我国股票市场波动非对称效应的反转——基于VS-GARCH模型的实证研究

本文应用VS-GARCH模型对我国沪深两市的波动非时称性及非对称效应的反转进行了实证研究,结果显示,我国沪深两市波动性总体特征趋于一致,两市都存在非对称效应,两市都存在波动非对称效应的反转,表明我国股票市场的非对称效应不仅随时间变化,而且还随冲击程度的大小而变化.另外,非对称效应的反转现象还随股票市场发展逐步显著.     

“规例”的变化与波动溢出效应——基于中国股票市场的实证研究

2001年2月19日,经国务院批准,中国证监会颁布通知,允许中国境内投资者以合法持有的外汇账户进行境内上市外资股(简称B股)的交易。本文研究的是当规例发生变化时,所引起的中国A、B股市场间波动溢出效应的结构性变异。在计量模型的选取上,本文引入双变量广义自回归异方差(BGARCH)模型,运用收集到的78家同时在A、B股上市的公司高频交易数据进行量化分析。实证结果表明,规例变化以后,A股对B股的波动溢出效应加剧,进而增加了整个市场的风险;而B股对A股的波动溢出效应减缓,在一定程度上降低了市场的风险水平。我们同时还对结构性变异的影响因子做进一步分析,发现政府所有权、机构持股情况、公司规模、B股所占比例、市值与账面价值比、股利政策、相对流动性等因子会减缓市场整体风险的结构性变异;相反,首席执行官和董事局主席的双重角色、公司规模与B股占比的协同效应等因子会加速市场整体风险的结构性变异。     

“T＋1”交易对中国股市波动性的影响——基于1992～2008年时间序列数据的实证分析

本文利用沪市A股和B股指数日内振幅数据，实证研究了“T＋1”交易方式对我国股票市场波动性的影响。结果表明，无论是A股市场还是B股市场，实行“T＋1”交易后振幅的均值都减小，表明“T＋1”交易方式有助于减小股市的波动。在GARCH模型中，虚拟变量dt的系数值为负，且在5％的显著性水平下表现显著，说明当实行“T＋1”回转交易制度后，股市的波动性有减小的趋势。     

基金持股、止损机制与股价波动

中国A股的机构投资者持股能否降低市场波动这一问题一直存在诸多争论,本文使用了2010—2015年的A股基金和基金管理公司持股的数据,分析了机构投资者中的基金持股与股票价格波动的关系。通过实证分析本文发现:由于止损机制的存在,我国市场中的证券投资基金只能承受有限的噪音投资者风险。整体而言,证券投资基金持股能够降低市场的波动性,对于波动率较高的股票,证券投资基金持股比例与价格波动水平成正向关系;对于波动率较低的股票,基金持股比例与价格波动水平则成负向关系。     

中国能源消费波动的计量分析

利用ARCH类模型对我国能源消费增长率的波动规律进行了实证分析,结果表明：我国能源消费不具备自我稳定机制,其波动性存在非对称现象,正向冲击能够增加能源消费增长率的波动性,而负向冲击则能降低能源消费的波动性,且波动性对增长率存在着显著的正向“溢出效应”。     

涨跌停、融资融券与股价波动率——基于AH股的比较研究

涨跌停制度实施20年来,已成为中国股市的一种习惯和依赖。本文综合比较A股市场、中国台湾市场与美国、中国香港市场的波动率,从宏观层面初步证明实施涨跌停制度并没有让市场变得更加稳定。基于AH股的微观分析发现,涨跌停制度是A股市场个股股价高波动率的重要原因;在实施涨跌停的A股市场,融资融券制度的引入在现阶段也加剧了股价波动。与传统观点认为散户占比高是市场剧烈波动的原因不同,本文还发现大户交易者才是A股市场高波动率的诱因,而散户占比高只是提供了更合适的土壤。促进中国股市健康发展,需要进一步完善交易制度,让市场发挥决定性作用;注重监管协调,更好地发挥政府作用;重视对大户投资者交易行为的监管;严厉打击违法交易行为,建立公开、公正、公平的市场环境。     

