平衡计分卡在企业R&D绩效评价中的应用

R&D绩效评价是企业R&D管理中的一个重要环节,各种评价方法都有其局限性。平衡计分卡引入到R&D绩效评价活动中,重视R&D活动对企业长期发展的战略影响,建立平衡计分卡绩效评价体系,科学地分析R&D部门的优势与不足,适时调整和修正战略。     

VARIANCE RATIO TESTS OF THE RANDOM WALK HYPOTHESIS FOR SOUTH AFRICAN STOCK FUTURES

The hypothesis that stock futures follow a random walk is tested for four stock index futures and a sample of 36 single stock futures traded on the JSE Securities Exchange, South Africa, using joint variance ratio tests based on (i) ranks and signs and (ii) wild bootstrapping. Overall, there is a high degree of weak‐form efficiency: all four stock index futures and twenty‐five of the sample of 36 single stock futures follow a random walk.     

我国开放式股票型基金业绩持续性的实证研究

近年来,越来越多的投资者将会把开放式基金作为其投资产品的一个重要组成部分。而对基金业绩的持续性进行评估是促进基金业健康发展的重要环节,具有非常重要的意义。本文选取了2008年9月前公开发行的122只基金作为样本,采用交叉积率和卡方检验方法对基金的业绩持续性进行实证分析,结果表明:我国开放式股票型基金的业绩一般不具有较为显著的持续性,但指数型基金一般具有较强的持续性。     

Note on global dynamics and imbalance effects in the Lucas–Uzawa model

In the traditional literature on the Lucas–Uzawa model, it is proved that in the so‐called normal parametric case, human capital stock grows at a rate greater than its long‐run counterpart in the neighbourhood of the long‐run balanced growth path. We first prove that the claim is true outside the neighborhood of balanced growth paths. More importantly, we identify a crucial asymmetry: whatever the parametric case considered, physical capital stock always grows at a rate lower than its long‐run counterpart when the ratio of physical to human capital is above its long‐run value.     

基于因子分析的上市公司股票期权业绩评价研究

本文选择17项指标构建上市公司经营业绩评价体系,选取30家实施股票期权计划的上市公司作为研究样本用统计软件SPSS17.0进行因子分析,得出反映上市公司综合业绩的7个因子,并计算因子得分和综合得分,所得评价结果与实际情况基本相符。研究结果为上市公司进行综合业绩评价提供了科学的理论和方法。     

Performance Persistence of Dutch Pension Funds

This paper studies the investment performance of pension funds with a focus on their ability in implementing their intended investment strategy. We use a sample of Dutch industry-wide pension funds, which are obliged by law to report their investment performance according to the so-called z-score. The z-score is a risk-adjusted performance measure with benchmark settings predefined by Dutch law. We find that pension funds as a group cannot beat their self-selected benchmarks consistently. Applying a cross-sectional portfolio approach we find evidence that the largest pension funds outperform the smallest funds.     

On the specification of risk aversion in an expenditure equation

Summary The article starts with an attempt at deriving the consequences of introducing uncertainty in a very simple one-period investment model. Within the framework of this model it justifies the well-known procedure of Duesenberry of (subjectively) increasing the marginal cost of funds.The results of this simple model are used as a starting point for the more general problem of uncertain receipts, available funds and planned expenditure,i.e., expenditure planned without taking into account the uncertainty receipts. In general, there is a gap between available funds and planned expenditure. It is argued that the fraction of the gap which is bridged depends on the size of the gap relative to the available funds. The final part of the article tries to apply these ideas to the specification of a macro-consumption function.     

