Price discrimination and the location choice of a durable goods monopoly

Delivered pricing by a spatial monopoly amounts to third degree price discrimination. Well known results in spatial economics show that the monopolist location choice is efficient under delivered pricing and generally inefficient under mill pricing. By contrast, the present paper shows that if the monopolist sells a durable good, the location is also inefficient under delivered pricing.     

在华跨国公司技术垄断倾向及超越路径

技术溢出是跨国公司影响东道国企业技术水平的重要途径。在华跨国公司受其全球化经营战略布局的制约,对其技术外溢常常实行控制策略。本文揭示了跨国公司进入中国后的企业技术垄断倾向,阐明了垄断造成的危害,进而提出了解决这一问题的相应措施。     

新中国70年产业组织政策变革及展望

新中国70年先后实行了计划经济体制和社会主义市场经济体制,这两种经济体制都面临产业组织问题。改革开放以前先后实施了统筹发展五种经济成分、以部门分工和专业化协作为主要内容的产业组织政策;改革开放40年间,产业组织政策向促进竞争和遏制垄断转型。未来我国产业组织政策应以公平竞争制度建设为主线,在培育优质企业和世界一流企业、促进新兴产业成长和攻克核心技术等方面发挥积极作用。     

打破垄断促进市场有效竞争

行业性行政垄断的存在,严重阻碍着我国市场化的进程.引进竞争、打破垄断是当前我国继续深化改革、实行全面开放的一项紧迫而又艰巨的任务.我们要按照现代社会经济与公共管理的演进趋势认识垄断问题,并从多方面寻求打破垄断的思路与措施.     

数字信息产品的定价机理研究

本文在系统分析数字信息产品的市场结构特点的基础上,分别给出了此种产品在两种垄断性市场结构中不同的定价模型,并分析模型在实际中的应用。     

CONJECTURAL VARIATIONS AND LOCATION THEORY

ABSTRACT. Imperfectly competitive markets, such as those involving spatial separation of producers and consumers are characterized by interactions between competing firms. Actions call forth reactions and the possible reactions form an important part of the information set that should be used to determine the initial actions. One method for dealing with this is the 'conjectoral variation' approach. Despite some shortcomings this methodology sheds considerable light on decision-making in the space economy. Equally importantly, it sheds light on more general microeconomies modelled as spatial analogs. This paper shows that conjectural variations and the nature of competition between rival firms do indeed 'matter' in location choice and more generally in product design. In particular, we shall be concerned with showing how the conjectured responses of rival firms affect their desire to agglomerate.     

Gradual location set covering with service quality

Location set covering models were first described in the early 1970s. In their simplest form, they minimize the number of facilities necessary to completely cover a set of customers in some given space, where covering means providing service within a predetermined distance. This paper considers extensions of the basic model that soften the covered/not covered dichotomy and replace it with gradual covering. The models discussed in this work include the quality of service as a criterion. The models are formulated and compared with each other with respect to their size and features. A small series of computational tests concludes the paper.     

物流园区的规划与发展

本文从分析规划物流园区的目的出发,借鉴国内外物流园区发展的成功经验,对物流园区如何在明确基本功能定位的基础上,充分发挥政府的积极作用,科学规划物流园区,并使物流企业在此过程中获得发展的机会等问题进行了探索。     

资本结构与公司产品市场战略——一个模型分析

本文在总结了以前资本结构理论的基础上,提出了分析资本结构与产品市场战略关系的一般框架,按照公司债务是否能使公司在产品市场竞争中处于强势或弱势地位的标准,分别介绍不同的战略决策对公司财务杠杆的影响,得出了正的战略效应能够增加高负债水平的杠杆收益;负的战略效应会减少高负债水平的杠杆收益。与不考虑战略安排的情况相比,相应地应该举更多(更少)债务的结论。相反,我们也描述了负债对公司产品市场竞争战略的影响,得出了上述结论另一方面的解释。最后,讨论了结论的理论意义及现实意义。     

西方国家应用规制理论的经验对规制我国垄断行业收入分配行为的启示

近年,垄断行业职工收入畸高,严重偏离市场规律,已成为我国收入分配领域的一个敏感突出而亟待解决的社会问题。但在较长时期内,想通过破除行政垄断、解决"所有者缺位"问题这两个途径来解决垄断行业收入分配问题是不可行的,改革政府监管才是解决垄断行业收入分配问题的现实选择。     

我国铁路企业竞争合作策略分析

通过建立单阶段和多阶段的博弈模型,对我国铁路企业的三种策略组合(竞争-竞争、竞争-合作、合作-合作)进行了比较分析。发现竞争-竞争策略组合只是铁路行业单阶段博弈的最优策略,而在多阶段博弈过程中还存在合作-合作(即串谋)的可能性。     

谈电力垄断行业的改革

电力垄断行业的改革对于我国电力行业的发展具有重要意义。这就要求相关部门人员从多个方面考虑,实现水电等可再生能源的发展,提高能源的利用效率,以此来为我国社会发展创造一个崭新的电力行业。     

我国电力行业的自然垄断效率分析

本文通过建立计量模型,从行业利润率和全要素效率两方面实证分析了我国电力行业的自然垄断效率变化。     

从放松规制到规制重构:国有垄断行业改革的新思考

随着国有垄断行业改革的提速,放松规制和引入竞争仍在持续,但整体布局、重构规制亟待完善。本文通过对电力、电信、石油、烟草等典型行业改革模式比较分析后提出:垄断行业改革的基本取向应从放松规制走向规制重构;建立产业协调、竞争促进和市场监管体系;促进中央与地方的产业协调发展;统筹提升国有经济的活力、影响力、控制力和抗风险能力。     

Accurate estimation of expected coverage: revisited

As noted in several studies (Batta et al., Transp. Sci. 23 (1989) 277), (Burwell et al., Comput. Opns. Res. 20 (1993) 113), (Daskin, Network and Discrete Location, Wiley, New York, 1995), (Marianov and ReVelle, Eur. J. Opns. Res. 93 (1996) 110), (Saydam et al., Socio-Econ. Plann. Sci. 28(2) (1994) 113), the accurate estimation of expected coverage is an important and open issue. Although the maximum expected coverage model is empirically shown to prescribe a robust set of “optimal” locations, earlier findings suggest that it could also over or underestimate the coverage by a significant margin. In this study, we present a genetic algorithm (GA) that combines the expected coverage approach with the hypercube model (Jarvis, Mgmt. Sci. 31 (1985) 235), (Larson, Comput. Opns. Res. 1 (1974) 67), (Larson, Opns. Res. 23 (1975) 845) to solve the maximum expected coverage location problem with increased accuracy and realism. Our findings suggest that the GA provides at least as good solutions 94% of the time making it a viable alternative to the two-step procedures stipulated earlier.