Privacy, property rights and efficiency: The economics of privacy as secrecy

There is a long history of governmental efforts to protect personal privacy and strong debates about the merits of such policies. A central element of privacy is the ability to control the dissemination of personally identifiable data to private parties. Posner, Stigler, and others have argued that privacy comes at the expense of allocative efficiency. Others have argued that privacy issues are readily resolved by proper allocation of property rights to control information. Our principal findings challenge both views. We find: (a) privacy can be efficient even when there is no “taste” for privacy per se, and (b) to be effective, a privacy policy may need to ban information transmission or use rather than simply assign individuals control rights to their personally identifiable data.

International diffusion and intellectual property rights: An empirical analysis

Does a stronger intellectual property rights regime lead to the faster diffusion of new products and technology? While there is a presumption that this is the case, our analysis of data on the international release patterns of Hollywood movies suggests a more complex story: although moderate standards of IPR encourage the spread of movies, either very weak or very strong property rights tend to slow the speed with which American movies are released abroad. This empirical finding is robust to a wide variety of specifications. Overall, it appears that while some recognition of IPR may encourage diffusion, very strong IPR may actually retard the speed of diffusion.     

法律环境、审计独立性与投资者保护

独立审计的根本功能是为投资者提供保护,但其投资者保护功能的实现需要相应的法律环境作为保障.本文通过模型分析,将法制因素与会计师的独立性变量引入到投资者保护中,考察法律环境、审计独立性与投资者保护之间的关系.我们的研究结果表明:法律对投资者的保护是第一位的;独立审计对投资者的保护是第二位的,当法治环境较薄弱时,其可以充当法律的替代机制为投资者提供保护.     

国际贸易安全与便利:我国《海关法》面临的新课题

美国"9.11"事件以后,国际贸易安全与便利问题成为国际海关关注的首要问题,《世界海关组织全球贸易安全与便利标准框架》的出台意味着海关法律制度的重大变革。它对中国海关的影响直接体现在海关边境保护、保障供应链安全与便利、口岸一体化管理等职能的转变上。中国海关法应在指导思想、篇章结构和具体法律制度上做相应调整,以适应贸易安全与便利问题的调整。     

饭店文化建设的误区及其解决思路

进入21世纪以来,饭店业的竞争已逐步从产品、技术的竞争转移到人才、文化的竞争。然而,在管理实践中对饭店文化的涵义、饭店文化建设等方面却存在着认识和实践上的误区。饭店业应坚持以人为本,加强员工培训,培养优良的企业精神,创建独具特色的饭店文化;建立共同愿景,进行理念渗透,培养优良的企业精神;建立良好的文化宣传渠道,创建有中国特色的饭店文化。     

Preserving intellectual property rights: Managerial insight into the escalating counterfeit market quandary

The U.S. Customs and Border Protection reports that counterfeit goods seizures were up 83% in 2006. While a plethora of anti-counterfeiting strategies target distribution channels, international organizations, pirates, and company-based initiatives, few reports debate the effectiveness of these distinct anti-counterfeiting tactics to curb the problem. For this study we conducted in-depth interviews with United States managers to gauge the efficacy of various anti-counterfeiting tactics to preserve intellectual property rights. The results indicate that corporate managers find the practice of encouraging distributors to notify the manufacturer about counterfeits, as well as educating both employees and channel members about the counterfeit problem, to be some of the most effective ways to fight pirates. However, the managers report many other tactics are futile, including providing financial incentives for distributors to reject counterfeits and stressing the harmful effects of fake goods in advertising. We recommend a specific program that firms can employ to deter counterfeiting, including managing the registration of all trademarks and patents in key markets, establishing a company-based enforcement team, monitoring the growth of fakes through a central information repository, developing a muti-pronged action plan, and preparing to fight pirates through investigative work in conjunction with local law enforcement.     

