提高博士生培养质量刍议

本文通过数据统计实证分析 ,发现浙江省的民营经济与国有经济在资金投入产出上存在严重的不对称 ,从而制约了民营企业的活力和快速发展 ,得出了改变对民营企业的传统偏见 ,为其提供一个宽松、公平、合理、有效的环境 ,加大国有金融机构对民营经济的信贷倾斜 ,设立专门为民营企     

新形势下民营经济进一步发展的探究

民营经济存在和发展有其客观必然性,而当前形势下民营经济进一步发展存在诸多问题,因而需要转变观念,营造宽松、有序的市场环境包括私有财产的法律保障,给予相应的国民待遇等对策。     

民营企业信用缺失的原因和对策

当前,大力发展民营经济已成为一种共识,但我国民营企业的信用状况却不容乐观,信用缺失不但已经成为民营企业发展的瓶颈,而且影响到整个市场经济的运行效率和秩序。民营企业的信用缺失既有外部环境的问题,也有内部管理的问题。为了更好地促进民营企业的信用建设,迫切需要从社会     

成人高教面对入世就业环境变化的对策

浙江省是民营经济大省 ,民营科技企业在浙江省已取得长足的发展 ,但阻碍其民营科技企业进一步发展的许多问题却依然存在 ,亟待解决。其中民营企业的资金供给 ,尤其是申请金融机构贷款的障碍问题就是比较典型的。其中有需求方因素 (企业自身原因 也有来自供给方的因素 (银行的     

如何延续天津民营经济强劲发展势头

<正>天津市第十一次党代会报告再一次强调大力发展民营经济,坚持"两个毫不动摇",实施新一轮民营经济发展行动计划,让天津成为民营经济发展的福地。积极落实这一精神,将有助于延续近几年天津民营经济强劲发展势头。一、天津民营经济发展正处于发展黄金期近几年,天津迎来了民营经济发展黄金期,成为全国民营经济发展最快的地区。(一)近几年民营经济发展势头强劲。近几年天津民营经济发展势头强劲,连续3年实现两位数增长。2016年天津民营经     

几种民营经济模式对辽宁民营经济发展的启示

同发展较好的民营经济省份相比,辽宁民营经济的发展还有待提高.不同地区由于资源环境、地理位置以及政策等因素的不同,民营经济的发展路径不同.文章总结了国内较为典型的三种民营经济发展模式,通过与辽宁民营经济对比分析,总结出这几种发展模式对辽宁民营经济发展的启示,希望对辽宁民营经济的发展具有借鉴意义.     

广东省改革开放与民营经济

本文采用定性与定量相结合的方法，阐述了改革开放30年以来广东省民营经济发展的五个阶段，分析了民营经济对广东省经济发展的贡献，并结合广东省民营经济的发展历程，总结民营经济发展经验，指出广东省民营经济存在的问题及未来发展的对策。     

行政审批制度改革对民营经济发展的影响

民营经济是社会主义市场经济的重要组成部分.在民营经济的发展过程中,由于行政审批制度还不完善,对民营经济的发展产生了制约作用.文章主要针对行政审批制度改革进行了分析,通过行政审批制度改革为民营经济的发展创造良好条件,促进民营经济的不断发展.     

天津市西青区民营经济发展状况的调研报告

2013年底，天津市出台了《中共天津市委、天津市人民政府关于进一步加快民营经济发展的意见》，并召开了民营经济发展工作会议，天津市市委孙春兰书记和黄兴国市长在会上发表了重要讲话，对今后一个时期全市的民营经济发展做了部署。经过多年改革发展，民营经济已经成为西青经济的重要支柱，是推进工业化、城市化，繁荣市场、富裕农民的重要力量。本文在总结天津市西青区民营经济发展基本态势的基础上，就如何适应形势发展变化，进一步激发西青区民营经济的发展活力，做大做强民营经济提出了思路对策。     

浅议民营经济与城镇化发展

文章概述了城镇化对于我国经济社会发展的现实意义,论述了民营经济的发展是城镇化的依托力量,从民营经济发展的视角探讨推进城镇化的有效途径:民营经济的发展为城镇化推进提供大量就业机会;建立技术培训机构,降低民营经济吸纳转移劳动力的成本;鼓励转移劳动力自主创业,为民营经济的发展注入新的活力;加快产业转型,借助民营经济提供良好的公共服务。     

