共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 296 毫秒
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国华 《世界标准化与质量管理》2002,(8)
实践表明,所有废物都是危险有害的,只是危害程度不同而已。为了科学合理地解决废物处置问题,不久前独联体标准化委员会(МГС)发布实施了一系列有关废物处置的跨国标准。这些标准是由《二次物质资源》跨国标准化技术委员会(МТК349)、俄罗斯国家标委、乌克兰国家标委会同有关机构,按照节省资源、安全可靠的原则联合提出的。其中最重要的基础性标准有废物登记制、分类编码、识别标志等标准。废物登记制始于1988年。它是指以统一格式的登记说明书和明示的分类编码,将废物的所有特性,尤其是危险性或惰性记录在案,为废物处… 相似文献
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汽车维修是汽车维护与修理的总称。抓好汽车维修管理,是落实车辆技术管理规定的重要工作,是企业运输部门面前的一项紧迫任务。油气企业运输车辆必须具备与维修车辆所装载、接触的危险货物相适应的清洗、去污、熏蒸、防爆、防火、防污染、防腐蚀等设施和试压设备,专用拆装、维修、测试设备和工具,污水处理、危险品处理、残余物回收等装置及维修人员防护用具用品。 相似文献
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《Socio》2020
Establishing a robust facility location and assignment plan to improve the efficiency of the decontamination process is critical to alleviating the physical impact of the radiation leakage that occurs in a nuclear accident. This study develops an approach for optimizing the locations of decontamination facilities and assignments of affected villages. The approach is a robust optimization model that optimizes the worst-case performance. The system dynamic model is integrated into the robust optimization model to simulate the decontamination process and compute the decontamination time. A case study is conducted of the Plume Emergency Planning Zone in China. The results indicate that (1) a decontamination site location plan can be obtained in which each site is located in a different direction, (2) no evacuee will be allowed to travel across the downwind area in an assignment plan, and (3) a larger financial investment does not imply an increased decontamination efficiency. An appropriate budget exists that can balance the decontamination time and cost. The proposed model can assist decision makers in (i) better understanding the effects of decontamination site location and village assignment and (ii) deciding which location and assignment plans should be applied to cope with disruptive nuclear accidents. 相似文献
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简述市政给水管道施工的设计与管理 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
市政给水系统是市政工程设施得以正常使用的重要设施之一,虽然施工工艺相对不太复杂,但其施工要求难度较大。大多数施工队伍技术力量薄,施工经历不多,尤其对大口径管道,质量控制难度更大。本文结合城市给水工程发展特点,从质量角度提出了相应的管理措施。 相似文献
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Oded Hochman 《Journal of urban economics》2011,69(1):118-135
We investigate here the agglomeration of spatial clubs in an efficient allocation of a club economy. The literature on agglomeration has focused largely on a primary agglomeration caused by direct attraction forces. We concentrate mainly on secondary and tertiary agglomerations caused by a primary agglomeration. Initially, scale economies in the provision of club goods (CGs) lead each CG to agglomerate in facilities of its club. This primary agglomeration causes a secondary concentration of population around these facilities, which in turn brings about a tertiary agglomeration of facilities of different clubs into centers in the midst of population concentration. The agglomeration of facilities occurs only if a secondary concentration of population takes place. We analyze in detail two specific patterns of agglomeration. One is the central location pattern in which the facilities