我国商业银行信用卡风险与应对策略

近年来,随着经济的快速发展和对外开放的不断深入,我国信用卡业务快速发展.然而,由于风险管理技术相对落后,风险管控不完善、征信系统不健全等问题,我国银行信用卡发展还在很多潜在风险,采取各种应对策略防范风险势在必行.     

试谈金融信息化过程中的安全管理及风险防范

目前,我国银行系统通存通兑、银行卡业务、自动柜员机ATM、POS终端、同城票据实时清算已普遍应用,电话银行、网上银行、电子商务等方兴未艾,我国金融业正不断朝着信息化方向发展.同时,也对金融安全和风险防范提出了新的挑战.     

商业银行会计风险及防范措施分析

通过加强银行会计风险防范,可以提高银行会计信息质量、规范银行会计工作,增强银行会计人员的责任感,从而将风险发生的可能性和风险发生带来的损失降到最低。因此,加强银行会计风险的防范已成为当前我国商业银行．Y-作的重点。本文针对当前我国商业银行会计管理存在的问题,从防止银行会计信息失真、完善会计核算管理机制、加强内控管理制度、建设提高银行会计从业人员素质等方面提出了风险防范的建议及措施。     

银行会计风险防范思路探究

银行会计风险的防范,对于保证整个社会资金活动的正常运行,无疑是十分必要的.本文就如何防范会计风险提出了完善银行客户身份证明制度等措施.     

新巴塞尔协议下我国商业银行操作风险防范与控制

银行操作风险是一种内源性风险,具有复杂性和多样性等诸多特征,是新巴塞尔协议所要控制的主要三大风险之一。我国商业银行风险控制和国外银行相比,无论是在风险防范意识、风险控制手段,还是操作风险人员开发和管理方面都存在诸多问题。本文认为我国商业银行首先应提高操作风险管理意识,建立起完善的操作风险管理框架,并在此框架之下完善操作风险管理的手段和方法,形成有效地内外并重的风险控制系统,从根本上防范和控制操作风险。     

银行外汇业务风险管理创新研究

随着社会经济的不断发展,我国经济金融也已经逐渐开放,目前我国银行业发展前景非常广阔,银行业务逐渐趋于国际化,而在银行外汇业务的不断扩大化的同时,银行外汇业务风险也在不断加大周此,必须加大银行外汇业务风险管理力度,不断创新出有效的风险管理方法,提高我国银行金融机构的竞争力,创新银行外汇业务,加大业务风险防范力度,完善银行外汇业务风险管理体系最终促进我国银行外汇业务的长期稳定发展。     

银行会计风险及其控制对策分析

随着社会的发展,人民生活水平的不断提升,我国银行回家行业也有了较大的发展,而面对虚假的银行会计信息是我国当前金融防范的重要工作,所以,需要我国银行在会计的业务行业、会计人员的整体素质方面、管理制度方面等多个方面了解会计行业的风险,本文主要对银行会计行业的进行分析,对造成我国会计行业的存在风险的原因和采取的对策进行分析和讨论,以便提高我国银行会计防范意识.     

银行承兑汇票风险控制机制研究

随着银行承兑汇票市场的快速发展,如何防范其潜在的各种金融风险,就成为我国企业金融会计领域风险管理的重要内容。本文首先深入分析了我国企业银行承兑汇票业务过程中所产生的信用操作风险、利率风险和道德风险,进而提出相应的控制机制,包括:完善相关法律法规、健全防伪体系、严格内控机制和完善配套服务等。     

商业银行国际结算业务中的风险防范

国际结算业务作为商业银行的重要业务,在银行的经营管理中具有举足轻重的地位。目前由于我国银行在国际结算业务中信用信息管理滞后,涉外单据审核制度存在缺陷,结算规则较为复杂,面临市场波动时经验不足,从而加剧了银行的融资风险、操作风险以及汇率风险。因此,我国银行应当建立完善的信用信息管理系统,对结算对象进行信用调查与审核,健全涉外单据审核机制,完善结算业务规程,建立风险调查和反馈制度,以在最大程度上防范国际结算业务中的风险。     

我国银行承兑汇票业务中的风险及防范

银行承兑汇票的潜在风险性和客观性是由其作为企业的货币性实物资产而存在的,因此要严格执行合理有效的控制措施,从引发票据风险的根源上进行监控,并积极规避银行承兑汇票流转各个环节的流通风险,促进银行承兑汇票业务的发展.分析银行承兑汇票贴现业务的风险成因,探讨银行承兑汇票贴现业务的汇票风险、信用风险、操作风险以及票据价格风险等,提出了通过有效的审查制度、完善相关规定来其防范其风险的具体实施策略,指出健康的银行承兑汇票贴现业务市场的建立与发展以及正常的市场秩序仍然需要全社会的共同努力.银行承兑汇票风险不可消除,但通过银行内控措施的完善和票据管理的加强,在相关法律法规的规制下,依法办事,就可以将风险降到最低点.     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.     

浅议金融机构的举证责任

金融纠纷案件是当事人以存单或进账单、对账单、存款合同、保险单、票据、证券等凭证为主要证据向人民法院提出诉讼的案件,对于不同种类金融纠纷的当事人的举证责任,我国现行的金融法律、法规及司法解释有不同的规定。由于金融机构的特殊法律地位,发生金融纠纷时存在有关当事人将最后偿付风险转移给金融机构承担的主观故意,在客观上会使金融机构难以提供相应的证据来对抗不法债权人的诉讼请求,而导致金融机构败诉。为此,对金融诉讼案件中金融机构的举证责任加以研究具有重要的实践意义。     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.