经济增长的阶段性假说和波动性溢出效应检验

增长性和波动性是增长型经济周期的典型特征。如果增长水平与波动程度之间负相关，则降低经济波动程度有助于经济稳定和持续发展；如果波动性对于增长水平存在“溢出效应”，则适度经济波动将促进经济增长。实证检验表明，增长性与波动性之间的关联依赖于经济的发展阶段。目前我国经济存在显著的波动“溢出效应”，因此应该继续保持积极经济政策的顺周期方向。     

噪音交易与股价过度波动:理论与中国经验分析

中国股市股票价格的波动性过大,引起这种现象的一个重要原因是噪音交易的存在和频繁发生。本文采用事件分析法,随机抽取了上海A股市场的近200种股票作为样本,通过构建正反馈交易的"涨幅组合",对噪音交易者投资的累积异常收益率进行检验。结果表明:股市过度波动与噪音交易频繁有密切的联系;噪音交易者通常要承受巨大的风险,但其投资收益率一般情况下却为负。     

基于VECM-BEKK-二元GARCH模型的沪市A、B股市场信息传导关系研究

通过VECM-BEKK-二元GARCH模型对沪市A、B股市场的信息传导关系进行实证研究发现,一方面,沪市A、B股市场在长期存在双向价格溢出效应,但短期仅有从A股市场到B股市场的单向价格溢出;另一方面,沪市A、B股市间存在波动溢出效应,但是非对称的,即仅有从A股市场向B股市场的波动溢出。由此证实了由A股市场向B股市场单向传导是沪市信息传导的主体路径。     

资产收益波动率测量方法综述

波动性研究作为金融市场的基础议题之一,已经渗透到整个现代金融理论体系。波动性的测量是资产定价、组合管理和交易策略的关键点。多年来,学者们对波动率测量方法进行了大量研究,取得了相关的重大成果。本文较为详尽地阐述了波动率测量方法的发展进程,包括相关模型形式的扩展,并比较了各种方法的不足和优点,尤其介绍了国外学者在波动率测量方法上的最新成果。     

Volatility in the knowledge economy

Summary. We seek to explain the economic volatility of the last 6 years, in particular the rapid expansion and contraction of the knowledge sectors. Our hypothesis is that these sectors amplify the business cycle due to their increasing returns to scale, growing faster than others in an upswing and contracting faster in a downswing. To test this hypothesis we postulate a general equilibrium model with two sectors: one with increasing returns that are external to the firm and endogenously determined - the knowledge sector - and the other with constant returns to scale. We introduce a new measure of volatility of output, a real beta, and derive a resolving equation, from which we prove that the increasing return sectors exhibit more volatility then other sectors. We validate the main results on US macro economic data of real GDP by industry (2-3 digits SIC codes) of the 1977-2001 period, and provide policy conclusions.Received: 18 March 2002, Revised: 16 February 2004, JEL Classification Numbers: D5, D58, E10, L50, L52, O38, O51.Correspondence to: Graciela Chichilnisky     

资产收益波动率测量方法综述

波动性研究作为金融市场的基础议题之一,已经渗透到整个现代金融理论体系.波动性的测量是资产定价、组合管理和交易策略的关键点.多年来,学者们对波动率测量方法进行了大量研究,取得了相关的重大成果.本文较为详尽地阐述了波动率测量方法的发展进程,包括相关模型形式的扩展,并比较了各种方法的不足和优点,尤其介绍了国外学者在波动率测量方法上的最新成果.     

Exchange Rate Volatility and Output Volatility: A Theoretical Approach*

This paper makes an attempt to determine the factors influencing exchange rate and exchange rate uncertainty, as well as output and output variability. In the context of a small open economy under flexible exchange rates regime it is found that the level both of exchange rate and output is affected by monetary and inflationary shocks, as well as shocks in government spending, output, and trade balance. Further, the uncertainty of exchange rate and output is associated positively with the uncertainty of all shocks while the contemporaneous occurrence of selected shocks imposes either a positive or negative impact on exchange rate and output volatility. Finally, it is shown that the effect of the determinants either of exchange rate volatility or output volatility is very sensitive to the parameter values.     

