大股东控制下的股权融资依赖与投资行为研究——基于行为财务视角

基于行为公司财务研究视角,文章首先阐释了股票误定价影响企业投资行为的机制.然后,结合我国上市公司大股东股权融资的利益侵占动机分析,对不同股权融资依赖程度的公司投资行为进行了实证研究.结果发现:在取得了股权融资的公司中,股票市价与企业投资水平显著正相关;股权融资的依赖程度越大,企业投资水平对股票市价的敏感性越高;大股东控制与股票市价的交互作用对公司投资规模的推动效果,显著高于单一的股票市价因素.文章结论的含义与启示在于:尽管股票定价偏差的非市场效率因素对公司投资行为具有独立的影响,但其影响程度因公司治理模式和所有权控制特征的不同而存在明显差异.     

私募股权投资对企业价值和绩效的影响研究

本文围绕私募股权投资对企业价值和绩效的影响进行探究。首先阐述了私募股权投资的定义、投资基金模式、投资类型以及运作的基本流程,并阐明了企业价值与企业绩效的含义。其次分析了私募股权投资基金的作用,结合国内外文献研究了私募股权投资对企业价值和绩效的影响。最后针对私募股权对企业价值与绩效的实证检验进行了系统分析,实证结果证明,私募股权投资对企业价值有一定影响,相比于未引入私募股权投资基金的企业,引入私募股权投资基金的企业的成长绩效更为显著。希望本文研究为有关方面提供参考。     

创业板上市公司融资结构与经营绩效实证研究

以2010-2012年188家创业板上市公司为样本,研究融资结构对经营绩效的影响,实证结果表明内源融资、商业信用融资与企业经营绩效正相关;股权融资、公司规模与企业经营绩效负相关;有息负债融资与经营绩效相关关系不显著。     

中小企业股权集中度对其融资效率的影响

本文以中小上市企业的股权集中度为观察点,以其对应企业的融资效率为研究对象,选择了广州新三板399家企业的数据,实证分析了中小企业股权集中度对其融资效率的影响。结果显示企业融资效率与公司股权集中度存在一定的负相关,即企业融资效率会随着公司股权集中度的增长而下降,过高的股权集中度会在一定程度上影响企业的融资效率。最后,针对结果提出了分析和建议。     

融资约束条件下我国中小板上市公司投资效率测度

文章以我国中小企业板上市公司为研究对象,从企业经理人追求利润最大化行为出发构建中小企业的投资支出模型。不同于已有文献仅从投资-现金流敏感性角度入手的实证研究,文章的研究方法无需对样本公司进行分组,而且可以定量测度融资约束条件下的公司投资效率问题。实证结果表明：由于融资约束的存在,使得我国中小板上市公司实际投资支出最优水平低;现金流的增加不仅可以缓解融资约束压力,还能够降低融资不确定性,债务融资比例越高,融资约束越大,进一步加剧了未来融资时的不确定性;我国中小板上市公司融资约束程度与企业规模呈负相关关系,且投资效率随时间呈现下降趋势,意味着近年来我国出台的一系列旨在改善中小企业融资难的政策措施,在实践中并没有起到有效缓解融资约束的作用。     

浙江中小板上市公司研发投入绩效分析简

以浙江省中小企业板上市公司为研究对象,分析2010-2012年研发投入强度与企业绩效是否呈正相关以及对其是否具有滞后性影响。实证结果发现,当前浙江省中小企业板上市公司的研发投入对营业毛利率的影响表现为显著正相关,并具有递延作用。     

内外融资对企业不同阶段创新投资的异质性效应——基于中国制造业上市公司的数据

根据创新价值链理论，将企业创新活动分为研究阶段（R）与开发阶段（D），探究内外源融资方式对企业不同创新阶段投资的异质性效应，为企业选择创新活动的融资渠道和政府设计精准支持企业创新政策提供参考。基于中国制造业上市公司数据实证研究发现：内源融资对企业研究投资有显著促进效应，对开发投资未产生显著促进作用；债权融资对研究投资和开发投资的作用均不显著；股权融资对研究投资的影响不显著，但对开发投资具有显著影响。内源融资对债权融资与研究投资、债权融资与开发投资的关系不具有调节效应；内源融资对股权融资与研究投资关系具有正向显著调节效应，对股权融资与开发投资的关系具有正向调整作用但不显著。     

