地位不一致视角下的私营企业主社会地位探析

改革开放以来,私营企业主作为一个新兴的阶层对整个中国的社会结构产生了深刻的影响。由于诸多原因。该阶层内部成员的社会地位普遍存在着地位不一致,文章就私营企业主阶层地位不一致的表现、社会影响及其原因作初步探讨。     

关于私营经济的几点认识

对待民族资产阶级（私营企业主阶层）的政策正确与否，是区分正确路线和错误路线的分界线，我国经济体制改革的关键问题是如何对待私营经济问题，我国私营企业主阶层肩负着的历史使命也是全体中国人民的历史使命。私营企业主具有两重性，要正确地评价私营企业主阶层的剥削。我国的私营经济具有不同于过去的民族资本主义经济和发达国家的资本主义经济的特点，应该为新资产阶级正名，要提防买卖党员称号的现象出现，私营企业家应评选建设模范，不应评选劳动模范。     

私营企业主阶层内部政治参与差异研究——基于南京市的实证分析

文章用南京市的实证数据分析了私营企业主阶层内部不同群体政治参与的差异，提出了扩大私营企业主政治参与的三个方面的思考。     

温州私营企业主现状及分析

温州经济是以私营经济为主 ,私营企业主对整个私营企业的发展具有决定性的影响。本文通过对 2 76位温州私企业主的访谈调查 ,对温州私企业主的年龄、性别、受教育程度、私营企业的规模、创立时间、原始积累、企业制度、管理人员与私企业主的关系、私企发展态势等多个问题的现     

谈私营企业主阶层地位的变迁及影响

私营企业主阶层地位及其地位相关关系的变迁受制于经济、制度诸因素的影响,其发展与地位变迁是一个与整个社会经济、制度环境互动的过程,同时也是这种互动的结果。本文主要对私营企业主阶层变迁的阶段进行了分析,并在此基础上分析私营企业的发展对于构建社会主义和谐社会的影响。     

如何看待现阶段私营企业主的收入

私营企业主已成为我国现阶段高收入阶层的组成部分,他们的收入由劳动收入和非劳动收入两部分构成.私营企业主的高收入符合市场经济的效率原则,也符合"先富与后富"的经济发展原则.     

论私营企业主阶层和谐政治参与

改革开放以来逐步形成的私营企业主阶层作为一个迅速崛起的社会阶层,已经广泛地参与到政治生活领域中,表达他们的政治要求,通过自己的活动影响并推动政治系统过程,在多元利益格局形成的今天,分析私营企业主阶层的政治参与,研究该阶层和谐政治参与的制度创新,是和谐社会进程中需要认真加以解决的重大课题,同时也具有迫切的现实意义.     

略论私营企业主阶层入党的可行性

改革开放以来，中国的私营企业主群体逐渐发展为中国社会结构中具有相对独立的社会经济地位和政治要求的阶层。一方面他们为我国现阶段的现代化建设做出了巨大的贡献；另一方面他们参与政治的热情和愿望日益高涨。因此，吸收私营企业主阶层当中的先进分子入党，不仅有利于整合整个社会利益，搭建私营企业阶层表达政治利益的平台，而且有利于扩大我党的群众基础，对于巩固我党的执政地位具有重大意义。     

私企参政

随着经济基础的增强和阶层队伍的扩大，私营企业主必然提出相应的政治要求，进行各种方式的政治参与，以表达自己的阶层意识和愿望，要求，维护自己阶层的利益。     

公共选择视域中的私营企业主政治参与

产生于20世纪40年代的公共选择理论经过几十年的发展演变至今已经被运用到许多领域，为分析政治、经济现象提供了方法论基础。文章拟从越来越壮大的私营企业主阶层入手，分析其政治参与的现状以及存在的问题，最后和公共选择理论相结合，它为私营企业主的政治参与提供经济学的分析方法，一方面从“经济人”角度对政治行为主体进行理性分析，另一方面，公共选择理论的“效用”思考促进政策制定的有效性，为私营企业主的政治参与提供方法论基础，并且更好地发挥政治参与的作用。     