Quid pro quo and the enforcement of intellectual property rights protection: A bargaining approach

This article models a North–South negotiation where the North provides a quid pro quo in exchange for the strengthening of the enforcement of intellectual property rights (IPR) protection in the South. We show that when Northern and Southern firms compete on quantity in the Southern market, the South's optimal choice is either complete protection or complete violation, irrespective of different levels of IPR protection being available. We show this to depend on the Southern government's valuation of the quid pro quo and the Northern firm's level of technology.     

Effects of quality and corporate social responsibility on loyalty

The purpose is to investigate the impact of corporate social responsibility perceptions on three aspects of customer loyalty for a new bank service (Travel Card) relative to a recognised major predictor in service quality. Surveys were completed by 204 bank consumers in Australia. Using a series of regression equations, two sets of socially responsible perceptions had significant effects on purchase intention and positive word of mouth. In both cases, new socially responsible information was twice as strong a predictor as service quality. However, for affective commitment, service quality was the dominant predictor. Furthermore, existing perceptions of socially responsible performance had a negative effect on purchase intentions. The study presents the first evidence that new socially responsible perceptions for a service firm can be a more powerful predictor than corporate abilities. The findings further illustrate the differential impacts of socially responsible information on different loyalty conceptualisations.     

奥运会埋伏营销与奥林匹克知识产权保护警示分析

1984年洛杉矶奥运会富士公司耗费巨资成为该届奥运会的全球赞助商,柯达公司则首开奥运会埋伏营销先河。奥运会埋伏营销愈演愈烈的主要原因一是在于奥运的全球赞助＂TOP＂计划昂贵的入门费用,二是奥运会赞助计划运作体系的复杂。目前奥运会埋伏营销形态五花八门,包括直接侵害奥运标志、赞助赛事转播的主要媒体、赞助次类项目、赞助杰出的运动员、发动与赛事相关的广告战、进行与赛事相仿的促销活动、与没有竞争关系的赞助商合作、策划与赛事相仿的活动、利用赞助商尚未想到或无法涵盖的空白点等,世界各国奥林匹克知识产权保护意识也在不断强化,我国也出台了多项奥林匹克知识产权保护的相关规章,奥林匹克知识产权保护对埋伏营销的警示主要表现在：一是我国埋伏营销侵权法律规制还存在缺陷,二是应当建立清晰全面的赛事品牌保护计划,三是建立公众和企业的知识产权意识。     

Banking systems,innovations, intellectual property protections,and financial markets: Evidence from China

One unique feature of the emerging economies in Asia is the rich variation in the development of financial systems and technological sectors across different geographical areas. This unbalanced evolution provides us a potentially more powerful setting to investigate the dynamics among banking systems, innovations, intellectual property (IP) protections, and stock market reactions that are especially useful in understanding the policy–finance–innovation nexus in emerging economies. Using newly available data from China, this study confirms the nurturing role of financial systems on innovations, the value-enhancing function of firms' innovative activities, and the lead–lag predictive role of innovations on stock returns, in the context of emerging economies. More importantly, the study documents that stronger provincial IP protections reduce patent piracy and hence enhance local firms' market values.     

Re-conceptualizing intellectual property regimes in international business research: Foreign-friendliness paradoxes facing MNCs in China

This article seeks to better explain the complex challenges that intellectual property (IP) regimes pose to foreign multinational corporations (MNCs). It draws on in-depth research into the appropriability and entrepreneurial risks as well as transaction costs that China’s IP regime has posed to foreign MNCs to date, and forecasts how these risks and costs may evolve in the future. I find that, contrary to conventional wisdom, IP regimes are not always best conceptualized as either “weak” or “strong”. Instead, I illustrate that complex “foreign-friendliness paradoxes” are possible in IP regimes, show how they evolve, and explain them with a more robust framework than previously available. These findings help re-conceptualize IP regimes in IB research.     

