信息不确定、坏消息与投资者交易行为

本文以2000年至2010年的A股上市公司违法违规事件为样本,分析该类事件中信息不确定性的影响,以及市场反应中的投资者交易行为。研究发现:上市公司市场价值在事件日呈显著下跌;然而,与直觉有些相悖的是,信息不确定程度与超额累积收益呈显著正相关,这意味着在坏消息到来时,不确定性反而提高了股票的市场价值;最后,通过对各类投资者在此类事件中的净买入情况分析,我们发现不同投资者的交易行为有明显差异。机构投资者在坏消息中采用了反向交易策略,并且知情交易促进机构投资者的买入。     

机构投资者噪声交易行为的理论分析

根据对机构投资者噪声交易行为的理论分析,本文提出由于证券市场在本质上是一个信息市场,天然具有噪声交易动机和行为能力的机构投资者利用个人投资者的认识心理、情绪和投资行为偏差与证券市场制度结构,策略性地实施噪声交易行为,以此加剧信息的不对称性,进而在最大程度上发挥其比较优势、获取超额收益,噪声交易因此成为机构投资者投资行为的本质特征。机构投资者噪声交易行为属于有限理性的主动性噪声交易,噪声交易者风险的分布具有阶段性特征,在机构投资者可控制的范围之内。     

投资者情绪与股票收益——基于个人和机构投资者情绪的对比研究

通过对噪音交易模型(DSSW模型)的修正,本文以2005—2015年上交所A股市场为研究对象,选用新增开户数构建投资者情绪指标,研究个人和机构投资者情绪之间的关联性并且对比这两类投资者的情绪对股票收益的影响。结果表明:个人和机构投资者情绪的相互影响是不对称的,主要为机构投资者情绪影响个人投资者情绪。当期个人投资者情绪、滞后一期机构投资者情绪对市场超额收益有显著性影响,机构投资者情绪能够预测股票市场,而个人投资者情绪不具有预测作用。     

投资者情绪与股票收益--基于个人和机构投资者情绪的对比研究北大核心

通过对噪音交易模型(DSSW模型)的修正,本文以2005—2015年上交所A股市场为研究对象,选用新增开户数构建投资者情绪指标,研究个人和机构投资者情绪之间的关联性并且对比这两类投资者的情绪对股票收益的影响。结果表明:个人和机构投资者情绪的相互影响是不对称的,主要为机构投资者情绪影响个人投资者情绪。当期个人投资者情绪、滞后一期机构投资者情绪对市场超额收益有显著性影响,机构投资者情绪能够预测股票市场,而个人投资者情绪不具有预测作用。     

大宗交易对股价波动的羊群效应研究

以2018-2020年沪深A股发生大宗交易的上市公司为样本,实证检验了上市公司大宗交易定价对其二级市场股票价格波动的影响机理。结果表明：投资者羊群效应与股票超额收益显著正相关;大宗交易折溢价率与股票短期超额收益显著正相关;股票市场的伪羊群效应会减弱大宗交易对股票价格的短期影响。获取大宗交易定价信息的投资者理性与否决定了大宗交易定价对二级市场股票价格作用的强弱。进一步研究发现：沪深A股市场短期内伪羊群效应显著,长期内真羊群效应显著;这充分表明中国股票市场的资产定价相对合理,投资者处于有限理性状态。     

我国股票市场“聪明投资者”投资绩效归因研究

不同于寻找具有超额收益“证券”的股票市场主流投资方法,根据历史投资绩效来“选人”,即寻找“聪明投资者”可为构建有效的投资策略提供新思路。本文利用我国投资者全账户交易信息,根据历史投资绩效界定“聪明投资者”,并探索其获得超额收益的原因。结果显示,我国股票市场存在“聪明投资者”,在牛熊市中均可获得显著的超额收益;相比其他投资者,“聪明投资者”风险偏好较低但能获得超额收益,即不是因为他们高杠杆融资和配置更多风险资产承担风险而获得风险溢价,而是因为这类投资者具有更好的仓位管理能力、市场风格适应能力及显著的选股能力。本研究拓展了对我国这一部分特殊群体投资者行为的探索,结论可以用于构建具有实践意义的投资策略。     

中国A股市场上的机构投资者是理性的吗——基于知情交易视角的分析

本文利用2000~2014年沪深两市A股一般上市公司季度数据,研究机构投资者知情交易与特征组合相对超额收益的关系。实证结果显示:第一,当机构投资者知情交易变大时,持有盈余价格比高、利润总额同比增长率高、账面市值比低、价格高、规模大的股票的当期相对超额收益变大,知情机构投资者是理性的。第二,当机构投资者知情交易变大时,持有股息率低、盈余价格比低、利润总额同比增长率低、账面市值比低、价格低、规模小的股票的未来相对超额收益变大,知情机构投资者是非理性的。知情机构投资者并非是完全理性的,由于其更关注当期利益,而忽略长期价值投资,不利于维护股市的稳定。     

机构投资者持股、股权特征和信息披露质量

研究分析机构投资者持股对上市公司信息披露质量的影响,并进一步探索了异质机构及其所处股权环境在其中的作用. 研究发现,机构投资者整体能够提高上市公司信息披露质量;当股权集中且存在稳定型机构时,机构持股比例与信息披露质量显著正相关;当股权集中且存在交易型机构时,二者显著负相关. 这就要求我国进一步完善信息披露制度、机构投资者多元化和股权分置改革制度.     