中国私募股权投资基金退出方式研究

我国中小企业在面临银行贷款融资以及资本市场融资困难的现实背景下,私募股权投资目前对于我国中小企业的融资正占据着越来越重要的地位。私募股权的退出环节关系着整个投资过程的成败。本文首先阐述了私募股权投资基金主流的退出方式及退出机制,进而分析了我国私募股权投资基金在退出方式上所面临的问题,结合私募股权投资市场各种退出方式的现状及数据,最终针对性的提出了完善私募退出的建议。     

浅析私募股权投资的介入对企业财务的影响

随着我国经济的快速发展,私募股权投资基金这种全新的理财方法,得到了我国社会及各界的广泛关注,成为银行贷款、发行股票等又一种融资方式。同时,作为一种资本运作方式,私募股权投资基金的运作也需要企业承担相应的风险,一旦相关融资风险失控,将会影响企业的经营效益甚至影响其健康发展,因此在私募股权投资的介入下,企业需要探讨研究对其财务管理影响,进而为其发展做出相应决策。     

私募股权对我国中小企业融资金融制度创新的启示

我国中小企业自有资本规模普遍较小,导致其信用能力较弱,制约了企业的外源融资能力。私募股权投资通过专家管理的方式进行专业投资,能够提高投资效益,提高社会资源使用效率。中小企业私募股权融资的优势在于中小企业通过私募股权融资可以加强公司治理,改善企业股东结构;提高创新型中小企业的自主创新能力,为企业提供前瞻性的战略性指导;完善金融体系、缓解中小企业融资难问题,同时,中小企业可借助私募股权融资实现IPO,提高金融创新能力。     

私人股权基金投资业绩研究

私人股权投资已经成为近几年资本市场上最具争议的投资明星,然而在本轮东亚地区尤其是中国的私人股权投资的热潮中,并非所有的私人股权基金都取得了满意的业绩。利用来自Private Equity Intelligence的基金业绩数据,对目前投资于中国及周边地区的私人股权基金的表现进行实证分析,研究影响私人股权基金业绩的主要因素,并对其中的因素之——投资期和退出期的划分情况进行确定。     

The relationship between governance structure and risk management approaches in Japanese venture capital firms

This paper attempts to understand what drives Japanese venture capital (JVC) fund managers to select either active managerial monitoring or portfolio diversification to manage their firms' investment risks [J. Bus. Venturing 4 (1989) 231]. Unlike U.S. venture capitalists that use active managerial monitoring to gain private information in order to maximize returns [J. Finance 50 (1995) 301], JVCs have traditionally used portfolio diversification to attenuate investment risks [Hamada, Y., 2001. Nihon no Bencha Kyapitaru no Genkyo (Current State of Japanese Venture Capital), Nihon Bencha Gakkai VC Seminar, May 7]. We found that performance pay is positively related to active monitoring and that management ownership is positively related to active monitoring and negatively related to portfolio diversification. The managerial implication of our study is that venture capitalists should be as concerned about the structure of their incentive systems for their fund managers as they are for their investee-firm entrepreneurs. Agency theory says that contingent compensation is a self-governing mechanism for individual effort that is difficult to measure and verify. When properly applied, equity ownership and performance-based pay can have powerful influencing effects on the strategic choices of managers.     

Private equity performance and capital flows: Evidence from China

For more than 1500 private equity funds in China over the period from 1992 to 2013, we construct fund level performance metrics with investment level return data and examine performance and capital flows. The median (mean) fund IRR, net of fees, is 9.0% (51.7%), based on a sample that controls for survivorship bias. Fund IRRs are neither related to fund own characteristics, such as fund size, nor to overall market conditions around the time when the fund is raised. Competition reduces fund performance: returns are lower when there are many competitors entering the industry at the same time. Although experienced partnerships are more likely to raise a follow-on fund and to raise more capital, fund performance is not related to general partnership (GP) investment experience. Further, there is no performance persistence across funds managed by the same GP. Lastly, there is some evidence of investor maturity when judged on GPs' historical performance. This evidence characterizes a burgeoning yet immature PE industry in China.     