Empirical Evidence of the Leverage Effect in a Stochastic Volatility Model: A Realized Volatility Approach

Increasing attention has been focused on the analysis of the realized volatility, which can be treated as a proxy for the true volatility. In this paper, we study the potential use of the realized volatility as a proxy in a stochastic volatility model estimation. We estimate the leveraged stochastic volatility model using the realized volatility computed from five popular methods across six sampling-frequency transaction data (from 1-min to 60- min) based on the trust region method. Availability of the realized volatility allows us to estimate the model parameters via the MLE and thus avoids computational challenge in the high dimensional integration. Six stock indices are considered in the empirical investigation. We discover some consistent findings and interesting patterns from the empirical results. In general, the significant leverage effect is consistently detected at each sampling frequency and the volatility persistence becomes weaker at the lower sampling frequency.     

玉米期货价格的波动分析

本文基于玉米期货价格数据,运用ARCH类模型和马尔科夫机制转换模型分析玉米期货价格的波动规律和特征。研究表明,玉米期货价格存在一阶ARCH效应和＂杠杆效应＂,玉米期货价格收益率具有显著的波动集簇性;TARCH和EGARCH模型估计结果,玉米市场中价格上涨信息引发的波动比价格下跌信息引发的波动要大,玉米价格波动具有显著的非对称性。我国玉米期货价格确实存在马尔科夫机制转换;在样本研究期间,我国玉米期货价格存在比较明显的三个上涨和下跌阶段,在波动中保持上涨趋势。     

Volatility transmission to the fine wine market

The goal of this paper is to explore volatility transmission from various markets to the fine wine market. Knowledge of these channels for transmitting volatility to the wine market allows practitioners to anticipate the future volatility and the consequences of a shock on the wine market, to develop their investment strategy and diversify their risk. We especially analyse the impact of U.S. markets (i.e. art, commodities, credit, financial and real estate) during the 2007–2017 period. We shed additional light on how the volatility of the fine wine market varies during an extended period including a financial crisis. Our results indicate that, in the short-term, volatility is transmitted with a negative effect through the financial and commodity markets and with a positive effect through the art, residential real estate, and credit default markets. In the long-term, the wine market is impacted by all other markets. We show that correlations are time-varying.     

我国财政支出波动对居民消费波动的影响研究

利用1981—2010年我国27个省级地区的面板数据,在加入居民收入波动、金融发展水平、贸易开放度三个控制变量的基础上,综合运用固定效应模型及工具变量估计法,对我国财政支出波动与居民消费波动的关系进行探讨,结果表明:居民消费波动受财政支出波动的影响显著,两者呈正相关关系;金融发展水平及贸易开放度有助于减轻居民消费的波动程度;居民收入波动对消费波动的影响不显著。     

Modeling Exchange Rate Volatility

This paper investigates the impact of the volatility of the underlying macroeconomic fundamentals on exchange rate volatility utilizing the bounds testing approach to cointegration. The results show that, in the long run the volatility of the money supply is the sole determinant, whereas in the short run overshooting is found.     

Volatility and firm growth

A growing body of macroeconomic evidence suggests that volatility is detrimental for economic growth. The channel through which this materializes, however, is less clear. Moreover, substantive evidence based on disaggregate data is scarce. In this paper, we provide empirical support for this relationship using a detailed cross-country firm-level dataset. We also provide additional evidence that institutional obstacles magnify the adverse effect of perceived volatility on firm growth.      

SETAR模型在中国股市波动率研究中的应用

文章对上证指数2006年1月6日-2011年5月23日收盘价的波动率进行了研究,介绍并使用随机系数SETAR模型与ARCH族模型进行对比拟合,根据数据的特点,文章构建了一种新型的SETAR模型,即AR(r)-SETAR(l,p1,p1)模型,模型利用ADF检验和AIC准则进行识别和估计。结果表明:可用AR(4)-SETAR(2,1,1)模型来拟合中国股市中的上证指数,研究其波动率特点,上证指数波动率呈不对称的响应,而且"负"响应比"正"响应高出约1.3倍。用ARCH族模型也证明了这种不对称响应的特征,但无法度量波动的强度,预测效果也没有SETAR模型精确。说明上证指数波动率不对称响应明显且呈现非线性的趋势,这种非线性的趋势更适合用SETAR模型来拟合。