失地农民权益保护的法律研究

农民失地是工业化和城市化的必然产物。由于受制度缺陷等因素的影响,我国失地农民的权益严重失衡．产生了较大的社会危害。只有在改革土地产权制度、建立市场补偿机制、规范征地程序的基础上,通过立法、司法和执法的联动,构建起多层次的法律保护体系,才能切实保障失地农民的合法权益。     

Trade dress: The increasing importance of an ancient yet new form of intellectual property protection

Trade dress is a means of identifying and differentiating the product of a vendor by visual (and very occasionally auditory) cues of a form other than written language. The use of trade dress certainly goes back into pre-Roman times, and was very likely used well before then. Trade dress remains important in societies both highly literate and substantially illiterate, and in some respects has increased in importance in both.     

Volunteering personal information on the internet: Effects of reputation, privacy notices, and rewards on online consumer behavior

Accurate personal information provision is one of the most important determinants of the commercial development of the Web. However, consumers are usually reluctant to provide personal information or tend to provide false information online because of their concern about privacy violation risks. We employ a 2× 2× 2 experimental design to examine the effects of reputation, privacy notices, and rewards on online consumer behavior in volunteering two types of personal information on the Internet: demographic information and personally identifiable information. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of the findings.     

外资并购与我国产业安全:综述及研究展望

20世纪90年代以来,我国外资并购呈现出快速发展的态势。学术界对于外资并购在企业发展、产业安全和经济安全中的作用一直存在很大的争议。目前的大部分研究着眼于宏观层面的分析,而对于产业层面与企业层面的经济安全研究的较少。本文在系统回顾与评述了国内外代表性文献与观点的基础上指出,未来的研究需要从静态研究扩展到动态研究、从定性分析扩展到定量分析、从宏观分析扩展到微观分析。涵盖微观、中观、宏观的多层次研究是今后进一步研究的重点与难点之所在。     

“区域法治建设”的理论与实践——首届哈尔滨松北法治论坛论文综述

当前,我国进行区域法治建设中存在的问题主要是,目前法治国家建立的大环境尚不具备,实现区域法治还缺少一定的条件;区域经济不能推导出区域法治.国家应从建立健全区域经济协调发展的法律法规入手,加强区域经济协调发展的组织机构建设,完善其职能;建立健全检查奖惩长效机制;强化人民代表大会的应有地位和作用,加强国家宏观调控;大力加强社会主义法治文化建设,为开展和完善区域法治建设创造条件.     

试析劳动者合法权益保护存在缺陷及解决方案——以《劳动合同法》的理论上的精确解读为视角

劳动者权益保护的问题既是重要法律问题,也是重要社会问题。当前,现行《劳动合同法》劳动者权益保护存在缺陷,企业裁员对劳动者权益损害严重,过渡条款适用对劳动者产生不利影响。完善《劳动合同法》对劳动者合法权益保护,应重视农民工权益的保护,提高裁员后对劳动者的经济补偿水平,加强对过渡条款适用范围限制,从劳动合同签订的主体入手,加强其法律意识,从根本上解决法律缺陷对劳动者权益带来损害。     

新形势下加强农产品质量安全法制宣传教育工作的对策

为抓好农产品质量安全法制宣传教育工作,针对农产品质量安全现状,通过分析农产品质量安全法制教育的普法对象、普法内容等方面内容,对普法工作提出六点对策。     

中美贸易摩擦背景下美国知识产权调查的触发机制及应对策略

美国知识产权调查是由美国企业向美国国际贸易委员会提出,对可能存在的知识产权侵权行为作出裁决的制度。过去十几年间,中国一直是遭受美国知识产权调查最多的国家,严重影响我国企业的出口和产品国际形象。相对而言,中国企业知识产权储备和应对意识严重不足,应诉态度比较消极,缺乏相应的应诉资源,这也让我国出口企业更容易成为美国知识产权调查的对象。应注重提升我国企业的知识产权意识和发挥政府的保障作用,从源头上降低知识产权调查风险。遭遇调查时,注重对应诉资金的筹集与使用、合理选择应诉团队、科学选择抗辩理由,提高胜率。同时积极运用调解、诉讼内并购、反诉等手段,尽可能取得好的结果,减少损失。