绿色创业企业先动式顾客导向对突破式绿色产品创新的作用研究

为了探索先动式顾客导向对突破式产品创新的真实影响,本研究以绿色创业企业为研究对象,将突破式绿色产品创新划分为以技术为基础的突破式绿色产品创新和以市场为基础的突破式绿色产品创新,将突破式绿色产品创新兼容性与重要性作为中介变量构建了先动式顾客导向和两种类型突破式绿色产品创新之间关系的概念模型,并以国内193家企业为样本进行了实证研究。研究发现：先动式顾客导向在促进突破式产品创新的过程中存在着局限性,即先动式顾客导向对以技术为基础的突破式绿色产品创新有正向的显著影响,但对以市场为基础的突破式绿色产品创新的正向影响不显著,突破式绿色产品创新兼容性与重要性在先动式顾客导向和以技术为基础的突破式绿色产品创新之间发挥着部分中介作用。     

终端变革下品牌产品分销渠道的选择

传统的产品分销渠道建设及管理,都把中间商(批发商)环节作为重点,忽视零售终端的重要性,或对零售终端采取放任自流的态度。品牌产品的产品概念具有更广泛的含义,终端形象和终端服务也是品牌产品的重要外延、是品牌价值的重要体现。因此,品牌产品分销渠道的选择,必须以终端市场为重心、必须建立扁平化供应体系、必须与渠道成员间建立起伙伴型关系,方能与企业品牌营销的总体战略相适应。     

品牌危机对顾客购买意愿影响研究——基于感知风险及品牌信任的实证分析

品牌信任和感知风险作为一种主观情绪和心理体现,对消费者的购买决策产生作用。本文以电脑品牌产品为例,将品牌危机分成两类:一种是与产品功能和安全相关的危机,另一种是与企业道德价值相关的危机,通过实证探讨在两种危机情境中,变量之间的作用关系以及不同危机组中变量之间的影响程度及其差异。     

消费者敌意对品牌来源国选择的影响

本文在文献研究的基础上,引入消费者敌意和消费者民族中心主义两个变量,探讨其对日本品牌、国产品牌和第三国品牌的产品购买意愿的影响。研究发现:消费者敌意能够强化消费者民族中心主义;消费者敌意、消费者民族中心主义与日本品牌的产品购买意愿存在负向关系;消费者民族中心主义与国产品牌的产品购买意愿存在正向关系,但对第三国品牌的产品购买意愿没有影响;消费者敌意对国产品牌和第三国品牌的产品购买意愿的影响因品牌和产品类别的不同而存在差异。     

基于社会资本的公共品牌管理探讨

社会资本是公共品牌资产的核心组成要素.公共品牌所蕴涵的社会关系网络更宽更复杂性,决定了公共品牌具有更强的敏感度.国内传统公共品牌的大面积沉沦,其根本原因在于欺诈行为侵蚀了社会资本的诚信基础,导致社会资本大幅缩水.其管理对策必须以严格的行业管理与严谨的营销方式巩固消费者对产品价值的信任基石,扭转公共品牌产品的市场供需状况.因此,公共品牌建设必须加强以诚信、合作、共赢为导向的社会资本的重置投资.     

农技人员推广导向对农户品牌行为影响的作用机理——基于扎根理论的探索性研究

本文立足农资品牌成长的特定环境, 从农技基层推广人员的视角出发, 运用扎根理论研究方法, 归纳不同推广导向下形成的不同类型产品推广方式, 构建农资产品推广导向对农户品牌行为的作用机理模型, 为探讨中国特殊背景下农资产品推广导向与农户品牌行为的关系提供有益的理论依据和研究框架, 以期在实践中发挥促进农资品牌推广和推动农资品牌成长的指导作用.     

也谈业务外包企业供应商关系管理

本文在简述业务外包经营模式演变历程的基础上,指出业务外包已经成为众多企业培育核心竞争力的重要途径之一。继而论述了业务外包企业供应商关系管理的必要性。又从关系层次和关系特性两个角度对业务外包企业供应商关系管理的复杂性进行分析。在业务外包企业供应商关系管理的必要性和复杂性的研究基础上,对供应商管理模式的演进过程进行了分析,以求为外包企业在供应商关系管理实践提供理论指导。     

技术创新、 资本深化与制造业国际竞争力——基于环境规制视角的实证检验

文章基于环境规制视角,通过构建联立方程模型实证分析技术创新、 资本深化与制造业竞争力的内生关系,并利用分行业数据进一步检验不同污染密集度下三者之间的相互影响有何差异.研究结果发现,整体来看各变量间存在显著相关关系,"波特假说"得到验证.分行业回归结果显示,重度污染行业的多数变量对技术创新表现负向影响、 缺乏内在创新动力,中度污染行业则明显存在资本过度深化问题.由于行业异质性,环境规制对国际竞争力表现差异化的影响,整体、 中度和轻度污染行业呈现U型特征,而重度污染行业则表现为倒U型特征.     

