关于开展2012中国纺织年度创新人物评选活动的通知

各有关单位：在党中央、国务院及胡锦涛总书记向全社会发出的到＂2020年建成创新型国家＂战略号召四周年之际,2012年作为＂十二五＂规划承上启下的重要一年,全面提高自主创新能力、推进产业结构优化升级,积极推进改革开放和自主创新,已成为经济工作的重要任务。提升自主创新能力,建设创新型国家政策方针,加强科技创新、品牌创新、管理创新,对于中国纺织工业由大做强,实现科技、品牌、可持续及人才战略的发展具有深远意义。今年,我国的纺织行业受宏观经济环境影响,     

适应市场经济的发展培养创新型人才

市场经济要发展，对人才的创新能力培养是关键。本文从创造教育在培养创新型人才的作用为切入点，通过实施创新教育的主要内容入手，阐述培养大学生创造性思维的方法。旨在落实《面向21世纪教育振兴行动计划》，为实施“高层次创造性人才的培养工程”、“知识创新、技术创新、知识传播、适应应用四大系统构成国家创新体系工程”寻求有效途径。     

高校创新型人才培养的对策研究

加强自主创新,建设创新型国家,是我国在当前所处的发展阶段和世界发展格局的基础上提出的重大战略决策。大力发展创新教育,培养创新型人才,是高等教育的基本目标。高校培养创新型人才是当今社会发展的需要,也是完善高等教育自身发展的需要。文章首先分析了我国培养创新人才的内涵、特征,然后提出了高校培养创新型人才的对策。     

知识员工创造性人格的系统结构探究

知识员工的创造性人格是具有一定结构和功能,以及中介主体创新成就的有机系统。系统由生理基础、心理成分和个体行为等诸要素构成。深度探究知识员工创造性人格系统的统合性与独特性、交互性与复杂性、发展性与稳定性、规律性与非线性等特征,并厘清系统赖以形成和发展的内在与外在原因,以裨益于创新人才的培养和创新型国家的建设。     

努力提升现代企业用人管理水平

现代企业的建立，必须要有先进的科技和庞大精良的人才队伍来支撑，人才已经成为决定企业生死的关键要素。积极创新引入用人机制，重视人才的培养和现有人才的盘活，树立“有用即人才”的人才评价标准，从关注学历、职称向关注人才的能力素质拓展，从关注成名成业的“显人才”向关注“潜人才”、“准人才”拓展。在实现现代企业发展目标的牵引下形成更具生命活力的团队。为人才创业、成长营造公平公正、规范有序的法治环境，以及鼓励创新和开放包容的人环境。     

科技系统:完善科技创新体系 突破产业关键技术

启动创新型企业试点工作加快实施创新型集团建设2009年适逢集团公司成立十周年,是继续深入推进科技创新、做好"十二五"规划的关键之年。科技系统围绕集团公司产业技术发展的需求,统筹规划,全面推进集团公司科技创新工作,积极开展"十二五"科技发展规划研究和知识产权战略研究,启动创新型企业试点工作,加快实施创新型集团建设。     

《全国知识产权教育培训指导纲要》修订印发

为进一步加强知识产权教育培训工作的科学化水平,不断提升知识产权人才队伍素质,提高知识产权人才服务经济社会发展能力,为国家经济社会发展和知识产权事业发展提供人才保证和智力支持,根据《国家中长期人才发展规划纲要（2010—2020年）》、《知识产权人才＂十二五＂规划（2011-2015年）》以及《关于加强知识产权人才体系建设的意见》精神,日前,国家知识产权局修订了《全国知识产权教育培训指导纲要》（以下简称《纲要》）,并向全国印发。     

科研实践是印刷机械专业创新型人才培养的关键

随着知识经济时代的到来,印刷设备制造工业对创新型人才的需求日益上升。只有加强本科生的科研实践训练,才能培养出符合时代需要以及国家发展需要的创新型人才。本文提出加强印刷机械专业大学生科研实践训练的几点措施,其中包括重视大学生科协的建设;鼓励教师指导大学生建立科研创新团队;加强大学生科研实践训练平台的建设;鼓励开放研究生课题,吸引本科生的加入,从而实现本科生和研究生联合进行科研实践活动。通过实践验证了这些方法的有效性和可行性。     

坚持技术立院人才立院

党的十六届五中全会通过了《中共中 央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十一个 五年规划的建议》。《建议》提出,要深 入实施科教兴国战略和人才强国战略。胡 锦涛总书记指出:“人才是科技发展的根 本,是科技创新的关键。”当前,在建设 创新型国家的伟大进程中,只要真正坚持 “人才资源是第一资源”的科学论断,真 正把自主创新作为国家科技发展的基点,     

