs. We also construct an example of a maximal program that is not optimal.     

Negishi's contributions to the development of economic analysis: Research programs and outcomes

This paper surveys Negishi's significant contributions to economics and the research programs they have generated. In a series of papers and books, Negishi developed a number of models and methods of analysis that changed the course of modern economics and catalyzed research in areas that range from welfare and theoretical to applied and computable general equilibrium analysis, and the extension of imperfect competition to general equilibrium. trade theory and international economics. This paper shows that the Negishian research programs that emanated from his works are progressive, and still have an ongoing impact on mainstream economic analysis decades after their publication.     

Evaluating remedial education in elementary schools: Administrative data from a municipality in Japan

In this study, we examine the effect of a remedial education program in language arts and mathematics for third- and fourth-grade students with low previous academic performance. Utilizing a unique panel data set constructed from the administrative data of public elementary schools in Adachi ward in Japan, we estimate the impact of remedial program participation on the subsequent test scores in Japanese language arts and mathematics. This paper utilizes the variations in placement policies of schools as an instrument to identify the effect of the remedial education program, controlling for selection biases. Our estimation results indicate that the remedial education programs had positive effects on test scores of Japanese language arts by 0.13 of a standard deviation, while no statistically significant effect was found for mathematics test scores. The results suggest that the participants increased awareness of the importance of study practices and hours of study as well.     

PROSPECTS FOR ‘CLOSING THE GAP’ IN SOCIOECONOMIC OUTCOMES FOR INDIGENOUS AUSTRALIANS?

Practical reconciliation' and more recently 'closing the gap' have been put forward as frameworks on which to base and evaluate policies to address Indigenous disadvantage. This paper analyses national-level census-based data to examine trends in Indigenous wellbeing since 1971. There has been steady improvement in most socioeconomic outcomes in the last 35 years; a finding at odds with the current discourse of failure. Evidence of convergence between Indigenous and non-Indigenous outcomes, however, is not consistent. For some outcomes, relatively rapid convergence is predicted (within 25 years), but for the majority of outcomes, convergence is unlikely to occur within a generation, if at all.     

新媒体环境下电视新闻节目的改革研究——以各省、市电视台新闻节目的改版为例

以各省市电视台为例,研究了新媒体环境下我国部分电视新闻节目的改革问题,分析了这些新闻节目改版的原因。     

高职院校中外合作办学项目英语教学的特点及实践教学研究

近年来,国内很多高职院校都纷纷开展中外合作办学项目。中外合作办学项目的英语教学不同于普通大学英语教学。从培养目标、教学师资和项目生源三个方面着重分析高职院校中外合作办学项目英语教学的特点,并对实践教学中存在的种种问题进行反思,提出提高合作办学项目英语教学质量的几点建议。     

Labour Market Policy and Welfare Reform: Meeting Distribution and Efficiency Objectives

Alongside the growth in overall employment and the steady rise in average real incomes over the 1990s, many developed countries experienced a concentration of low labour market attachment and low pay among certain groups in society. In response, the focus of welfare policy shifted towards targeted making work pay programs. This paper considers the validity of the arguments underlying this shift in welfare policy. It examines two broad classes of policies: active labour market programs and earned income tax credits.     

Old Wine in a New Bottle: Growth Convergence Dynamics in the EU

In this paper, we explore convergence of real per capita output across the European Union (EU) countries, as well as the transitional behavior of possible underlying factors that are responsible for any convergence or divergence pattern. The new panel convergence methodology developed by Phillips and Sul (2007) is employed in a production function growth accounting approach and data from the Total Economy Database and the Total Economy Growth Accounting Database. The empirical findings suggest that the EU countries form two distinct convergent clubs, exhibiting considerable heterogeneity in the underlying growth factors. These findings should help policy makers in designing appropriate growth-oriented programs as well as in setting priorities in their implementation.     

谈电视专题片的结构设计

电视专题片的结构设计，是创作者提供一个电视专题完整的结构形态。这个形态要反映出事物的内在规律；要服从表现的主题，要适应不同的文体。此外，还要掌握结构的技巧问题。     

森林资源资产会计准则的国际比较

目前世界范围内仅对森林资源资产中林木资产的会计核算有适用的会计准则,即生物资产准则。本文对我国《企业会计准则第5号——生物资产准则》与IAS41、AASB1037中林木资产的处理与披露进行比较并作简要评述,分析森林资源资产会计准则的国际趋同趋势。     

国外常客计划研究综述与展望

常客计划已经成为市场营销和客户关系管理的重要的工具。常客计划研究已成为国外营销学界研究的重要主题,但国内研究几乎是空白。本文对国外常客计划研究的内容和研究成果进行了回顾,其中包括常客计划的定义与目标、常客计划方案设计中的策略选择和常客计划的作用机制与作用效果。文章在对常客计划研究现状进行评论的基础上,构建了一个常客计划的研究框架,同时提出了常客计划绩效评价的概念模型。     

DO INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND PROGRAMS IMPACT ON THE SACRIFICE RATIO?