品牌角力视角下零售商与供应商品牌推广研究

品牌是一种无形资产,它能够给拥有者带来溢价.零供关系是世界经济发展到一定阶段的产物,是社会分工专业化的必然趋势,零供双方主要表现出竞争与合作并存的关系.一方面,供应商的产品为零售商创造现金流量,零售商的渠道资源帮助供应商将产品顺利推向消费市场;另一方面,零供双方都在以品牌推广为突破口借以增强与对方谈判的筹码.在新形势下,零供双方的竞争集中体现在双方围绕品牌推广的角力.     

供应商家长式行为导向与经销商建言行为：人情的调节作用

以渠道行为理论、中国本土社会心理学理论和家长式领导理论为基础，从中国传统文化的视角提出供应商家长式行为导向这一构念，将其细分为立威行为导向和施恩行为导向两个维度，并在供应商经销商关系中实证检验供应商家长式行为导向对经销商建言行为的影响以及人情的调节作用。以327份来自经销商的调查问卷为基础，研究结果显示：供应商家长式行为导向对经销商建言行为具有显著影响，立威行为导向会抑制经销商的建言行为，人情会削弱立威行为导向的抑制作用；而施恩行为导向会促进经销商的建言行为，人情会强化这一影响。     

Managing employee attention and internal branding

We extend the marketing literature on internal branding by developing a theoretical framework to explain the processes whereby brand orientation affects in- and extra-role employee brand-building behavior from the theoretical perspective of the attention-based view. The results of a survey of 314 UK-based nonprofit organizations show that brand orientation leads to the development of internal branding mechanisms, which in turn fosters in-role employee brand-building behaviors. We also find that internal branding mechanisms mediate the effects of brand orientation on extra-role employee brand-building behavior, as there exists an inverted U-shaped relationship between internal branding mechanisms and extra-role employee brand-building behaviors. Furthermore, our result shows that the inverted U-shaped relationship between internal branding mechanisms and extra-role employee brand-building behaviors flips to a concave upward curve when strong interfunctional communications exist.     

Driving In-Role and Extra-Role Brand Performance among Retail Frontline Salespeople: Antecedents and the Moderating Role of Customer Orientation

The organizational frontline in retail represents the frontline for an entire supply chain. This channel structure distances the branded supplier from the end consumer and makes the supplier dependent on a retail frontline salesperson that (1) it does not control and (2) also represents competing brands. This study reveals mechanisms that the supplier may use to influence retail frontline salespeople. We demonstrate the importance of consumer marketing programs and supplier representatives in building brand identification between the manufacturer’s brand and the retail frontline employee that translates into increased brand sales, while also revealing the role of rewards programs in stimulating brand-specific extra-role behaviors. Interestingly, retail frontline customer orientation, built by the retailer, diminishes the effect of brand extra-role behaviors toward the focal brand on the focal brand’s sales, providing an informal control mechanism for retailers to protect its objectives. The results of this study have powerful ramifications for both retailers and suppliers in achieving both their mutual, and sometimes differing, objectives related to the retail frontline.     

An investigation of the black-box supplier integration in new product development

This research examines black-box supplier integration in new product development (NPD). A model and several hypotheses are proposed to study the relationship between product task characteristics (importance and complexity), supplier integration, and product performance. Data from 136 U.S. high-tech firms were used to test the hypotheses. Results suggest that assessing the importance and complexity of NPD tasks is critical to the implementation of supplier integration innovation strategy. Firms are likely to perform NPD tasks that are related to firms' core competencies in-house. They tend to externalize complex tasks to suppliers in order to utilize suppliers' resources and to increase NPD speed. The black-box supplier integration influences the speed to market. However, it is more effective on speed to market when technology uncertainty is low than when technology uncertainty is high.     

Interactions,innovation, and services

Although research has acknowledged the importance of supplier–buyer relationships for goods innovation, empirical evidence on the extent and nature of the effects of original equipment manufacturing (OEM) supplier–buyer relationships on service innovation remains scarce. Based on a survey of 152 suppliers in Taiwan, this study concludes that the interaction orientation of OEM suppliers is a key factor influencing the development of two competencies: joint innovation competence and cross-functional information dissemination competence. These two competencies contribute to OEM suppliers’ exploitative service innovation and explorative service innovation, respectively. In other words, applying a resource-based view, this study provides clarity regarding the linkages shown below (an organization’s strategic orientation influences its development of organizational capabilities and results in organizational performance) for the purpose of exploring the relationship between interaction orientation and service innovation.     

Justice in triad: Revisiting supplier involvement in new product development

Recognizing the importance of involving suppliers in the new product development (NPD) process, extensive studies have examined this issue at a buyer–supplier dyadic level. However, how supplier involvement leads to better NPD performance is not clearly explained. Additionally, extending the dyadic relationships to triadic relationships and addressing how to manage the two competing suppliers with fair conduct remains unexplored. To answer these questions, this study developed a conceptual model theorizing the role of supplier involvement, information sharing, and justice in the NPD process within a buyer–supplier–supplier triadic relationship. Based on survey data collected from 200 U.S. firms, Structural Equation Modeling is used to test the hypothesis. The results first confirmed the criticality of involving both primary and secondary suppliers during NPD. Second, the positive effect of triadic supplier involvement on innovation performance is fully mediated by information sharing. Finally, this study explored the different roles of procedural justice and distributive justice; the results confirmed that procedural justice acts as a moderator for the relationship between triadic supplier involvement and information sharing, whereas distributive justice moderates the effect between information sharing and innovation performance. Our findings contribute to the literature of triadic supplier involvement-new product development and relationship management. Accordingly, these findings highlight key implications for managers and policymakers.     