如何构建企业积聚人才的“软环境”

文章就如何构建企业积聚人才的＂软环境＂,从如何营造人才施展才能的环境,人才成长发展的环境,人才工作、生活的良好环境和企业融洽向上的人文环境等四个方面进行了探讨分析。     

From citadels to clusters: the evolution of regional innovation policies in Australia

In Australia, the federal (central) and State (regional) governments share constitutional responsibility for aspects of science and innovation policy. In practice, the federal government has tended to overshadow the States both in funding and policy for research and innovation. It can be argued that we are now seeing the strong rebirth of regionalism (at least at the State level) as far as government support for science, technology and knowledge-based industries is concerned. The paper traces the growth of regional innovation policies through examples of initiatives from South Australia and other regions and examines the respective contributions of the State and federal governments. The character of State government support has evolved over the last 15 years, from sponsoring grand 'technology citadels' to today's strategies that take a more bottom-up approach to building intense innovation environments, local clusters and knowledge hubs. Some of these trends reflect the influence of the global knowledge economy on regional industries, while others (notably the relative decline of the federal government as an R&D performer) are peculiarities of the Australian innovation system. The outcome is a significant evolution in Australia's innovation system, one which parallels responses to globalisation in other countries and suggests a different – but not diminished – role for public sector innovation policy.     

The framing of innovation among European research funding actors: Assessing the potential for ‘responsible research and innovation’ in the food and health domain

Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) has recently emerged as a new framework for science and technology governance. The concept articulates the need for mutual exchange by which societal actors become responsive to each other early on in the process of innovation, with a view to facilitate ethically acceptable and sustainable innovation. There is relatively limited evidence to explore the extent to which the process of research and innovation under the terms of RRI is realised in practice, particularly in the context of food and health research. Although research to date has been examining innovation from the point of view of inputs and outputs—R&D funding and patents—we propose to examine the cognitive framing of innovation that shapes decisions of those who constitute a part of the innovation chain. This paper explores how the concept of innovation is understood and used in policy implementation, with a particular focus upon ‘food and health’ science and research policy and funding. Our analysis is based on 55 interviews of various actors engaged in research funding decision-making across eight European countries. Three themes emerged from the analysis: concept of innovation; conditions for innovation; and drivers of innovation; through these themes, the cognitive framing was drawn out. The cognitive framing suggests that innovation in the food and health domain is perceived to be focused on biosciences and marketable applications to the neglect of social sciences and broader public interest; that the “innovation network” is primarily viewed as centred around scientific/technical and industrial actors; and that the demand-pull dynamic is relevant to innovation in the area of food and health, despite having been relegated in contemporary thinking and policies around innovation. These findings point to the inadequate consideration of the normative issues—how problems are to be defined and addressed—among national research funders in the food and health domain, and indicate a gap between the ideas of innovation under the terms of RRI and innovation as conceptualised by those involved in its governance.     

当代创业企业的经济性质——当代科技创新劳动的市场性综合定价机制

本文认为，理解当代创业企业经济性质的初始点是当代科技创新劳动的异质性，当代科技创新劳动的异质性决定了当代科技创新劳动报酬计量的复杂性与艰巨性。当代创业企业，基本质上是一种关于当代科技创新劳动的市场性综合定价机制。在市场经济条件下，由科技创新者自身创办企业，拥有创业企业的所有权，就是对当代科技创新劳动报酬进行计量的一种市场生综合定价机制。     

科学发展观与经济增长方式转变

从大多数国家的经济发展历史看,工业化从粗放型增长方式起步是一个共同现象.而“血拼”式竞争和政府直接参与的地区竞赛成为20多年来中国经济发展的两大显著特点.从“十五”到“十一五”时期,最大的思想进步就是：认识到仅仅在一般的调节手段和政策设计上进行调整,是不足以实现经济增长方式的根本改变的.必须进行发展观念上的深刻反思,以科学发展观统领和指导经济和社会发展.因此,是否能通过树立科学发展观来改变社会价值观,改变竞争和商业文明的基本理念,就成为能否实现经济增长方式转变的关键.十几亿人口参与的工业化对资源的大量消耗和对环境的巨大影响是一个极大的人类难题.转变增长方式,以资源节约和环境友好的可持续方式推进中国工业化,才能实现中国经济和社会的现代化.而能否真正实现经济增长方式的转变,取决于能否在科学发展观指导下实现理论、技术、制度和管理的不断创新.     

