浅谈钢结构厂房设计

近年来，随着国家建设速度的加快，钢结构以其施工速度快、抗震性能好、整体刚度高和承载力强的特点．很多厂房在建设过程中都采用钢结构来替代传统的混凝土结构周而以钢结构为主的厂房也越来越多本文主要对钢结构厂房设计中的要点进行了讨论。     

博物馆衔接空间的设计研究

博物馆是集征集、典藏、陈列和研究代表自然和人类文化遗产的实物为一体的场所,并对那些具有科学性、历史性或者艺术价值的物品进行分类,其也是为公众提供知识、教育和欣赏的文化教育的公共建筑类型之一,具有重要的社会价值和意义.近年来,由于大众的文化生活水平的飞速提升,不同类型及规模的博物馆在各地应运而生.目前,国内外对于博物馆衔接空间的设计思考大多只占研究的一小部分,针对展示空间内部衔接空间的主题设计研究偏少.文章通过实地调研考察江西省南昌市内的多数博物馆后,选取其中两所知名博物馆进行深入调查与分析,并提出相关建议与设计策略.以期为博物馆衔接空间的设计研究提供一定的借鉴.     

UNDERSTANDING THE DESIGN OF CONVERTIBLE DEBT

There are now two dominant theories of convertible debt held by academic economists. One theory which has been called the "risk-shifting" hypothesis–effectively views convertibles as an alternative to straight debt. The second–known as the "sig-nalling" (or "backdoor-equity") theory-treats convertibles as an alternative to ordinary equity. This article attempts to unify (or at least to illustrate the relationship between) these two theories by focusing on the design of the securities.
In structuring a convertible, managers and their investment bankers must make a variety of decisions. Besides the coupon rate, face value, issue size, and maturity, managers must also decide the conversion ratio (the number of shares promised per bond) and the amount of call protection afforded investors. Several of these design features have the effect of making a convertible more like a straight debt or a straight equity issue. The hypothesis underlying the authors' recent research is that the issuers of debt-like convertibles are attempting to address a somewhat different financing challenge than the issuers of convertibles that behave more like equity. Their findings suggest that the primary aim of "debt-like" convertible issues is to address investors' uncertainty and concerns about risk, whereas the main goal of "equity-like" convertibles is to minimize the "information costs" associated with raising new equity.     

THE DESIGN OF MULTI-YEAR STOCK OPTION PLANS

Despite the explosion in the corporate use of stock options, the incentives created by stock options are not well understood by either the boards who grant them or the executives who are meant to be motivated by them. A major source of confusion stems from the corporate practice of using multi-year stock option plans. Such multi-year grants create subtle, potentially important links between current performance and future grants that can significantly dilute incentives for better performance.
For example, so-called "fixed value" plans provide very weak, even perverse, incentives ex ante since the value of future option grants is completely insulated from current performance. Under such plans, an executive's reward for superior performance is to receive fewer options, and to receive more options for substandard performance. In contrast, the fixed number plan creates an intrinsic link between changes in this year's stock price and changes in the value of future option grants.
The author also reports the findings of new empirical research that shows that stock option plans, taken as a whole, have a pay-to-performance correlation that is eight times stronger than that of salary and bonus. But, consistent with the analysis above, fixed value option plans have pay-to-performance that is only six times that of salary and bonus, as compared to ten times for fixed number plans.     

优化小企业信贷产品设计

商业银行的信贷产品应该更好地体现产业政策导向、体现社会责任,凡有利于民生、有利于经济健康发展的规则均是小企业信贷产品创新中应该尊重的规则。     

THE DESIGN AND DIFFUSION OF IMPROVED COOKING STOVES

The poorer half of the world's people have long relied for theirenergy needs on woodfuels. Since the oil shocks of the 1970s,pressure on forest resources has increased and the costs oftraditional use of woodfuels have been growing—to thehouseholder, in cash or collection time, and to society in inefficientenergy use, deforestation, and local and global harm to healthand the environment. Modern, efficient stoves can alleviatesome of these problems; programs to design and disseminate themwould seem a worthwhile pursuit for development activity. But do such programs in fact warrant the investment? Why haveso many failed to catch on as expected? The authors find thatprograms have been most successful when targeted to specificareas where woodfuel prices or collection times are high. Fieldtesting, consumer surveys, and involvement of local artisansfrom the outset have been critical to the ultimate adoptionof the stoves. With these elements in place, external supportfrom governments and donors can be useful; lacking them, subsidiesmay succeed only in distributing stoves that ultimately molderaway unused. This article's review of what makes for successand failure is instructive for the design of stove programsin particular, and of development projects that propagate improvedmethods and technologies in general.      

影像人类学视阈下桂北民俗博物馆的网页设计研究

网页设计以互联网为依托,给参观者带来全新的信息获取方式.文章利用影像人类学客观真实地记录,并明确桂北民俗博物馆网页设计的定位,建立信息架构,进行界面设计,以满足用户的需求和体验.希望通过文章的研究,可以借助互联网时代的优势,强化受众的交互体验,拓宽桂北民俗博物馆的传播方式,并丰富其展示方式.