基于DEA方法的光伏产业上市公司经营绩效研究——以23家光伏产业上市公司为例

利用DEA理论中的BCC模型对中国光伏产业23家上市公司的经营绩效进行研究,发现有些企业处于非DEA有效,整个产业发展不平衡。     

股权投资综合指数体系设计与资本市场相对力度分析的研究

多层次资本市场的财经指数应由股票投资市场的指数和股权投资市场的指数共同组成,以我国股权投资市场为研究对象,提出中国股权投资综合指数体系的编制方法,是对我国财经指数研究领域的一个重要补充。股权投资综合指数计算结果表明股权投资市场的总体活跃程度在2011年呈现上升趋势,在2012年到2013年间呈现下降趋势;可选消费行业的股权投资平均活跃程度最高,医药卫生行业的股权投资平均活跃程度最低。进一步探讨股票投资市场和股权投资市场之间相对力度分析指标,2011年股票投资市场相比股权投资市场的相对力度呈现快速下降趋势,2012年到2013年呈现低位波动调整状态;在医药卫生行业领域,股票投资市场相对于股权投资市场的活跃程度更强势一些,资本市场投资资金在医药卫生行业的投向上更倾向于股票投资市场。     

企业隐性知识管理绩效评估的指标体系建设研究

知识管理绩效评估是知识管理的重要内容之一,绩效评估的科学性和准确性直接影响知识管理策略的改进和企业的创新发展。绩效评价指标的科学性和合理性对绩效评估结果的准确性至关重要。在对知识链及平衡计分卡（BSC）进行相关性分析的基础上,从知识链过程节点出发,改进平衡计分卡的维度设计,建立基于平衡记分卡和知识链的企业隐性知识管理绩效评估指标体系。     

市场进入次序优势在基金业中的实证研究

本文对基金市场的进入次序优势进行了实证研究。选取54只封闭式基金作为样本，以基金净值增长率为因变量，以基金设立时间、基金规模、证券指数变化、利率等为自变量，进行回归分析。结果显示基金市场存在先动优势，即基金设立时间越早，平均净值增长率越高。     

Stock market rationality and price volatility: Tests using Japanese data

This paper tests the stock market rationality hypothesis, which implies that a stock price is determined as the discounted sum of optimally forecasted future dividends. Mankiw-Romer-Shapiro volatility tests and new volatility tests which do not use the unobservable “ex post rational price” are applied to the data from a stock market in Japan. A Hausman type specification test of the market rationality hypothesis is also developed and applied to the data. The results suggest that we cannot reject the hypothesis that the Japanese stock market is rational. A couple of variance inequalities are violated by the data but the violation does not seem to be significant. J. Japan. Int. Econ., December 1987, 1(4), pp. 441–462. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139.     

Income Convergence in African Countries: Evidence from a Stationary Test With Multiple Structural Breaks

This paper examines the catching‐up (stochastic convergence in real per capita income) hypothesis for 52 African countries with respect to the USA. over the 1969‐2011 period, using a highly flexible stationarity test. The empirical results show (i) that all African countries experienced at least one break, switching between catching‐up and divergence paths during the sample period; (ii) that structural breaks tend to coincide with political instability, trade liberalisation policies and terms of trade shocks; (iii) that among the 52 African countries studied, only five lie on the catching‐up path, while the remaining 47 diverge from the USA. Our results show that the economic performance of African countries fall far behind those of the USA and that the economic growth tragedy of Africa continues.     

Does board gender diversity matter in the banking sector? Evidence from Tunisia

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of board gender diversity on banks’ performance and risk for the case of a developing African country. Our sample includes a unique data set of Tunisian banks during the period 2005–2018. We use the two‐way cluster regression proposed by Petersen. This approach corrects for the unobserved firm effect (time‐series dependence) and time effect (cross‐sectional dependence). It gives robust standard errors adjusted for heteroscedasticity, serial correlation, and cross‐sectional correlation. Our results support a positive relationship between gender diversity and banks’ performance measured by ROA and ROE, while women board members are associated with more default risk measured by Z‐score. Our results remain robust to various measures of gender diversity, banks’ performance and risk. The findings contribute to the literature by providing empirical evidence from Tunisia, an African emerging economy, where the examination of the role of board gender diversity on bank governance is unexplored.     

