基于加工设备的通用制造工艺分类编码、表达与描述的研究

在基于加工设备对通用制造工艺进行分类的基础上，确定了通用制造工艺编码的原则与方法，并对制造工艺的表达与描述进行了研究，提出了具体的方法，为通用制造工艺的标准化奠定了基础。     

PCB制造企业备件库存分类改进模型研究

基于传统ABC分类法对PCB制造企业备件分类的缺陷,文章分析了影响备件重要度的五个因素:生产关键度、备件类型、采购提前期、备件单价、年使用次数。运用层次分析法求得各影响因素之间的权重,并作为分类准则,对每一备件相对准则层进行ABC分类,然后结合准则层对目标层的权重计算备件组合权重并再次进行ABC分类,建立适合PCB制造企业的改进型备件库存分类模型。结果表明该方法较传统的ABC分类法全面客观地考虑了备件的各个属性及其评价指标,其分类结果更符合实际的库存管理需要。     

生产企业备件库存分类管理方法探索

库存物资科学管理的前提是合理的分类,目前,库存物资主要以ABC法进行分类。本文针对生产企业备件库存的特点,结合XYZ分类法和VED分类法,提出了综合反映备件库存管理难度的SNH分类模型,并在此基础上对S、N和H三类物资的管理方法进行了探讨。最后,本文以钢铁生产企业为例,对SNH分类管理方法进行了应用研究。     

基于VED的备件ABC分类研究

分析了ABC分类法在备件库存分类中的应用,指出了ABC分类法存在的片面性。据此提出了ABC-VED分类法对备件库存进行分类,综合考虑备件的成本和关键性这两个因素,从而使得备件的分类更加合理、有效。     

我国近现代工业遗产分类体系研究

我国近现代工业遗产分类是开展工业遗产保护与再利用研究与实践的重要内容和基本前提。按照工业生产行业及相关环境、尺度层级与构成要素、历史阶段、价值等级、区位特征、创办主体、再利用模式和工业建筑本体特征等,对我国近现代工业遗产的主要分类方法进行了介绍和解析。在此基础上,提出应用"混合分类法"建立我国近现代工业遗产的分类体系,即以"线分类法"为主导形成基本分类,以"面分类法"形成补充分类,基本分类与补充分类整合形成分类体系。分类体系的建立和完善是一个不断优化和细化的过程,体系框架可根据具体情况的变化做适应性调整。     

关于三次产业分类法应当正视的几个问题

三次产业分类法是我国在研究国民经济结构方面采用的产业分类法，在我国改革开放后的很长一段时期内对宏观经济管理、调整产业结构都起到了重要作用。但步入21世纪后，随着我国市场经济的不断深化和日趋成熟，主导经济发展的产业部门也变得日趋多元化，单靠三次产业分类法来反映国民经济的发展情况已显得明显不足。文章结合国际上通用的机构部门分类法的特点，类比分析我国三次产业分类法的不足，指出在当前我国的产业分类中应该重视的几个问题。     

基于零售业态分类法的物流业态分类研究

在研究零售业态分类法的基础上,分析传统物流分类方法的不足,以业态分类法探析物流业的分类。基于零售业态分类法的物流业态分类较以往的分类方法更具科学性、合理性、针对性,为物流企业向客户提供有效的标准化、差异化、个性化服务提供了依据。物流向多领域、多业态发展,既是我国经济发展的需要,也是物流业成长发展的必然。     

滴灌灌水器的发展现状及方向

本文在分析滴灌技术的发展历史及现状的基础上,对滴灌灌水器进行了分类,并针对目前滴灌灌水器在结构、工艺、制造技术、材料、配方等方面存在的一些问题,提出了一定的解决方案。     

固液双态通用蒸馏设备的初步设计

本文根据蒸馏的操作方法分类,结合酒精蒸馏与精馏工艺要求以及当前企业所普遍使用的蒸馏设备的优点与不足,开发出一种多功能固液双态通用蒸馏乙醇的新工艺。根据该工艺设计出了一种固液双态通用蒸馏设备,并对蒸馏设备的组成部分和设备的工艺效果进行综合概述。     

G家电配送中心库存成本控制策略研究

目前对配送中心库存成本控制的研究还很少。文章以G家电配送中心为例,采用ABC分类法对380余种型号家电进行分类;在此基础上,运用历史库存数据,计算得出安全库存和订货点;最后根据库存总成本最小化原则,得出了库存商品的每次最佳订货量。     

呋喃酚的合成方法

根据原料的不同,呋喃酚合成方法可分为邻苯二酚法、邻氯苯酚法、环己酮法、硝基苯酚法、愈创木酚法、邻异丙基酚法、羟基苯异酮法等,文章对前几种较常见的合成方法的原理及工艺进展进行了详细的综述,并展望了呋喃酚合成方法的发展趋势。     

基于Petri网的母鸡转舍业务流程建模优化研究

选择农牧养殖业中的母鸡转舍这一业务流程建立Petri网模型,并对模型进行分析计算,找出时间瓶颈,依据ECRS原则提出优化方案,利用流程周期时间指标评价优化前后流程的效率,比较表明该模型在农牧养殖业务流程优化中是非常有效的。     

Overhead and overlooked

Operations management conventionally divides processes into either manufacturing or service. An important third category of process is overlooked by that classification: the overhead process. In particular, the overhead process that is not tied to a product is especially overlooked by operations management research. Nevertheless, companies are awash in such processes. This paper identifies and classifies such processes and asserts that they are susceptible to the same kinds of improvement that can be made to manufacturing and service processes.     