Trust Deterioration in an International Buyer-Supplier Relationship

Despite an abundance of research on inter-organizational trust, researchers are only beginning to understand the process of trust deterioration as an inter-organizational phenomenon. This paper presents a case study examining the deteriorating relationship between two international high-tech firms. We surveyed respondents from the supplier firm to identify major elements that reduced the supplier's trust in its customer, using the dimensions of trust identified by Mayer et al. (1995). While violations of ability, integrity, and benevolence all contributed to trust reduction, early violations of trustee benevolence contributed importantly to trust deterioration. Over time, the relationship became "sensitive," and respondents reported many incidents of trust violation. Managers reported primarily integrity- and benevolence-related incidents, while no pattern emerged among operations personnel. We examine the results in light of Hosmer's (1995) ethically-based trust principles. The supplier and customer would likely differ in their opinion of whether the customer was acting "ethically." This suggests that scholars need to examine how many principles can be violated before trust is eliminated, and whether any of the principles are particularly salient in business relationships.     

Consumer choice of retail shopping aids

This research investigates how consumer and product category attributes affect consumer interest in using various shopping aids. Research hypotheses were proposed based on a contingency framework of the relationship between consumer characteristics (i.e., purchase need, product knowledge, and brand preference heterogeneity) and shopping aid solutions (expanded selection, additional product information, personalization, and evaluative information). The findings demonstrated the importance of considering consumer characteristics when retailers design and provide shopping aids for consumers to facilitate purchase completion.     

Brand Authenticity: Testing the Antecedents and Outcomes of Brand Management's Passion for its Products

While customer orientation is accepted as a core marketing principle, this research suggests that an opposing orientation—product orientation—may offer an advantage. Managers who follow a product orientation focus on products that interest and inspire them rather than on products that fulfill consumers’ desires. This research suggests that a consumer's perception that managers follow a product orientation is consistent with prior conceptualizations of brand authenticity. That research suggests that brands perceived as authentic are evaluated more positively, yet that research does not empirically assess brand authenticity's effects nor suggest its antecedents. To fill this gap, the authors develop a conceptualization and model of brand authenticity grounded in self‐determination theory, attribution theory, and extant authentic human brand research. Brand authenticity is defined as the extent to which consumers perceive that a brand's managers are intrinsically motivated in that they are passionate about and devoted to providing their products. The model proposes four antecedents of brand authenticity—two related to rare brand behaviors (uniqueness and scarcity), and two related to stable brand behaviors (longevity and longitudinal consistency). It also proposes two perceptual outcomes of brand authenticity—expected quality and trust. Two 2 × 2 experiments (n = 136 for Study 1; n = 155 for Study 2) demonstrate a positive impact of the antecedents on brand authenticity and of brand authenticity on the outcomes. Brand authenticity mediates these effects.     

Brand Loyalty and Price Promotion Strategies: An Empirical Analysis

Though brand loyalty has been studied extensively in the marketing literature, the relationship between brand loyalty and retail pricing strategies is not well understood. Designing promotion strategies involves two key decisions: the percentage reduction in price from the existing price point (depth), and the frequency with which a product is promoted. These decisions, in turn, are critically dependent upon how many consumers can be convinced to switch to a brand by temporarily reducing its price, and how many are instead brand loyal. Theoretical models of how the strength of brand loyalty influence optimal promotion strategies have been developed, but there are no rigorous tests of their hypotheses that take into account wholesale price variation. We test how brand loyalty impacts promotion strategies for two frequently purchased consumer packaged good categories. Our results confirm that retailers promote strong brands shallower and more frequently compared to brands with weak loyalty. Our results highlight the importance of carefully modeling wholesale prices when testing behavioral models on retail pricing.     

The moderating effect of brand orientation on inter-firm market orientation and performance

Abstract

While prior research has shown that market and brand orientation are key contributors to successful business performance, research to date has not fully explored how inter firm collaboration for these two key orientations can enhance business performance. The purpose of the paper is to investigate the relationship between inter-firm market and performance; to test for the moderating role of brand orientation in that relationship. A total of 169 completed pairs of surveys were collected of small and medium enterprises operating internationally in a variety of industries in Switzerland. The results show that inter-firm market and brand orientation are two antecedents of marketing and financial performance. The impact of inter-firm market on marketing and financial performance is significant when the brand orientation is favorable. This study extends previous research by examining the moderating role of brand orientation on inter firm market orientation, which is important, especially for firms wanting to increase their brand reputation by entering into partnerships with other firms. Further research is indicated, to identify the key moderators of the driving force of inter-firm market in relation to business performance and the reason why maintaining a strong brand presence is important in the international marketplace.