The distribution of seigniorage: a note on klein and neumann

Conclusion Building on Drazen [1985], we have developed a suitable framework for the analysis of the revenue from money and its distribution between the government and the central bank. In contrast to the accounting system offered by K-N, this framework adopts a consistent approach with respect to the stock and flow aspects of monetary revenue. Comparing their measure of the government’s share in monetary revenue with ours, one can conclude that K-N: (i) neglect the stock effects of monetary revenue; (ii) use an incorrect concept of debt in their definition of the government’s revenue; and (iii) mistakenly include a revaluation term in their definition of fiscal seigniorage. After correction for this last factor the share of the government in total seigniorage rises from 38.3 per cent to 64.8 per cent. It should be noticed that in the literature often a narrower concept of monetary revenue is used, namely the change in high-powered money (M). This concept neglects the stock component of the revenue of money (r M) as well as the operating and other costs of the central bank. At first sight, this may seem appropriate if the analysis concentrates on the tax aspect, i.e. the savings due to money creation, rather than the broader issue of evaluation of the benefits of the monetary monopoly. This concerns the extensive literature on optimal seigniorage as well as the literature on the tax-seigniorage trade-off [cf. Grilli, 1989]. However, as is clearly pointed out by Klein and Neumann, it is just with respect to this fiscal aspect of money that the distribution of revenues from money between the central bank and the government becomes relevant.     

Public information content and market information efficiency: A comparison between China and the U.S.

Based on the concept that the presence of public information shocks can increase the synchronicity of stock returns, we develop an extended version of the mixture of distribution hypothesis model (MDH) along the lines of Andersen (1996) to measure the public information content embedded in the stock prices. The results show that although we add an additional information structure, the significance of the MDH is still higher than that of Andersen's (1996) model, which indicates that our setting is reasonable. We measure and compare the market effectiveness between China and the United States from 1998 to 2016 by using the public information content calculated by the developed MDH model. The calculation results show that the average public information in the Chinese market is 0.336, which means the market efficiency is slightly lower than 0.317 in the United States.¹ Further analysis shows that market efficiency has increased steadily between 2002 and 2014 and has smaller volatility in the Chinese market. The slow increasing in market efficiency indicate that the securities laws enacted by China in the 1990s and 2000s aimed at promoting the development of the stock market are effective.     

基于平衡计分卡的财政支出绩效考评模型设计

我国的公共预算改革正在尝试向绩效预算方向发展．由于缺乏相应的理论和制度基础,目前研究的重点是财政支出绩效考评制度的建立。本文希望借助平街计分卡的绩效评价管理方法,克服传统的绩效考评难以协调内部和外部矛盾、长期和短期的利益冲突等问题,为我国财政支出绩效考评建立科学的考评指标和完善的绩效预算评价体系。     

Ghana government fiscal deficits: how small or how large?

Measuring fiscal performance is not easy. Official budget measuresare often flawed with measurement problems, so much so thatthey may provide a distorted picture of fiscal policy performance.This paper estimates several measures of Ghana Government fiscalbalances. The results show that (i) the treatment of grantsand divestiture (capital) receipts as regular revenues obscuresthe reality that primary expenditures needed for basic governmentfunctions have become unsustainable by conventional tax revenuesince 1992; (ii) conventional budget balance understated thebroad deficit on average by about 3% of GDP between 1983 and1995 and by as much as 4% of GDP by another deficit measure;(iii) depreciation-induced interest cost on the external debtaveraged 0.5% of GDP annually; (iv) deficit financing by inflationtax on the stock of domestic debt averaged 3.8% of GDP; and(v) the consolidated public sector deficit exceeded the centralgovernment operational deficit on average by 1.2% of GDP forthe period 1983-95.     

Illiquidity and the Measurement of Stock Price Synchronicity

This paper demonstrates that measures of stock price synchronicity based on market model R² s are predictably biased downward as a result of stock illiquidity, and that previously employed remedies to correct market model betas for measurement bias do not fix R² . Using a large international sample of firm-years, we find strong negative and nonlinear relations between illiquidity and R² across countries, across firms, and over time. Because variables of interest frequently relate to illiquidity as well, we illustrate the consequences of not controlling for illiquidity in synchronicity research. More generally, we demonstrate the importance of using nonlinear control variable methods. Overall, we conclude that the illiquidity-driven measurement bias in R² provides an explanation for why prior research finds low-R² firms to have weak information environments, and suggest future research carefully evaluate the sensitivity of its results to nonlinear controls for illiquidity.