Diverse task scheduling for individualized requirements in cloud manufacturing

Cloud manufacturing (CMfg) has emerged as a new manufacturing paradigm that provides ubiquitous, on-demand manufacturing services to customers through network and CMfg platforms. In CMfg system, task scheduling as an important means of finding suitable services for specific manufacturing tasks plays a key role in enhancing the system performance. Customers’ requirements in CMfg are highly individualized, which leads to diverse manufacturing tasks in terms of execution flows and users’ preferences. We focus on diverse manufacturing tasks and aim to address their scheduling issue in CMfg. First of all, a mathematical model of task scheduling is built based on analysis of the scheduling process in CMfg. To solve this scheduling problem, we propose a scheduling method aiming for diverse tasks, which enables each service demander to obtain desired manufacturing services. The candidate service sets are generated according to subtask directed graphs. An improved genetic algorithm is applied to searching for optimal task scheduling solutions. The effectiveness of the scheduling method proposed is verified by a case study with individualized customers’ requirements. The results indicate that the proposed task scheduling method is able to achieve better performance than some usual algorithms such as simulated annealing and pattern search.     

基于ANP和熵权的制造企业信息化绩效评测

迅猛发展的新一代信息技术及其在制造业生产过程与产品中的应用以及复杂多变的制造业发展外部环境等,决定了我国制造业信息化过程的复杂性,需要不断创新信息化评测理论与方法。现有的制造企业信息化绩效评测中存在评测维度单一、评测结果相互矛盾、评测指标之间的相关性不能有效反映等问题。从IT过程模型出发,建立了制造企业信息化绩效三维评测模型,提出基于网络层次分析和熵权法的绩效评测方法。以2010年天津市制造企业信息化调研数据为依据,应用提出的模型与方法进行了科学有效地评测,评测结果表明建立的绩效分析模型与评测方法合理有效。     

中小型制造企业生产异常事件的诊断与处理

本文对中小型制造企业生产异常情况的成因、分类及影响进行了探究分析,并针对中小型制造企业生产中的异常不能及时反馈和处理,以及生产效率和交货期等难以管控的现状,研究设计了一套对中小型制造企业生产过程异常的诊断流程与处理方法,为中小型制造企业解决此类问题提供了有益参考。     

Approaches to mass customization: configurations and empirical validation

Mass customization is a paradox-breaking manufacturing reality that combines the unique products of craft manufacturing with the cost-efficient manufacturing methods of mass production. Although this phenomenon is known to exist in practice, academic research has not adequately investigated this new form of competition. In this research, we develop a configurational model for classifying mass customizers based on customer involvement in design and product modularity. We validate this typology through an empirical analysis and classification of 126 mass customizers. We also explore manufacturing systems and performance implications of the various mass customization configurations.     

Manufacturing strategy: Its assessment and practice

In recent years, the subject of manufacturing strategy has attracted much attention, yet it is still a relatively unresearched area. Among practitioners, unlike the term “marketing strategy,” the term “manufacturing strategy” does not have instant recognition as to its meaning, purpose, and utility.For continued progress in the research and practice of manufacturing strategy, there is a real need for practical methods of assessing the manufacturing strategy of businesses. For example, for practitioners, the assessment of manufacturing strategy is essential to the development, fine tuning, revision, and evaluation of manufacturing strategy.This study presents a method of assessing the manufacturing strategy of businesses. In the process of assessing the manufacturing strategy in thirty-five manufacturing firms, this study found several problems with the practice of manufacturing strategy and recommends some solutions.It has been reported by researchers that the task of assessing manufacturing strategy is often hampered by a lack of understanding of the term manufacturing strategy and the absence of explicitly denned manufacturing strategies within most manufacturing firms. Consequently, this study assessed the implied manufacturing strategy in the participating firms using the responses of both chief executives or equivalents and manufacturing managers. To overcome nonuniform understanding of the term among executives, multiple respondents and multiple methods using several direct and indirect questions were employed to get as good a fix on the manufacturing strategies of the firms as possible.It was found that while chief executives stressed quality, technology, etc., which would contribute to a business level strategy based on product differentiation, manufacturing managers stressed cost, and the keeping of delivery promises. This mismatch of emphasis between the two executives could be a sign of problems in the effective use of the manufacturing function.A major conclusion of this study is that executives in manufacturing firms are not sufficiently “literate” in matters concerning manufacturing strategy. However, this deficiency could be easily corrected by appropriate training in assessing, formulating, and implementing manufacturing strategy.The method used in this study for assessing manufacturing strategy could be used by chief executives and manufacturing managers to identify their implied manufacturing strategy, and to detect agreements as well as disagreements between the two. Further, the method used here could be replicated by executives in developing or reviewing the formal manufacturing strategies of their businesses.     

Generalized confidence intervals for the process capability index C pm

Process capability indices have been proposed to the manufacturing industry for measuring process reproduction capability. The C _pm index takes into account the degree of process targeting (centering), which essentially measures process performance based on average process loss. To properly and accurately estimate the capability index, numerous conventional approaches have been proposed to obtain lower limits of the classical confidence intervals (CLCLs) for providing process capability information. In particular, lower confidence limits (LCLs) not only provide critical information regarding process performance but are used to determine if an improvement was made in reducing the nonconforming percent and the process expected loss. However, the conventional approach lacks for exact confidence intervals for C _pm involving unknown parameters which is a notable shortcoming. To remedy this, the method of generalized confidence intervals (GCIs) is proposed as an extension of classical confidence intervals (CCIs). For evaluating practical applications, two lower limits of generalized confidence intervals (GLCLs) for C _pm using generalized pivotal quantities (GPQs) are considered, (i) to assess the minimum performance of one manufacturing process/one supplier, and (ii) to assess the smallest performance of several manufacturing processes/several suppliers for equal as well as unequal process variances.