和谐社会的经济基础——利益共同体

在我国经济转型的过程中,旧的利益格局被打破,新的分配体系还不完善,社会利益失衡已经成为影响我国社会和谐发展的关键问题。在这种情况下只有缓解利益矛盾,通过利益共同体之间的竞争实现利益均衡,建立起平衡的利益关系,才能构建和谐社会并实现经济的健康有序发展。     

经济利益格局对当代中国人际关系和谐的影响

人们之间很重要的关系就是经济利益关系。社会人际关系的和谐同社会经济利益的合理公平分配有极大关系。而目前我国贫富差距很大,一些不均衡经济利益格局有所展现,强势部分影响力强,弱势部分影响力弱,慢慢被边缘化。如此一来,人们的和谐人际关系就受到严重影响。为此,需要完善利益分配机制,让社会变的公平公正,让各种经济利益矛盾缩小。     

社会转型期利益关系的变化及调节

随着我国改革开放和市场经济的发展,社会转型过程引起了显著的社会分化现象,在深层次上表现为利益分化这一重要社会问题,利益矛盾日渐突出。在新的利益格局形成与发展过程中,构建科学合理的利益协调机制,协调好各种利益关系,对维护我国政治稳定,推动社会经济发展具有十分重要的意义。一、当前社会利益关系的变化改革开放以来,随着所有制结构、经济成分、分配方式的变化,形成了多种利益群体,利益关系发生结构性变化。1.原有经济利益关系均衡状态被打破,经济利益日趋分化。在计划经济体制下,各种利益的结合十分紧密,个人利益、集体利益一般不…     

构建经济和谐增长的利益兼容机制——基于价格改革的角度

价格是各方面利益关系的交汇点.当前我国经济生活中利益矛盾突出的重要原因是价格没有理顺.所以.要促进人与自然、人与社会的和谐,必须充分发挥价格的利益表达、利益分配和利益均衡职能,构建"政府调控市场,市场形成价格,价格调节利益"的协整模式,通过深化价格改革,促进各经济主体的利益兼容.     

《资本论》中的利益理论及当代意义

利益作为唯物史观的基础,是一定的社会经济关系。资本主义雇佣劳动制度造成了资本与劳动的利益对立,在使物的世界增值的同时使人的世界得到了贬值。实现自身利益是人们从事一切社会活动的最终动机。生产力与生产关系矛盾、经济基础与上层建筑矛盾、阶级矛盾的共同实质是社会利益矛盾。新时期和谐社会的构建要求从利益角度来认识意识形态建设;从社会各阶层、集团或阶级对社会利益格局进行调整。     

私有制企业劳资博弈与利益均衡机制的构建

私有制企业劳资利益关系是一种资方为主导型的利益关系，劳资双方在权力和利益上存在明显的不对等性，形成了“强资本弱劳动”的利益格局，加剧了劳资利益矛盾和利益冲突。当前，应全面探索建立劳资利益均衡机制，实现双方利益合作。本文运用博弈模型论证双方在动态的利益博弈中如何实现双方的利益均衡与合作。通过对模型的分析我们认为，构建私有制企业劳资利益均衡机制，关键是增强工会的组织效能和利益谈判功能。本文最后就如何提高工会的组织效能提出了相应的对策建议。     

我国现阶段经济利益分化及其向经济利益和谐转化的对策

在发展和谐利益的前提下,并不是说杜绝了一切利益矛盾,就达到了经济利益的和谐社会,而是要从根本上存在具有解决利益矛盾的社会形势,并且让这种社会经济利益实以和谐的方式存在于社会之中。本文针对现阶段我国经济利益分化的基础上,简略的提出了几点实现经济利益和谐的对策。     

缩小贫富差距,培育和扩大中等收入群体,奠定我国实现共同富裕的坚实基础

与改革初期比较,目前我国的社会经济成分、组织形式、利益主体和就业方式呈现多样化,社会利益结构和利益实现方式发生了重大变化,利益冲突越来越明显。这意味着,在新阶段,改革将面临改善广大人民根本利益和协调不同群体间利益矛盾与利益关系的双重任务,甚至在一定时期内,后者将成为改革的主要任务。为此,在当前情况下,应当对社会利益矛盾以及相应的利益协调机制给予高度关注,并从完善政府调节机制、完善社会协调机制和培育社会中等收入群体等多方面建立实现共同富裕的稳定机制。     

浅议地方立法中的利益协调问题

一、问题的提出 立法是整个法治的前提和基础,关系到国家的社会稳定与社会经济的发展.在我国,法治观念正逐步深入人心,人们对立法的关注不断增加,地方立法由于直接关涉某区域内某个利益集团和相关群体与个体的利益关系,尤为引人关切.立法的本质是利益调整,其终极目标是实现全民利益的相对均衡.立法过程中的争论、矛盾和各种主张都是某种利益的体现,能否妥善处理好各种利益关系,是立法后能否顺利实施的关键,对利益协调影响立法的途径、方式以及利弊分析是对立法深层次学术研究的内容之一,也是地方立法部门必须面对和关注的领域.     

