我国政府会计引入权责发生制的若干思考

传统的政府会计核算以收付实现制为基础,随着社会的不断进步和发展,收付实现制为基础的政府会计弊病日益突出.权责发生制强调权利的取得与义务承担作为确认的标准,全面地反映实际资产和负债,更有助于改进政府部门的服务质量和效率,优化政府的决策.结合我国国情,本文认为,我国政府会计改革应该借鉴国际经验有选择地进行权衡取舍,循序渐进地实施相关改革.     

对政府预算会计权责发生制改革的思考

我国政府的预算会计采用的是收付实现制的记账基础,这与我国政府职能转换、公共财政体制改革、政府绩效评价制度以及政府监督制度所带来的对政府会计信息更高的要求相抵触.本文在对收付实现制与权责发生制相比较以及论述权责发生制改革条件的基础上,提出政府预算会计权责发生制改革的具体建议.     

我国政府及事业单位会计引入权责发生制的思考

本文探讨了政府及事业单位引入权责发生制的必要l生及意义,并就政府及事业单位推行权责发生制应采取的对策提出思考。     

对我国政府会计改革引入权责发生制的思考

中国经济社会的发展、政府职能的转变、社会公众对政府披露的会计信息表现出的诉求与期待,对我国政府会计信息提出了更高的要求,而原有的以收付实现制为基础的政府会计已经不能适应时代潮流,所以推动我国政府会计的改革势在必行。文章从我国政府会计的现状、改革的必要性和可行性、改革的思路以及改革过程中面临的难题及对应的建议出发,研究我国政府会计改革的方向。     

预算会计中引入权责发生制的一点思考

目前我国政府预算编制和会计核算一般以收付实现制为基础,造成了政府财务信息的不全面、不可比,与新体制下公共管理目标不相适应,对推行部门预算、国库集中支付、政府采购等改革也造成一定阻碍。文章在可行性论证的基础上提出由修正的收付实现制过渡到修正的权责发生制,进而实现我国政府预算会计领域核算基础的改革基本思路。     

我国政府会计引入权责发生制的改革研究

长期以来,我国政府会计主要以收付实现制为核算基础,这不仅难以满足新时期政府职能转变的需要,而且也不适应公共财政体制改革的大环境,更与我国已经推行的政府采购、国库集中收付等财政管理体制的改革不相适应.因此,引入权责发生制成为我国政府会计改革的核心内容.本文主要分析了我国政府会计引入权责发生制的必要性,并对政府会计引入权责发生制的总体思路进行了探讨.     

对我国预算会计引进权责发生制的思考

在我国,传统的预算编制和政府预算会计核算一般以收付实现制为基础,随着社会的不断进步与发展,一种较之收付实现制更加全面、完整、准确地反映政府综合财政经济状况的核算基础——权责发生制逐步被引入政府预算编制和会计核算领域。     

权责发生制应用于我国政府会计的思考

随着公共财政体制的改革、政府职能的转换、政府绩效评价制度的改善以及政府监督的加强,当前的收付实现制已不能适应政府会计的要求。本文在分析收付实现制下政府会计存在的问题,权责发生制引进的必要性的基础上,提出在政府会计中循序渐进地引入权责发生制的几点建议。     

权责发生制应用于我国政府会计的思考

随着公共财政体制的改革、政府职能的转换、政府绩效评价制度的改善以及政府监督的加强,当前的收付实现制已不能适应政府会计的要求。本文在分析收付实现制下政府会计存在的问题,权责发生制引进的必要性的基础上,提出在政府会计中循序渐进地引入权责发生制的几点建议。     

中国政府会计权责发生制改革论析

中国政府职能的转换、公共财政体制的改革和政府绩效评价制度的建设,对政府会计信息提出了更高的要求,政府会计权责发生制改革已势在必行。本文主要分析中国政府会计权责发生制改革的必要性、可行性、路径选择以及改革中的难点,并提出了推进政府会计权责发生制改革的对策建议。     

Accrual Accounting and Budgeting Systems Issues in Australian Governments

Much confusion has resulted from the adoption of two accrual accounting and budgeting systems by Australian governments — the Government Finance Statistics system and the Australian Accounting Standards system — as each reports vastly different results. Which set of results should be believed and approved by parliament? Further, termination of the former cash accounting system has deprived governments of important information. The systems are examined here, and use of an enhanced GFS system, which incorporates the cash system, is recommended.     