of all clubs agglomerate perfectly in the middle of the complex. The second is a triple-centered complex in which the center in the middle of the complex consists of perfectly agglomerated facilities of different clubs, each with a single facility per complex. The remaining two centers also consist of facilities of different clubs, but clubs in these centers each have two facilities per complex, one in each center. Each of these two centers is located between a boundary and the middle of the complex closer to the middle of the complex than to the boundary. The facilities in these two centers form condensed clusters of facilities that may contain residential land in between the facilities. We then show that these agglomeration patterns also characterize agglomerations in general. The literature maintains that an efficiently behaving municipality increases its tax-base. This implies that it is in the municipality’s interest to achieve efficiency. The best way for a local government to achieve this desired efficiency is by partially intervening in market operations in order to internalize local externalities. Such an intervention should be limited to providing the city’s infrastructure, to taxing only residential land rents and clubs’ profits, to subsidizing the basic industry of the city, and to partially regulating land uses. Consequently, if the local governments of all complexes behave according to the above, the decentralization of the efficient allocation of the club economy would be attained. 相似文献
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文章采用乙基愈创木酚-乙醛酸法制备乙基香兰素,此法工艺简单,反应条件易于控制,产率高,产品纯度高,三废污染少。与传统工艺相比,该工艺具有流程简单,能耗少,污染少,转化率高等优点,能满足环保和经济要求。本设计主要完成了氧化及萃取工段的氧化塔,脱羧塔以及萃取塔的工艺设计计算,确定了塔高、塔径等。 相似文献
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生态效率视角下建筑废弃物减排与利用的法律规制 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
生态效率是基于环境、经济系统相互关系的测评工具,同时兼顾了经济效益和环境效益.伴随着我国快速城市化的进程,建筑废弃物的大量产生和低效利用带来了严重的环境资源问题,背离了生态效率原则的要求.与美国、德国、日本等发达国家相比较,我国在依法规制建筑废弃物减排与利用方面还存在立法理念落后、专项立法欠缺、监管体制不合理、具体制度... 相似文献
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核电站、核反应堆等核装置为了防止放射性物质外泄,在电缆穿墙(壁)时采用电缆贯穿件进行隔离。通常电缆贯穿件需将电缆截断采用插接件进行密封,插接式电缆贯穿件密封性能容易保证,密封可靠,泄漏率可达到极小。但加工零件多、精度要求较高,制造成本高。特别是对于大电流动力电缆和要求较高的信号同轴电缆,容易产生插接电极发热过大和信号衰减。为了满足工程需要,采用不截断电缆,不破坏电缆护套,本文研制了一套试验样机。样机经过密封性能、电气性能和抗震试验的验证。样机的的各项技术指标满足工程要求,泄漏率小于1×10-7Pa.m.3s-1。 相似文献
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医药冷链物流是医药物流和冷链物流相结合的一个新兴产业,它既要满足医药制品的高质量要求,又要满足冷藏品的特殊温度要求。我国的医药冷链物流行业存在标准缺失、设施陈旧、成本高、人才稀缺、断链现象严重等诸多问题,严重影响到我国医药冷链物流体系的发展完善。文中通过对我国医药冷链物流现状的分析,针对发展过程中存在的问题,提出了相应的对策。 相似文献
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在透平叶栅中,二次流动的影响贯穿整个流场的大部分,且其损失占总损失的一半,因此通过端壁型线设计改善流动以提高涡轮效率是有效的方法之一。仿真结果表明;外端壁子午收缩设计形成沿叶高的均匀静压分布,抑制了边界层的径向二次流。子午收缩叶片在0~0.89相对叶高范围内的压力损失都小于直叶片栅,只是在顶端附近损失加大,总体来说子午收缩提高了叶栅的热效率。 相似文献
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目前我国对于核设施退役与放射性废物治理相关项目的需求日益增长,为确定现有规定中的各设计阶段的基本预备费费率是否能满足工程实际需求,本文针对低放固体废物处置场项目使用CRYSTAL BALL软件进行蒙特卡罗模拟,对工程的基本预备费进行计算。本文通过对两种方案分别进行Beta-PERT分布和正态分布模拟,得到不同置信区间下的基本预备费费用和费率并进行验证,得出基本预备费费率基本目前项目的实际情况,验证了蒙特卡罗模拟方法在低放固体废物处置场可行性研究阶段基本预备费的估算具有可行性,有良好的应用和推广价值。 相似文献
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制约沈家河灌区农业经济发展的主要原因是水利设施配套不完善,工程年久失修,灌区运行管理制度不够完善,水资源浪费严重,灌溉水利用率低,灌溉面积减少,灌区效益低下,所以建设沈家河灌区末级渠系改造配套工程势在必行。 相似文献