Penetration and Post-infection Development of Meloidogyne Incognita on Tobacco as Treated by Rhizobacteria Pseudomonas Fluorescens Strain P-72-10

The bio-control potential of rhizospere bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens against plant-parasite nematode had been demonstrated. P. fluorescens had shown the effect to enhance tobacco resistance to root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Inoculation with P. fluoreseens in tobacco could lead to significant reductions in the number of juveniles that penetrated tobacco root and further life stage development of the juveniles. The number of juveniles penetrated into tobac- co root in treatment with P. fluorescens is significantly different from CK at 2DAI, 6DAI, 8DAI and 10DAI. Significant reduction and delayed development of juveniles that penetrated into tobacco root and treated were observed in treatment at 14DAI, 21DAI, 28DAI and 35DAI. In addition, P. fluoreseens treatment leads to a significant reduction in the number of eggs per egg-mass at 35 DAI. The results show P. fluorescens induced a continuously suppression on root-knot nema- tode M. incognita throughout their entire early infection phase of root penetration, subsequent life stage development and reproduction.     

On the Major Transformation of the Asia-Pacific Regional Structure北大核心CSSCISSCI

Recent years have witnessedsignificant changes in the Asia-Pacific regionalstructure featuring the shift in power balance among related countries as well as adjust-ments in their respective regional strategies. So what is the prevailing trend in thistransformation and what kind of regional order will likely emerge in the future？ To an-swer these questions, the paper tries to explore the following dimensions： the evolvingregional context, shift in power balance and power conversion, geo-political and geo-e-conomic developments and interactions between them, and evolving regional order. Asthe study shows, the broadening of regional geographical scope, the rise in the numberof actors involved, as well as changesin the relations among them, have combined tocast a pluralistic and complex flavor to the regional structure. While the power balanceamong China, the United States and Japan shifts, and power conversion is also occur-ring. China and Japan are paying increasing attention to their security roles, whereasthe United States under the Obama administration laid more stress on expanding itsgeo-economic clout. In spite of the intensifying geopolitical competition among China,the United States and Japan in recent years, a Sino-US strategic compromise-whichholds the key to regional geopolitics-isother front, some kind of geo-economicmore likely to take place in the future. On thecooperation will probably emerge. In the longerterm, it will be the geo-economic trend thatwill prevail over the geopolitical trend inthe region. Finally, the future evolution of regional order wiI1 mainly follow the eco-nomic logic, accompanied by the dilutionof its hegemonic and hierarchical nature.Hence, a pluralistic and complex regional community will emerge.     

The German Hanse and Bergen – new perspectives on an old subject

Abstract

The Hanseatic League and her kontors (trading posts) were an integral part of the medieval trade system in Northern Europe. Hanse merchants dominated many markets in this region and managed to maintain a monopoly-like role in towns like Novgorod and Bergen for many centuries. Consequently, one focus of historical research about the Hanseatic League lay on the mechanisms that enabled the Hanse merchants to keep that strong of a position for such a long time.

This article is part of the discussion about this topic. Based on Lübeck merchants with business interest in the Norwegian town of Bergen, the so-called Bergenfahrers (Bergen travellers), it will give new insights into the Hansards' economical and social organization. The three main points are (a) the integration of the Bergen market in the Hanseatic trade network as an intermediary trading place on the vivid East–West route of Hanse trade; (b) the importance of the Bergenfahrers within the Hanse merchants' economical, social and political networks; and (c) the structure of the Bergenfahrers network patterns in the late Middle Ages.

In addition to new insights into the important role of Bergen and the Bergenfahrers within Lübeck's and the other Wendish Hanse towns' trading system, this articles provides further proof for the usefulness of the methods of Social Network Analysis in medieval economic research.     

Organization and incentives in the age of sail

The British Navy in the age of sail was the most successful bureaucracy of its time. Its organization and incentive structures differed importantly from contemporaneous private sailing ventures, but closely resembled those of today’s large corporations. To induce efficient effort, the navy used a hierarchical tournament, in which sailors competed for higher pay that came with promotions based on relative performance. Promotion probabilities, the option value of future promotions, and the higher effort required of men in higher ranks and on larger vessels, combined to yield a highly skewed pay structure.     