重大利益协调视角下包容性发展的理论与实践问题研究

如何解决社会经济发展过程中的重大利益协调问题,是我国践行包容性发展战略亟待解决的突出问题。构建包容性发展理论基础框架,要从转换社会经济均衡协调改革发展模式的大视角上,去研究包容性发展中重大利益的协调路径。要以唯物史观为指导,探析利益协调视域内包容性发展有待解决的主体与客体之间的矛盾关系、目的与目标以及制度保障等基本问题。     

定冠词特指意义浅析

本通过剖析定冠词的特指意义，把一个笼统、抽象的“特指”概念转化成了具体的十一种表现形式，旨在通过学习研究定冠词特指的用法，提高正确理解和准确运用英语的能力。     

The stability of the demand for money: The case of the corporate sector

Although there is general consensus on the determinants of the demand for money, the empirical performance of such money-demand equations has been unstable and poor in forecasting. In this study, the demand for money is empirically investigated on a disaggregated basis, by major sector, using Flow of Funds data, 1955i–1976iv. The results indicate that the empirical difficulties are specific to the corporate sector, that the problems in the corporate sector emerged during the later 1960s, and that foreign economic activity has become an important component in explaining holdings of cash by the corporate sector.     

The problem of the uninsured

The problem of the uninsured cannot be fully understood without considering the role of non-market alternatives to ‘market insurance’ called ‘self-insurance’ and ‘self-protection’ (SISP), including the public ‘health care safety-net’ system. We tackle the problem by formulating a ‘full-insurance’ paradigm that accounts for all four interacting insurance measures. We apply two versions of the full-insurance model to estimate, via calibrated simulations, the impacts of SISP on the fraction of uninsured, health spending, and health levels, and to assess how the mandated Affordable Care Act might affect these outcomes in comparison with the CBO projections in 2010. The results indicate that policy analyses which overlook the role of the real price of market insurance relative to the shadow prices of SISP in determining the decision to insure can grossly distort the capacity of mandated reforms like the ACA to insure the uninsured, contain overall health care costs, and improve health and welfare outcomes.     

The magic of the market

Sugden’s analysis of conventions in The Economics of Rights Cooperation and Welfare is important. One reason for this is the way that it shows that some institutions, which are otherwise thought to require State intervention, can arise spontaneously. Another and less well-recognized reason is that this analysis provides a key insight into the origin of and stability in discriminatory behaviour and beliefs. There are difficulties with such discriminatory beliefs, and I argue that one of the less well-recognized virtues of markets is that they erode such beliefs. This is not because competition is likely to dissipate these beliefs rather it is because, and there is experimental evidence to support this, markets encourage the equal treatment of individuals in ways that undermine discriminatory practices.     

The arrival of the new

In this work we present a number of urn models in which, contrary to standard Pólya urns, the number of competing alternatives is not given from the outset but may increase with the arrival of innovations. We begin by describing a variant of Pólya urns, first introduced by Fred Hoppe, in which balls of previously non-existing colors are added with some (declining) probability. We then propose new variants in which the probability of the arrival of new colors is itself subject to adaptive change depending on the success of past innovations and discuss applications to evolutionary models of technologies and industries. We numerically simulate different specifications of these urns with adaptively changing mutation rate and show that they can account for complex patterns of evolution in which periods of exploration and innovation are followed by periods in which the dynamics of the system is driven by selection among a stable set of alternatives.     

The power of the family

We study the importance of family ties on economic behavior. We define our measure of family ties using individual responses from the World Value Survey (WVS) regarding the role of the family and the love and respect that children are expected to have for their parents in 81 countries. We show that with strong family ties home production is higher and families larger, labor force participation of women and youngsters, and geographical mobility lower. To assess causality, we look at the behavior of second generation immigrants. Our results overall indicate a significant influence of the strength of family ties on economic outcomes.     

The Geopolitics of the Eastern Border of the European Union: The Case of Romania-Moldova-Ukraine

Since the fall of the communist regimes, we have been witnessing in Europe two phenomena that dominate the geopolitical scene: on the one hand there is integration, with the advance of the borders of the European Union (EU) towards the east through its two enlargements, and on the other hand there is disintegration, as expressed by social crisis, and latent tensions and conflicts in the countries found beyond the said border. This article focuses on the geopolitical changes that came about on the eastern border of Europe (Romania-Moldova-Ukraine) and the border relations between these three countries after the fall of the Soviet Union, and the integration of Romania into the EU. This is both a multidimensional and ethno-territorial border, associated with tensions and conflict. ¹ 1. D. Newman, ‘Conflict at the Interface: The Impact of Boundaries and Borders on Contemporary Ethno-National Conflict’, in C. Flint (ed.), Geographies of War and Conflict (Oxford: Oxford University Press 2004) pp. 321–345; G. Blake, ‘State Limits in the Early 21st Century: Observations on Form and Function’, Geopolitics 5/1 (2000) pp. 1–18; S. Ratner, ‘Drawing a Better Line: Uti Possidetis and the Borders of New States’, American Journal of International Law 90/4 (1996) pp. 590–624; S. Waterman, ‘Boundaries and the Changing World Political Order’, in Clive Schofield (ed.), World Boundaries, Vol. I, Global Boundaries (London: Routledge, 1994). Using the territorial dialectic of the globalisation argument, we are able to analyse, describe and interpret from a theoretical-empirical standpoint, the two current discussions about that border: opening by means of cooperation, or closing by means of control and security.