境外工程项目审计监督的困扰及其策略创新

目前中国企业走出去步伐不断加快,中央企业在境外的基础建设和工程项目的承包模式、项目种类、规模正日渐扩大,工程项目数量也越来越多。同时在境外工程项目承揽、施工、移交的过程中存在各种风险。党和国家高度重视境外国有资产的安全,既要兼顾“走出去”策略的推动,又要加强监管,谨防国有资产流失。对境外工程项目展开例行的审计监督,探索一个适用的路径、体例和方式,进一步强化境外工程项目审计,进一步完善境外国有资产审计监督的工作机制,为进一步完成审计全覆盖的任务打好基础,确保境外国有资产运营的安全和保值增值。本文从内部审计的角度,探索对境外工程项目开展审计监督的困扰和策略创新。     

我国境外国有资产审计业务探析

市场国际化已成为国有企业发展的常态,但由于境外国有资产在管理方式、管理水平等方面存在诸多不尽人意的地方,对其进行有效监管成为审计人员工作难点。本文针对境外国有资产存在的问题,提出审计重点及审计对策建议,以促进境外国有资产审计工作进一步发展。     

境外工程项目资金审计思考——以某输变电项目为例

本文以某输变电项目资金审计为例,分析境外工程项目资金审计实施方法、存在的问题,并总结相关启示,找出加强央企境外工程项目资金管控的方法,确保境外资金的安全性,切实做到国有资产保值增值.     

配合“一带一路”战略加强企业境外资产审计

"一带一路"战略是与实现中华民族伟大复兴密切相关的热门话题,其实施涉及到我国境外投资、境外国有资产的监督审计问题。我国在实施"走出去"战略的同时,境外国有资产监督难的问题日益凸显。一、企业境外资产监管和审计的现状与困难(一)企业境外资产规模巨大。据国务院国资委统计,截至2014年底,我国共有107家中央企业在境外设立了8515家分支机构,分布在全球150多个国家和地区。"十二     

浅议对境外国企从事金融衍生品业务的监管

由于法律的本土性和境外监管的复杂性,我国在对境外国企衍生品业务的监管上存在诸多漏洞,境外国企在衍生品投资领域屡屡触礁.本文拟从国资委最新发布的《中央企业境外国有资产监督管理暂行办法》出发,透视现行监管制度的不足,提出完善监管体系的建议.     

自然人代持国有境外股难避法律风险

近年来,国有企业国际化经营渐成潮流,对海外的投资也在迅速增加。然而,审计中发现,部分国有企业在进行境外投资时缺乏风险意识,为国有资产的流失埋下了隐患,自然人代持国有境外股就是其典型表现之一。     

央企境外投资审计监督研究

<正>央企境外投资的成败决定国有资产的安全性和保值增值,从国家层面来看,对境外投资的审计监督尚未达到全面覆盖,央企内部审计因此应承担起更多的监督职能。境外投资面临政治、法律、经济、社会文化、整合等特有风险,也意味着审计人员有可能因为不熟悉当地法律法规政策、营商环境、会计准则而无法做出准确客观评价,蕴含较高审计风险,在实施方面也存在不少困难。针对这些困境,文章提出四点建议,包括开展审计调研全面摸排风险、日常跟踪与专项审计并举、审计资源协调共享、借助信息化手段开展项目,以期提供借鉴。     

内部审计如何应对账外资金

随着企业制度的改革,企业内部经营机制更具开放性和灵活性,经营自主权和资金管理权进一步加大,而个别单位内部控制制度不健全,在一定程度上为部分单位账外设账、私设“小金库”提供了条件.账外设账对国家、社会及个人危害极大,它扩大了消费基金,侵占了国有资产,甚至让个别领导干部走上贪污腐败的道路.因此,内部审计在每一个项目的审计过程中应充分考虑审计风险,运用各种审计方法,将查出账外资金作为一项主要审计程序,以保护国有资产的安全和完整.本文结合工作实践,就如何查证账外资金,谈几点肤浅的认识.     

浅谈加强蒙古国建筑市场的中国国有经济资产的管理

当前,在蒙古国境内我国的建筑市场投资项目越来越多,在国有大型企业的带动下,对蒙建筑投资市场的繁荣需要有相应的国有资产管理体制进行控制。境外的国有资产管理应该考虑到建筑市场的特殊性,要针对建筑市场的增值空间、长期作用等问题建立独特的监管制度。在具体的管理控制过程中应该重视境外中国国有资产监管内容的控制、保证国有资产监管力度、充实监管方法,结合经济学,从市场规制法视角,更好地完善国有资产管理体制。本文分析了对蒙建筑投资过程中中国国有经济资产管理的迫切性,探索了境外中国国有资产管理的主要内容和方法,提出了现今蒙古国境内建筑市场环境中,中国国有资产管理存在的问题,在分析问题、联系理论的基础上总结了相应的应对措施,为境外中国国有建筑市场资产管理规划提出了宝贵的建议。     

企业国有资产会计监督中存在的问题和对策

国有资产属于国家所有,必须加强对国有资产的会计监督。当前在我国国有资产会计监督过程中,存在着会计核算的质量不高,会计监管制度不完善,缺乏有效的内部控制和内部审计机制以及国有企业管理意识淡薄,且财会工作人员素质低下等问题。要加强国有资产会计监督,必须明确责任,加强对国有资产会计监管的重视程度,增强财会人员素质,健全企业内部的会计监管制度,并严格执行,加强国有企业内部控制和国家审计机关对国有资产的会计监管。     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.     

浅议金融机构的举证责任

金融纠纷案件是当事人以存单或进账单、对账单、存款合同、保险单、票据、证券等凭证为主要证据向人民法院提出诉讼的案件,对于不同种类金融纠纷的当事人的举证责任,我国现行的金融法律、法规及司法解释有不同的规定。由于金融机构的特殊法律地位,发生金融纠纷时存在有关当事人将最后偿付风险转移给金融机构承担的主观故意,在客观上会使金融机构难以提供相应的证据来对抗不法债权人的诉讼请求,而导致金融机构败诉。为此,对金融诉讼案件中金融机构的举证责任加以研究具有重要的实践意义。     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…