From time to time, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) makes resources available to member states for short‐term balance‐of‐payments support under an agreed arrangement know as a program. Most IMF programs include quantitative performance criteria for key macroeconomic variables, which borrowers must meet to obtain Fund resources. Standard open economy models predict that if policymakers are able to credibly commit to reducing inflation, rational economic agents will lower their expectations of inflation and, therefore, the trade‐off between inflation and output will fall. The present study tests whether IMF programs, by lending credibility to a country's adjustment program, influence the inflation–output trade‐off. The results from the study suggest that IMF programs do not significantly influence the inflation–output trade‐off. This finding is robust to changes in the estimation approach, the method used to obtain the output gap estimates and outliers.     

Distribution dynamics: stratification, polarization, and convergence among OECD economies, 1870-1992

Using a distribution dynamics approach, the growth experience of 17 OECD economies is investigated. After explaining the distribution dynamics approach, the empirical analysis examines both the observed period dynamics and the unique long-run equilibrium associated with three periods. This study suggests persistence and stratification, not convergence, characterized the pre-1914 regime, whereas convergence was the key feature of the post-war regime. However, a larger sample of OECD economies in the post-war period indicates that convergence was primarily a feature of the Golden Age and in the post-Golden Age period separation, polarization, and divergence came to the fore.     

高职院校中外合作办学教材选用研究——以江苏经贸职业技术学院为例

近年来，中外合作办学已成为许多高校的办学新模式。通过分析江苏经贸职业技术学院合作办学教材选用的现状和存在的问题，就中外合作办学教材建设工作提出了几点建议。     

Relative Effects of IFRS Adoption and IFRS Convergence on Financial Statement Comparability

One of the primary objectives of both adoption of IFRS and convergence between IFRS and U.S. GAAP is to increase financial statement comparability. Using a unique setting in Germany, we compare the effectiveness of these two approaches in achieving this desired outcome. Our empirical tests show that both adoption and convergence lead to an increase in comparability after the new enforcement regulation in 2005. However, difference‐in‐differences tests show that adoption does not lead to a significant incremental increase in comparability beyond convergence. The findings of this study should be of interest to regulators and standard setters as they assess alternative methods of aligning domestic standards with IFRS.     

The Effectiveness of Alternative Risk Assessment and Program Planning Tools in a Fraud Setting*

This study examines the impact of alternative risk assessment (standard risk checklist versus no checklist) and program development (standard program versus no program) tools on two facets of fraud planning effectiveness: (1) the quality of audit procedures relative to a benchmark validated by a panel of experts, and (2) the propensity to consult fraud experts. A between‐subjects experiment, using an SEC enforcement fraud case, was conducted to examine these relationships. Sixty‐nine auditors made risk assessments and designed an audit program. We found that auditors who used a standard risk checklist, structured by SAS No. 82 risk categories, made lower risk assessments than those without a checklist. This suggests that the use of the checklist was associated with a less effective diagnosis of the fraud. We also found that auditors with a standard audit program designed a relatively less effective fraud program than those without this tool but were not more willing to seek consultation with fraud experts. This suggests that standard programs may impair auditors' ability to respond to fraud risk. Finally, our results show that fraud risk assessment (FRASK) was not associated with the planning of more effective fraud procedures but was directly associated with the desire to consult with fraud specialists. This suggests that one benefit of improved FRASK is its relation with consultation. Overall, the findings call into question the effectiveness of standard audit tools in a fraud setting and highlight the need for a more strategic reasoning approach in an elevated risk situation.     

Provincial Development in China: Lessons from EU Regional Policy Experience

Abstract

This article evaluates and compares regional development in the Chinese provinces and in the regions of the European Union (EU) countries. Development efforts in southern Italy, northeast England and eastern Germany are reviewed along with EU, Community-wide regional development programmes. Equity concerns suggest promotion of regional policy, but the pursuit of maximum national economic growth would avoid it, since it sacrifices some economic growth. The impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) and domestic investments on individual Chinese provinces is compared with their impact in Europe. There is an implicit contrast between public sector regional development programs and more effective private foreign direct investments.     

Transboundary Pollution in Southeast Asia: The Indonesian Fires

Uncontrollable forest fires in Indonesia have caused much environmental damage in Southeast Asia with immediate countries such as Singapore, Malaysia, Brunei, and even Southern Thailand bearing most of it. The intentional burning of forests has engendered a transboundary haze pollution problem with severe economic ramifications in both victim and perpetrator countries. This paper reviews the related issues and suggested policy responses from the different interdisciplinary perspectives. Identification and analysis by way of a “stakeholders approach” to the possible sharing of costs in certain programs to combat the fires and haze is suggested. The paper also discusses the role of economic incentives in managing forest fires.     

论任务型教学法在高职中外合作办学大学英语教学中的运用

高等职业技术学院中外合作办学的学生入学分数低、基础差、学习动力不足,学习英语的态度、方法等都存在一些问题.任务型教学法强调学习者通过使用目的语进行交互活动,进而掌握语言交流的实际能力.“任务型教学”的运用和实践将对外语教学模式的转变、学生语言运用能力的培养以及学习者“互动式”学习方式的形成起到积极而有益的促进作用.     

视节目植入式广告对消费者影响的实证研究

虽然植入式广告在学界和业界引起广泛关注,但是现有研究中仍缺乏系统化的研究体系和框架.文章在消费者社会化理论的基础上建立了影视节目植入式广告对消费者社会化影响的概念模型,并通过对比传统广告和植入式广告,实证研究了消费者对植入式广告的态度和相关消费行为方面的基本规律.