完善电子化政府采购体系的构想

作者在研究国内外电子化政府采购现状的基础上,从电子化政府采购的业务流程、规范化与标准化、法律法规、信息安全和成本效益等方面进行了分析,总结了我国当前电子化政府采购的特点和模式,指出了需要进一步解决的问题。并结合国内外电子化政府采购实践,提出了基于电子商务和电子政务的电子化政府采购模型,对电子化政府采购法律法规建设、规范化标准化建设、信息安全和绩效评估提出了建议。     

政府采购绩效评估相关问题的研究

政府采购绩效评估是在政府采购的实际工作中实行的一种专项评估行为。本文对政府采购绩效坪估的内涵技意义、指标体系及对策建议进行了详冬的介绍。有利于我们更为全面、深入地了解政府采购绩效评估,对于政府采购工作公正、高效的进一步开展也有很好的促进作用。     

高校政府采购绩效管理体系建设研究

随着政府对预算绩效关注度的提高,政府采购绩效评价的重要性逐渐在理论界被提及。高校在政府采购绩效管理体系建设方面尚有诸多需要面对和解决的问题,如绩效管理理论和实践欠缺、监管方向偏差导致绩效评估难实现、绩效评价主体不明确导致绩效评价体系难以建立等。文章建立高校政府采购绩效管理体系指标框架,拓宽政府采购绩效管理体系建设的思路,将绩效评估宏观思想引入高校政府采购绩效体系建设的微观实践,构建多角度绩效评价体系以适用于不同评价主体,并将采购监管要点融入绩效管理体系设计中,尝试对政府采购绩效评价指标做规划设计,进一步对高校政府采购绩效管理体系构建提出建议。     

继续推进电子化政府采购建设

不断增长的采购规模也给政府采购的监督、管理与执行带来了前所未有的挑战。如何创新监管手段,提高监管水平,提高财政资金的使用效益,规范、高效地执行政府采购项目,都是新时期对电子化政府采购提出的新要求。借鉴国际、国内的成功经验,分析现阶段遇到的问题,笔者尝试对继续推进电子化政府采购建设进行探讨。     

电子化政府采购的探索与实践

电子化政府采购是政府采购改革的必然趋势。加强政府采购信息化建设，能进一步提高采购时效、降低采购成本、消除人为因素干扰，并打破时间和空间障碍，为政府采购活动提供更为便利的交易平台，真正实现“阳光交易”。本文分析了电子化政府采购对于我国政府采购的现实意义并提出了相关建议。     

三位一体规范管理——电子化政府采购的“徐州模式”

政府采购是我国改革开放、走向市场经济的必然性要求,政府采购进入网络时代也是信息化社会的发展趋势。规范政府采购行为,提高政府采购效率,扩大政府采购规模,缩小政府采购工作与发达国家的差距,必须走电子化政府采购之路。本文结合江苏省徐州市电子化政府采购的基本情况、主要特点以及推行电子化政府采购的优势和必要性,为我们介绍了政府采购电子化的“徐州模式”,并对电子化政府采购提出了建议。     

加快我国电子化政府采购的发展

随着我国政府采购市场的逐步扩大,电子化政府采购也逐渐走进人们视野,成为政府采购领域的新的关注点。本文在对国外电子化政府采购的基本情况进行概述后,通过分析我国实施电子化政府采购的可行性以及必要性对加快我国电子化政府采购发展提出建议。     

对我国政府采购电子化发展的几点思考

一、政府采购电子化的本质内涵政府采购电子化定义应该包含两个层面：一是信息技术手段在政府采购中的应用,二是政府采购电子化引起的政府采购制度变革。政府采购电子化的核心内容是打破了传统采购方式的时间和空间障碍,增强采购信息透明度,     

政府采购电子化国际立法分析

二十一世纪以来，随着电子通信和网络技术的发展，信息技术越来越多地应用于政府采购领域，采购方式正发生革命性的改变。采购电子化广泛地应用于政府采购领域，成为政府采购发展的新趋势。目前，国际社会都在积极探索和推行政府采购电子化立法。本文通过分析政府采购电子化国际立法，总结采购电子化的立法规律和特点，对我国政府采购电子化的立法起到示范和借鉴作用，有助于推动我国政府采购电子化的立法工作。     