机构投资者行为与交易量异象

我们验证了在中国资本市场上存在交易量异象,以过去3个月的换手率为基础进行套利,在未来3个月投资者能获取显著的超额回报。使用中期和年度机构持股数据,我们发现机构投资者能识别和利用交易量异象。基于交易量和机构投资者持股比例的信息,我们发现投资者如果买进过去3个月平均交易量最低与机构投资者持股比例最高的一组,同时卖空交易量最高与机构投资者持股比例最低的一组进行交叉套利,他们能在未来3个月获得10.3%的超额回报。     

加强上市公司会计信息披露的管理

1.会计信息披露的重要性 公司经营管理人员比投资者更多地了解公司内部的经营情况,投资者只能通过经营管理人员提供的信息,间接地评价公司的市场地位,因此他们在与投资者的对弈关系中处于优势地位.在证券市场中,拥有内幕信息的管理者,在没有利用信息获取超额报酬前,不愿意该信息被披露.     

Bayesian Premium Rating with Latent Structure

We propose a fully Bayesian approach to non-life risk premium rating, based on hierarchical models with latent variables for both claim frequency and claim size. Inference is based on the joint posterior distribution and is performed by Markov Chain Monte Carlo. Rather than plug-in point estimates of all unknown parameters, we take into account all sources of uncertainty simultaneously when the model is used to predict claims and estimate risk premiums. Several models are fitted to both a simulated dataset and a small portfolio regarding theft from cars. We show that interaction among latent variables can improve predictions significantly. We also investigate when interaction is not necessary. We compare our results with those obtained under a standard generalized linear model and show through numerical simulation that geographically located and spatially interacting latent variables can successfully compensate for missing covariates. However, when applied to the real portfolio data, the proposed models are not better than standard models due to the lack of spatial structure in the data.     

The development of the group accounts disclosure system in Japan

The Japanese disclosure system of consolidated statements was introduced in 1977 and extensively revised in 1997. The role of the bureaucracy has been significant in these developments and seems to be part of Japan's closed culture. However, other explanations could also be applied. In particular, although Japanese firms opposed such disclosures on the basis of preparation costs, the Japanese government had to modernize the disclosure system, including consolidation, in order to develop the securities market regardless of an individual company's interests.     

Moments of Compound Mixed Poisson Distributions

Recursive formulae are derived for the evaluation of the moments and the descending factorial moments about a point n of mixed Poisson and compound mixed Poisson distributions, in the case where the derivative of the logarithm of the mixing density can be written as a ratio of polynomials. As byproduct, we also obtain recursive formulae for the evaluation of the moments about the origin, central moments, descending and ascending factorial moments of these distributions. Examples are also presented for a number of mixing densities.     

The designing of corporate accounting law in Japan after the Second World War

After the Second World War, during the neutralization of the controlled economy of wartime Japan, a design for a Corporate Accounting Law was elaborated by the Investigation Committee on the Business Accounting System. The Investigation Committee tried to establish not only new business accounting standards but also a central and independent administrative organ of corporate accounting regulation on the basis of the Corporate Accounting Law. The Corporate Accounting Law was expected to lay the legal foundation of the new corporate accounting regulation regime in Japan. Nevertheless, even though the original design of the fundamental accounting law was never realized, it should be considered the starting point for our understanding of external accounting history in post-war Japan.     

Disclosure of government financial information and the cost of local government’s debt financing——Empirical evidence from provincial investment bonds for urban construction

China’s slowing economic growth and rapid urbanization have made local government debt financing a significant issue.This study uses a sample of China’s provinc...     

The deliberation around accounting techniques: accounting for depreciation and foreign exchange in an Indian jute company, 1870-1900

This paper examines the way two accounting techniques, namely depreciation and foreign exchange, were deliberated on, between 1870 and 1900, in an Indian jute company whose shareholders resided in the UK. The arena for these deliberations was the conflictual relationship between controlling and non-controlling shareholders as to how best to account for depreciation and foreign exchange especially when the particular accountings affected distributional issues such as the dividend decision. The purpose of this paper is to analyse and explain the processes by which a company's accounting practices emerge and develop as a contest between different interests. Accounting framed the parameters of the deliberations and provided the language of power and dissent. The paper uses a rich archive that includes narrative and accounting material.     

Guidelines for Manuscripts Submitted to The China Journal of Accounting Research

【正】The China Journal of Accounting Research"CJAR"(ISSN 1755-3091)publishes quarterly.It contains peer-reviewed articles and commentaries on accounting,auditing ...     

Short-sale refinancing and price adjustment speed to bad news: Evidence from a quasi-natural experiment in China

Short selling may accelerate stock price adjustment to negative news. However, the literature provides mixed evidence for this prediction. Using short-sale refinancing and a staggered difference-in-differences (DID) model, this paper explores the effect of short selling on stock price adjustment. Our results show that (1) short-sale refinancing improves the speed of stock price adjustment to negative news. This result holds after we control for endogeneity. (2) The positive relationship between short-sale refinancing and stock price adjustment speed is significant in subsamples of stocks with higher earnings management or lower accuracy of analyst forecasts, indicating that firms with more opaque information are more likely to be targeted by short sellers. In subsamples of stocks with a higher ownership concentration or lower ownership by institutional investors, short selling is more likely to increase the speed of stock price adjustment, indicating that ownership structure may influence negative news mining. (3) As short-sale refinancing exacerbates the absorption of bad news by stock prices, it increases crash risk. This study enriches the research on the economic consequences of short selling and provides empirical evidence supporting regulations on short selling in China.     

Pricing Dynamic Insurance Risks Using the Principle of Equivalent Utility

We introduce an expected utility approach to price insurance risks in a dynamic financial market setting. The valuation method is based on comparing the maximal expected utility functions with and without incorporating the insurance product, as in the classical principle of equivalent utility. The pricing mechanism relies heavily on risk preferences and yields two reservation prices - one each for the underwriter and buyer of the contract. The framework is rather general and applies to a number of applications that we extensively analyze.