On the Major Transformation of the Asia-Pacific Regional Structure北大核心CSSCISSCI

Recent years have witnessedsignificant changes in the Asia-Pacific regionalstructure featuring the shift in power balance among related countries as well as adjust-ments in their respective regional strategies. So what is the prevailing trend in thistransformation and what kind of regional order will likely emerge in the future？ To an-swer these questions, the paper tries to explore the following dimensions： the evolvingregional context, shift in power balance and power conversion, geo-political and geo-e-conomic developments and interactions between them, and evolving regional order. Asthe study shows, the broadening of regional geographical scope, the rise in the numberof actors involved, as well as changesin the relations among them, have combined tocast a pluralistic and complex flavor to the regional structure. While the power balanceamong China, the United States and Japan shifts, and power conversion is also occur-ring. China and Japan are paying increasing attention to their security roles, whereasthe United States under the Obama administration laid more stress on expanding itsgeo-economic clout. In spite of the intensifying geopolitical competition among China,the United States and Japan in recent years, a Sino-US strategic compromise-whichholds the key to regional geopolitics-isother front, some kind of geo-economicmore likely to take place in the future. On thecooperation will probably emerge. In the longerterm, it will be the geo-economic trend thatwill prevail over the geopolitical trend inthe region. Finally, the future evolution of regional order wiI1 mainly follow the eco-nomic logic, accompanied by the dilutionof its hegemonic and hierarchical nature.Hence, a pluralistic and complex regional community will emerge.     

The German Hanse and Bergen – new perspectives on an old subject

Abstract

The Hanseatic League and her kontors (trading posts) were an integral part of the medieval trade system in Northern Europe. Hanse merchants dominated many markets in this region and managed to maintain a monopoly-like role in towns like Novgorod and Bergen for many centuries. Consequently, one focus of historical research about the Hanseatic League lay on the mechanisms that enabled the Hanse merchants to keep that strong of a position for such a long time.

This article is part of the discussion about this topic. Based on Lübeck merchants with business interest in the Norwegian town of Bergen, the so-called Bergenfahrers (Bergen travellers), it will give new insights into the Hansards' economical and social organization. The three main points are (a) the integration of the Bergen market in the Hanseatic trade network as an intermediary trading place on the vivid East–West route of Hanse trade; (b) the importance of the Bergenfahrers within the Hanse merchants' economical, social and political networks; and (c) the structure of the Bergenfahrers network patterns in the late Middle Ages.

In addition to new insights into the important role of Bergen and the Bergenfahrers within Lübeck's and the other Wendish Hanse towns' trading system, this articles provides further proof for the usefulness of the methods of Social Network Analysis in medieval economic research.     

Organization and incentives in the age of sail

The British Navy in the age of sail was the most successful bureaucracy of its time. Its organization and incentive structures differed importantly from contemporaneous private sailing ventures, but closely resembled those of today’s large corporations. To induce efficient effort, the navy used a hierarchical tournament, in which sailors competed for higher pay that came with promotions based on relative performance. Promotion probabilities, the option value of future promotions, and the higher effort required of men in higher ranks and on larger vessels, combined to yield a highly skewed pay structure.     

Financial Reporting and Trade Credit: Evidence from Mandatory IFRS Adoption*

We investigate the effect of mandatory IFRS adoption on trade credit. We document that firms in countries that adopt IFRS receive more trade credit from their suppliers, consistent with improved financial reporting quality and comparability playing a role in facilitating informal financing. This increase is larger for countries with a low level of societal trust, a poor pre‐IFRS‐adoption information environment, and stronger legal enforcement. These cross‐sectional results suggest that the conditions under which higher‐quality information is made publicly available affect suppliers' decisions to provide trade credit. This increase is also larger for firms with greater exposure to foreign markets, a finding that highlights the importance of more comparable international financial reporting standards in facilitating cross‐country trade credit. We also find that IFRS adoption has a stronger positive effect on trade credit for firms with greater liquidity needs. Finally, we find that firms in countries that adopt IFRS also extend more trade credit to their customers. Overall, our results support the notion that financial reporting can have a causal effect on trade credit.     

区域工业产业竞争力指标体系的构建及其评价方法研究

文章通过建立省级区域工业产业竞争力评价指标体系,设计竞争力模型,利用SPSS统计软件,对各省工业产业竞争力进行了评价测定。     

中俄经济技术合作面临新机遇

中俄在十年内把各自的GDP翻一番的目标,为发展中俄经济技术合作提供了机遇.仅仅依靠商品贸易的增长很难大幅度提升中俄经贸关系,需要全面开展经济技术合作,特别是加强在自然资源开发、跨国投资、军工技术和产品贸易领域的合作.     

INFRASTRUCTURE POLICY IN INDONESIA, 1965–2015: A SURVEY

This survey, first, provides an overview of the main developments in the infrastructure sector in Indonesia during the past five decades and, second, considers what the main policy and management bottlenecks in infrastructure appear to be. The overview of main developments indicates that, in broad terms, most parts of the sector have expanded considerably but that the needs remain acute for further expansion and for attention to the maintenance of existing facilities. Demand for infrastructure is high, especially since the regulated prices set for infrastructure services are often low. Access is often difficult, however, because of shortages of infrastructure, and quality is often unsatisfactory because of poor maintenance and indifferent management. These problems of access are exacerbated by the regulation of prices. This overview also points to the markedly different performances of industries in which pro-competitive policies have been applied and those in which more traditional policies of close regulation have restricted the operation of markets.