我国的房地产投资基金探寻

我国房地产投资基金目前尚系一片空白,要使我国房地产投资基金由构想变为现实,需要解决,私募基金合法化,以及房地产业暗箱操作形成的风险等问题,使投资者敢于投入。可借鉴西方房地产投资基金运作方式,健全与完善我国房地产投资基金的有关法规体系,强化投资管理和风险控制,培养高素质的房地产机构投资者,以加速推进房地产商品化进程。     

Private equity secondaries: Opening the liquidity tap

Private equity is an illiquid asset class. The extended holding period for private equity—averaging four to five years—attracts investors, as fund managers are able to avoid the volatility that negatively affects the public equities. However, the secondary market has emerged as a tool that enables limited partners in private equity funds to manage a private equity portfolio flexibly despite its intrinsic illiquidity. This article discusses in great detail the scope of secondary transactions, discussing how the subsegment has evolved over time from the straightforward purchase of limited partnership interest to the more elaborate transactions involving structural creativity and complex problem solving for sellers. It is concluded that the growth in secondaries brings liquidity to the asset class and thus makes private equity a more compelling investment proposition. As such, the secondary market will continue to be a key driver for growth of the private equity industry. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

有限合伙制私募股权投资基金所得税问题探讨

自然人合伙人个人所得税税率偏高;法人合伙人分得的私募股权投资基金基金取得的投资性收益是否免税以及企业法人缴纳企业所得税时合伙企业的股权投资损失是否可以抵减其盈利等,这些问题在新的合伙企业法中既有不合理之处,也有不确定因素。建议:自然人合伙人个人所得税税率标准统一定为20%;法人合伙人分得的私募股权投资基金基金取得的股息等投资性收益,应该享受免税待遇,法人合伙人可以在计算其缴纳企业所得税时,扣除合伙企业股权投资损失。     

Political uncertainty and investments by private and state-owned enterprises

We study corporate investments around national elections in India. Investment rates drop by a nonsignificant 2.2% for state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in election years. The decrease is significantly larger for private firms, which record an investment drop of 7.4%. The decrease in investment for private firms is likely attributable to political uncertainty. SOEs balance political uncertainty with the desire to woo voters who want government investments. Investments in election years are perceived positively for both private firms and for SOEs. Increased investment by SOEs and reduction in investment by private firms during election years are associated with improved investment efficiency.     

Socially Responsible Institutional Investment in Private Equity

This article studies institutional investor allocations to the socially responsible asset class. We propose two elements influence socially responsible institutional investment in private equity: internal organizational structure, and internationalization. We study socially responsible investments from Dutch institutional investments into private equity funds, and compare socially responsible investment across different asset classes and different types of institutional investors (banks, insurance companies, and pension funds). The data indicate socially responsible investment in private equity is 40–50% more common when the decision to implement such an investment plan is centralised with a single chief investment officer. Socially responsible investment in private equity is also more common among institutional investors with a greater international investment focus, and less common among fund-of-fund private equity investments.     

The institutional determinants of private equity involvement in business groups—The case of Africa

This study examines the governance attributes of post-IPO (initial public offering) retained ownership of private equity in business group constituent firms in contrast to their unaffiliated counterparts, in 202 newly listed firms in 22 emerging African economies. We adopt an actor centered institutional-theoretic perspective in rationalizing institutional voids and the advantages of maintained governance by both business angels (BA) and venture capital (VC) private equity. Our findings reveal private equity retain higher post-IPO ownership in business group constituents compared to unaffiliated firms and that this is inversely moderated in the context of improving institutional quality – where this is particularly strong in case of foreign VC as opposed to domestic VC or BA. Our result adds to the literature on multifocal corporate governance mechanisms and the institutional determinants of private equity investment.     

浅谈有限合伙型私募股权投资基金税务筹划

本文首先从我国现阶段私募基金占资管业务总规模的比重说明私募基金在我国资本市场的重要性,由此介绍有限合伙型私募股权基金定义和运作环节,通过详细阐述私募股权基金各环节的涉税业务及税收优惠政策,深入分析私募股权基金的税务筹划现状,并提出优化有限合伙型私募股权基金税务筹划策略,以期促进私募股权基金的长远发展。