论政府采购绩效审计评价指标体系设计

政府采购绩效审计是对政府采购真正的绩效进行衡量,即对采购项目是否能实现其目标进行评价。绩效与单纯的结果和效果不同,它是把采购项目的实际成就和预期要达到的成就进行比较,然后把比较的结果     

Effect of purchase volume flexibility and purchase mix flexibility on e-procurement performance: An analysis of two perspectives

Despite the widespread adoption of e-procurement by firms in recent years, academic research examining the mechanisms through which e-procurement applications lead to performance has been scarce. Anecdotal evidence points to numerous situations where companies have failed to harness the potential of e-procurement. In this paper, we argue that online purchase volume and mix flexibilities facilitated by these applications play a significant role in the ability of firms to benefit from e-procurement. We examine this tenet from both an economic as well as a social perspective. We propose that increased online purchase volume flexibility as well as online purchase mix flexibility can be facilitated by two mechanisms – supplier customization as explained by transaction costs perspective, and information sharing between supply chain partners using a social exchange theoretical perspective. The increased purchase volume and mix flexibility in turn leads to better performance along the dimensions of cost, quality, and delivery. We present and test a nuanced perspective where we argue that (i) the effect of supplier customization on both purchase volume and mix flexibilities will be moderated by the frequency of transactions conducted online, and (ii) the effect of information sharing on both purchase volume and mix flexibilities will be moderated by trust in the supplier. We estimate our research model using survey data collected from 130 purchasing and procurement managers. We find strong support for our proposed research model with results indicating that purchase volume and mix flexibilities play a vital mediating role in impacting e-procurement performance. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.     

Impact of e-procurement: Experiences from implementation in the UK public sector

The advent of the Internet as a business systems platform has been a catalyst for major changes in the operation and status of organizational procurement. Early e-procurement literature forecast significant improvements in procurement costs, an improving status of the purchasing function, and changes to the structure of supply markets. Our study seeks to evaluate the validity of these forecasts through the development of a structural model of the ‘e-procurement effect’. This model is intended to define the dynamics of the e-procurement process in an organization and provide a foundation for a research stream into the transformational effect of e-procurement deployment.

The article presents the evaluation of e-procurement implementation and operation from an 18-month study of e-procurement deployment across nine UK public sector organizations. The article explores five key themes in e-procurement, namely system specification, implementation management, changes to organizational characteristics, changes in total acquisition costs, and changes to governance structures.

Our analysis suggests that the proposed structural model of the e-procurement effect is broadly applicable and that many of the previous claimed benefits in the literature can be realized. We also contend that an important variable for the success of e-procurement adoption is to address the internal service quality attributes of e-procurement processes—a topic which offers significant scope for future research.     

Alternative Policies for Preserving Farm and Open Areas: Analysis and Evaluation of Available Options

A bstract . Rapid urban growth disrupts land use patterns on the urban-rural fringe , increasing development pressure on nearby farm and open lands. Many public agencies have attempted to moderate these development pressures through intervention in the local land market in order to preserve remaining open areas. There are essentially five ways that governmental units can act to preserve farm and open lands: public purchase of these lands; restrictive zoning laws ; public purchase of the development rights to open lands; programs of transferable development rights, and preferential assessment property tax programs. Each of these methods imposes burdens on different groups and creates winners and losers among property owners, taypayers and others. This paper analyzes the economic impacts of these open space preservation programs and evaluates their effectiveness in achieving their goals. None of the programs evaluated is judged to be perfect in preserving open space, but the public purchase of development rights is seen to be an equitable second-best solution.     

Evidence of the impacts of public e-procurement: The Portuguese experience

This paper analyses public e-procurement implementation and emphasizes its main difficulties and impacts in relation to the type of public organizations. The primary impacts and changes in the Portuguese public sector are analyzed within the new legal framework, which adopts mandatory e-procurement for any open, restricted or negotiated procedure. In this sense, two surveys carried out in consecutive years were conducted to assess the implementation difficulties and impact of e-procurement in the Portuguese public sector.The major value of this research is that it presents and discusses, for the first time, evidences about difficulties and impacts on the mandatory adoption of public e-procurement, based on the case of Portugal. The results show that the entities’ administrative level influences the e-procurement implementation, which is influenced by the innovation adoption process.     