Collective entrepreneurship at Qualcomm: combining collective and entrepreneurial practices to turn employee ideas into action

Successful new products are essential to every company for survival in the marketplace. Especially discontinuous innovations are attractive because they can contribute to revenue growth by creating new businesses or addressing new market segments. Employees and their entrepreneurial spirit are often not fully utilized in a company's innovation activity. This paper presents a coherent methodology to promote corporate entrepreneurship and transform the creative thinking of many employees into valuable products. The application of this methodology at Qualcomm has resulted in more than 1,100 participants submitting almost 730 new business ideas, resulting in over $60 million in funding for several incubation and joint‐venture projects over the past four years, some of which have already produced innovations that the company values at over $300 million. Further, the paper discusses the limitations of this approach, its transferability to other companies as well as implications for future research.     

吉林省对外科技交流与合作对引进消化吸收再创新的促进作用分析

文章本着提高自主创新能力,必须加大科技投入,特别是R&D投入强度,降低对外技术依存度的观点,分析了十一五期间,吉林省对外科技交流工作在经费、项目、活动方面的投入,同时分析了上述投入对促进吉林省引进消化吸收再创新的促进作用。     

科技金融对创新效率影响的实证研究——基于中国高技术产业省级面板数据

基于中国东部、中部、西部以及全国2007~2016年高技术产业的省级面板数据,以科技经费投入和技术人力投入作为投入指标,以专利数量和新产品的产值作为产出指标,首先使用DEA方法计算了不同地区高技术产业的创新效率。以企业自主创新投入、政府支持、科技信贷和风投支持作为科技金融指标,使用面板模型实证分析了科技金融对于高技术产业创新效率的影响。结果表明,考察期内,中国不同地区高技术产业的创新效率均有所提升;科技金融的发展在一定程度上提升了高技术产业的创新效率,但是外商直接投资对于创新效率产生了一定的抑制作用。最后针对本文结论提出了相关建议。     

When does corporate venture capital add value for new ventures?

New ventures face a trade‐off when considering corporate venture capital (CVC) funding. Corporate investors can provide complementary assets that enhance the commercialization of new venture technologies. However, tight links with a particular corporate investor has drawbacks and may constrain new ventures from accessing complementary assets from diverse sources in an open market. Taking this trade‐off into account, we explore conditions under which CVC funding is beneficial to new ventures. Using a sample of computer, semiconductor, and wireless ventures, we find that CVC funding is particularly beneficial for new ventures when they require specialized complementary assets or operate in uncertain environments. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Mapping network champion behavior in B2B electronic venturing

This study examines the concept of a new venture, B2B e-market in the light of participants who are involved in its innovation and diffusion processes. Our assessment results in the development of two key working propositions. The first proposition attempts to explain the relationship of the participants in the network and their contribution to innovation and diffusion processes over time. The second proposition attempts to explain how network champions (NC) contribute by bringing suppliers and buyers together in an electronic marketplace over time. In particular, this research adds to the industrial marketing literature by applying a case research method that is particularly useful for operationalizing theory development in business-to-business environments.     

How entrepreneurs leverage institutional intermediaries in emerging economies to acquire public resources

Research summary: Governments in emerging economies often use institutional intermediaries to promote entrepreneurship, and bridge the void between ventures and public funding. While prior literature describes what institutional intermediaries do, it leaves open how intermediaries support different types of entrepreneurs. By comparing science park and non‐science park firms in Beijing and across China, we distinguish which entrepreneurs benefit from certification versus capability‐building through the introduction of two new constructs: skill adequacy and context relevance. Broadly, our study adds insights at the nexus of emerging economies and entrepreneurship research, and to the tie formation and institutional intermediaries literatures. Managerial summary: A key dilemma facing entrepreneurs is how to finance their ventures. While entrepreneurs in developed economies can seek VC or angel investment, entrepreneurs in emerging economies often need to pursue potential government funding opportunities. Our study highlights three strategies for acquiring government funding. Well‐connected entrepreneurs can leverage their political ties to acquire such funding. Less‐connected entrepreneurs can leverage science parks that in emerging markets are designed to help governments to identify promising ventures. For returnees whose ample experience abroad may not fit with local ways of doing business, gaining science park admission can certify quality and so ease the path to government funding. For technically skilled local entrepreneurs who lack business skills, science parks can help build such skills, which then ease the path to government funding. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.