For Better or for Worse? Local Impacts of the Decentralization of Indonesia’s Forest Sector

This paper quantifies the local impacts of mechanized logging on forest-dependent communities in Indonesia, before and after decentralization. A conceptual framework incorporates financial, social, enforcement, rent-seeking, and environmental impacts. Using data from 60 communities in East Kalimantan, the empirical results suggest that significantly more households received financial and in-kind benefits after decentralization compared to before. Many communities engaged in self-enforcement activities against firms both before and after decentralization. Post-decentralization, a significantly higher proportion of households perceived community forest ownership. There were few significant differences in perceived environmental impacts. Little evidence exists of a post-decentralization trade-off between environmental and financial contractual provisions.     

以资本管理为核心的银行治理综合评价指标研究

商业银行的特殊性体现在风险性、外部性和多重治理目标上，尤其集中体现在风险管理的本质上。风险管理日益成为现代商业银行的主体活动和核心职能，资本管理成为现代商业银行风险管理的核心。在整合EVA和RAROC指标的基础上。文章构建了以资本管理为核心的银行治理的综合评价指标，以求真实反映银行经营的成果，有效衡量风险收益和风险成本的对比关系，从而反映以资本管理为核心的银行风险管理的过程、能力和效率。     

Financial Reporting and Trade Credit: Evidence from Mandatory IFRS Adoption*

We investigate the effect of mandatory IFRS adoption on trade credit. We document that firms in countries that adopt IFRS receive more trade credit from their suppliers, consistent with improved financial reporting quality and comparability playing a role in facilitating informal financing. This increase is larger for countries with a low level of societal trust, a poor pre‐IFRS‐adoption information environment, and stronger legal enforcement. These cross‐sectional results suggest that the conditions under which higher‐quality information is made publicly available affect suppliers' decisions to provide trade credit. This increase is also larger for firms with greater exposure to foreign markets, a finding that highlights the importance of more comparable international financial reporting standards in facilitating cross‐country trade credit. We also find that IFRS adoption has a stronger positive effect on trade credit for firms with greater liquidity needs. Finally, we find that firms in countries that adopt IFRS also extend more trade credit to their customers. Overall, our results support the notion that financial reporting can have a causal effect on trade credit.     

Markteintrittstiming von Telekommunikationsdiensteanbietern

Zusammenfassung Die vorliegende Studie analysiert für 87 Neuprodukteinführungen (NPE) und Auslandsmarkteintritte (AME) von Telekommunikations(TK)-Diensteanbietern in Deutschland, zu denen 42 Schlüsselinformanten in einer schriftlichen Befragung Auskunft gaben, (1) inwieweit deren zeitliche Eintrittspositionierung durch Marktcharakteristika und Unternehmensressourcen erkl?rbar ist sowie (2) inwieweit und gegebenenfalls unter welchen unternehmensexternen und -internen Situationsbedingungen deren Markteintrittstiming mit dem wahrgenommenen Eintrittserfolg assoziiert ist. Ein früher Markteintritt wurde dann realisiert, wenn die Wettbewerbsintensit?t im adressierten Gesch?ft niedrig und das Budget für den Expansionsschritt überdurchschnittlich ausfielen. Zwischen dem Markteintrittstiming und der Beurteilung des Eintrittserfolgs bestand ein nicht monotoner, umgekehrt U-f?rmiger Zusammenhang: Frühe Folger wiesen signifikant bessere Erfolgswerte auf als Pioniere und sp?te Folger, deren Erfolgsniveaus nicht signifikant divergierten. In einer Industrie, die durch starke externe Netzeffekte gepr?gt ist, fallen offenbar die Nachteile eines Markteintritts als Pionier oder sp?ter Folger st?rker ins Gewicht als die Vorteile dieser beiden zeitlichen Eintrittspositionierungen. Unabh?ngig vom Markteintrittstiming wurden NPE/AME von TK-Unternehmen als erfolgreicher eingestuft, wenn sie sich in einen Markt mit stark wachsender Nachfrage und aufeinander abgestimmt (re)agierenden Wettbewerbern mit qualitativ überdurchschnittlichen, abw?rtskompatiblen, erprobbaren und wenig erkl?rungsbedürftigen TK-Diensten engagierten.