What is the value of an IT e-procurement system?

E-procurement is gaining in popularity in business practice and its benefits encourage its adoption for a variety of areas, including IT (Information Technology) purchases. The problem with assessing the value associated with e-procurement has been addressed by researchers and practitioners, but a clear methodology to determine the benefits related to e-procurement adoption is still missing, especially for IT. This paper defines e-procurement and identifies the six most significant drivers for e-procurement adoption, which are the pillars of the proposed value assessment methodology. The authors have also applied the developed methodology to real cases in order to verify its validity and robustness. Finally, although the developed model takes into account the peculiarities of IT purchases, it also raises more research opportunities for other purchasing categories.     

E-procurement in the Greek food and drink industry: Drivers and impediments

Most empirical research on e-procurement has focused on large economies and technology-related industries, paying little attention to smaller economies and traditional industries. This paper addresses this gap by presenting a study on the state and development of e-procurement in the Greek food and drink industry, based on four case studies with some of the largest organisations in the industry. This study indicates that the uptake of e-procurement has been slow and reveals some important impediments, such as the uncertainty of the technology and its benefits, the lack of infrastructure and skills and the traditional nature of the industry. These results led to a series of findings, propositions for further investigation. The drivers and impediments to e-procurement have been classified into four different levels: global, country, industry and firm. Each of these levels requires a different approach to dealing with it, having implications for practitioners and policymakers.     

电子采购招标拍卖与供应商管理

介绍了电子采购的工作流程，在此基础上研究了电子采购招标与拍卖的博弈论模型及其赢者灾难现象；论述了虽然电子采购提高了工作效率，采购方享受了招标与拍卖带来的节约，介是它不仅有可能疏远了采购方供应商之间的关系，而且使得讨价还价的权力将最终转移到供应商这一方。     

E-procurement adoption by European firms: A quantitative analysis

We explore country differences in adoption of electronic procurement. Data are used from the EU-initiated e-Business W@tch survey 2003. Analyses are conducted on 3475 organizations from seven different European countries that were stratified according to nine different sectors and three size categories. It appears that there indeed are country differences with respect to e-procurement adoption, and that firms from countries with a low uncertainty avoidance such as Germany and the UK are the early adopters of e-procurement, while countries that are less reluctant to change such as Spain and France have lower adoption rates.     

The role of quality in e-procurement performance: An empirical analysis

While the adoption and use of e-procurement has been prevalent in supply chain management, there is very little research examining the critical role of quality in this context. e-Procurement promises to cut operational costs all across the supply chain, but it also raises the expectations of buyers posing a challenge for buyer satisfaction and supply chain performance. Using the theoretical lens of Dynamic Capabilities Theory and Resource-Based View, we postulate that online information and process act as resources that result in logistics fulfillment capabilities. These capabilities in turn lead to satisfaction with e-procurement. We estimate our research model using structural equation modeling with survey data collected from 131 purchasing and procurement managers. We empirically examine these linkages by analyzing data collected from procurement managers. Our results indicate strong support for the relationships between information flow process quality, logistics fulfillment quality processes, and e-procurement satisfaction performance. One of the surprising findings of our study is that fulfilled order timeliness has a significantly greater impact on satisfaction than fulfilled order accuracy. This finding points to the increasingly important role that the dimension of time plays in today's competitive environment.     

欧盟公共与私营电子采购标准化要求异同初探

电子采购的兴起,逐渐革新了传统的采购模式,大大地提高了效率,节约了成本。欧盟是电子采购制度建设较早的地区之一,且渗透到私营和公共采购领域。为了提高公共与私营电子采购之间的兼容性,2005年2月欧洲标准化委员会（CEN）正式发布了《欧盟电子采购标准化要求和差距分析》（CWA15236）。文章将根据《欧盟电子采购标准化要求和差距分析》（cwA15236）,以现有的法律、标准规范和技术为基础,分析欧盟公共与私营电子采购在法律层面、程序层面和技术层面的主要异同点,同时提出了相关建议。