Accrual Accounting and Budgeting Systems Issues in Australian Governments

Much confusion has resulted from the adoption of two accrual accounting and budgeting systems by Australian governments — the Government Finance Statistics system and the Australian Accounting Standards system — as each reports vastly different results. Which set of results should be believed and approved by parliament? Further, termination of the former cash accounting system has deprived governments of important information. The systems are examined here, and use of an enhanced GFS system, which incorporates the cash system, is recommended.     

我国政府会计权责制改革初探

随着“新公共管理运动”的兴起,改革政府会计引入权责发生制逐渐成为世界上许多国家的共识.而我国经过30多年的改革开放,市场经济环境已经发生了巨大变化,尤其是政府职能的转换、公共财政体制的改革、政府绩效评价制度的建设等,均对反映政府经济活动的政府会计信息提出了更高的要求,实行政府会计改革、引入权责制的呼声也日益高涨.本文从...     

权责发生制在企业会计核算中的应用状况及其分析

<正>企业单位以权责发生制为基础进行会计核算似乎是一个很简单的事实。大多数企业单位会计人员也都知道在会计核算时应该遵循这项基本会计原则,但现实中,根据我们的观察,权责发生制在企业会计核算中的应用状况却并不理想,大部分企业,尤其中小企业在会计核算过程中没有严格遵循权责发生制原则,有的甚至因此而严重影响到提供会计报表的质量。有些财务人员并不认为,没有按照权责发生制开展会计核算工作是一个严重问题。是什么原因导致企业在会计核算过程中偏离了权责发生制原则?本文拟就工作过程中的一些体会来谈谈此问题。     

National Accounting, Government Budgeting and the Accounting Discipline

National accounting and government budgeting include two kinds of financial reporting that are not influenced by, but have an increasing influence on, the accounting discipline. The government budget has changed, over the last sixty years, from a financial statement that was recognisably part of the accounting discipline to one in which national accounting and government budgeting have the dominant influence. There were early attempts to reconcile national accounting and the discipline but these have largely disappeared. Although the three forms of accounting measure the same phenomena, each is different in fundamental ways, in terms of both relevance and reliability.     

Preconditions for Successful Implementation of Accrual Accounting in Central Government

A number of national governments, including the UK, have successfully implemented a change to accrual accounting. But the change should not be regarded as an end in itself: it will not solve the problems that arise where inadequate cash accounting systems exist; it will not improve control or management where inadequate control and poor management exist; nor will it improve external audit or the legislature's control over the executive. Before this reform is introduced, cash accounting should be robust, control should be secure, external audit should be functioning well and the legislature should have an ability to call the executive to account. This article sets out preconditions that governments need to meet to ensure that the full benefits of accrual accounting are achieved.     

权责发生制对审计思路的影响

权责发生制是企业会计核算的重要原则之一。在审计实践中,人们往往重视其科学合理的一面,而忽视其局限性。权责发生制以收入与支出相配比为根据,它所提供的会计信息不能完整地反映现金流量,在某些情况下还会掩盖现金流量。如果审计人员只运用权责发生制的单一思维逻辑去审计分析造假,而忽视了“收付实现”与“现金流动”之间的基本逻辑关系,很可能对一些造假现象“见怪不怪”,反应迟钝。相反,如果运用收付实现制中提供的收入、支出信息与现金流入、流出是一致的这一思路和逻辑,从另一角度去分析造假现象,可能从造假结果与现金流量和经营活动…     

The Changing Landscape of Accrual Accounting

A fundamental property of accrual accounting is to smooth temporary timing fluctuations in operating cash flows, indicating an inherent negative correlation between accruals and cash flows. We show that the overall correlation between accruals and cash flows has dramatically declined in magnitude over the past half century and has largely disappeared in more recent years. The adjusted R ² from regressing (changes in) accruals on (changes in) cash flows drops from about 70% (90%) in the 1960s to near zero (under 20%) in more recent years. In exploring potential reasons for the observed attenuation, we find that increases in non‐timing‐related accrual recognition, as proxied by one‐time and nonoperating items and the frequency of loss firm‐years, explain the majority of the overall decline. On the other hand, temporal changes in the matching between revenues and expenses, and the growth of intangible‐intensive industries play only a limited role in explaining the observed attenuation. Finally, the relative decline of the timing role of accruals does not appear to be associated with an increase in the asymmetrically timely loss recognition role.