企业的经营决策影响应计吗?——基于企业生命周期的研究

企业是一个不断演进的实体,而演进的路径和速度决定于内部因素和外部因素,尤其是企业的经营决策,在不同的阶段有明显的差别。现有研究忽略了企业经营决策对于应计行为的重要影响,本文的结果表明,经营决策的变化和经营的结果直接决定了应计的演进,企业生命周期对于应计的决定具有重要作用。与此同时,在中国的上市公司中,处于不同生命周期的企业,其财务和会计特征都呈现出系统的、有规律的变化。本文的研究结果也表明基于现金流组合特征的生命周期代理变量,能够合理区分中国上市公司所处的不同发展阶段,具有简洁、实用、适合于大样本研究的特点。     

我国上市公司现金股利分配实证研究——基于企业生命周期理论

本文以2003-2010年深市A股上市公司为样本,用留存收益权益比RE/TE作为企业生命周期的特征变量,并通过Logit模型检验了RE/TE与其他控制变量对上市公司分配现金股利倾向的影响。实证结果表明,我国上市公司是否支付现金股利的行为符合生命周期理论。本文最后建议证监会可要求企业采用与生命周期相挂钩的现金分红政策,并加强上市公司股利分配的信息披露。     

现金股利政策与企业生命周期——基于中国上市公司的实证研究

以中国2006～2010年A股上市公司为样本,基于企业生命周期考量公司现金股利政策与企业生命周期之间的关系。结果表明:中国上市公司生命周期不同阶段现金股利政策具有显著的差异,公司盈利能力是形成企业不同生命周期阶段现金股利政策差异的显著原因。企业不同生命周期公司治理结构差别不大,在不同生命周期阶段对企业现金股利政策的影响在不同生命周期阶段也大同小异。     

会计信息透明度提高了企业风险承担吗?——基于企业生命周期视角的经验证据

以2008—2018年A股上市公司为样本,基于企业生命周期理论,运用普通最小二乘法(OLS)实证检验会计信息透明度对企业风险承担的影响.结果表明:会计信息透明度显著提升了企业风险承担水平.进一步分析发现,对处于成长期和成熟期的企业,会计信息透明度对企业风险承担具有显著的正面影响,且前者提升效应大于后者;对处于衰退期的企业,会计信息透明度对企业风险承担具有一定的负面影响作用.     

中国资本市场应计异象问题研究——基于上市公司成长性的全新视角北大核心CSSCISSCI

本文以我国1999年-2005年的上市公司为研究对象,从企业成长性的角度对应计异象进行阐释。研究发现应计利润与企业的成长性正相关,与未来股票收益负相关,应计利润与企业成长性的正相关程度越强,应计异象越明显。这反映了企业成长性是引起应计异象的一个重要因素。     

不同生命周期阶段企业资本结构影响因素的实证研究——基于中国医药行业上市公司

本文根据企业生命周期理论,将2007-2010年中国医药行业上市公司划分为生长型公司、成熟型公司、衰退型公司.根据CCER数据库提供的中国医药行业上市公司相关财务季度数据,建立Panel Data模型对处于不同生命周期阶段中国医药行业上市公司资本结构的影响因素进行实证研究.根据现有研究成果,不同行业处于生命周期不同阶段的企业资本结构影响因素的作用不尽相同.现有文献大多是综合研究,对单一行业的研究不够深入.本文将研究中国医药行业上市公司,期望产生更具应用价值的研究结果,对医药行业上市公司经营、投资产生指导作用.     

基于生命周期理论的企业社会责任四面体模型构建

企业社会责任的界定对企业的发展、战略选择等起着至关重要的作用。本文构建了基于生命周期理论的企业社会责任四面体模型,提出了在企业的整个生命周期中企业社会责任的动态理论,为企业社会责任的理论发展提供了指导性的建议。     

基于企业生命周期理论的上市公司现金股利研究

本文选取我国沪市2009-2011年的上市公司作为样本,根据企业经营活动、投资活动和筹资活动现金流量组合特征划分企业生命周期阶段,对现金股利支付意愿和水平进行实证研究。研究结果表明,我国上市公司的现金股利支付具有显著的生命周期特征,从萌芽期、成长期到成熟期,现金股利支付倾向显著上升;从成熟期到衰退期,现金股利支付倾向显著下降。现金股利支付水平同样遵循了这一规律。这说明企业生命周期理论很好地解释了我国上市公司现金股利支付现象,我国上市公司现金股利政策呈现出更加理性和科学的特点。     

基于生命周期理论的现金股利分配实证研究

企业生命周期理论是现金股利分配的重要解释依据。结合生命周期理论,根据上市公司A股市场2008—2012年间的数据,运用多元回归、Logit回归考量了企业生命周期与现金股利之间的关系。研究发现,上市公司现金股利政策呈现明显的生命周期特征;成熟度越高的公司分配现金股利的倾向越高,且与现金股利分配水平呈正相关关系;公司成长性,与现金股利分配水平及分配意愿呈负相关关系,暗含了生命周期的特征。根据研究结论,建议证监会分行业提高上市公司的现金股利分配水平。     

价值评估中的风险报酬率：企业生命周期视角——来自上市公司面板数据的实证检验

一 引言 折现率是净现值法（NPV）的基本参数之一,资本资产定价模型、套利定价模型框架下,风险报酬率是折现率的核心构成部分,它应根据未来风险水平进行调整。然而由于预期风险的不确定性,应用中折现率采用恒定值,     

公司治理对财务控制的影响——来自我国制造业上市公司的证据

本文以代理理论为指导,运用我国制造业上市公司调查数据和公开数据,考察了公司治理对财务控制的影响。实证研究发现,第一大股东持股比例、独立董事制度、董事会活跃程度等因素对财务控制效果有显著影响。改善财务控制需要从公司治理方面入手,包括建立健全约束大股东行为的相关机制,提高董事会独立性作为制衡大股东的重要措施,运用组合治理机制,实现对财务控制的再控制;多元化经营的公司要重视企业集团的内部治理,重视财务控制系统的更新与变革。     

Does media governance restrict corporate overinvestment behavior? Evidence from Chinese listed firms

Using China’s A-share listed firms from 2007 to 2011, this paper empirically tests how media governance affects firms’ levels of overinvestment and whether exte...     

Macroeconomic control, political costs and earnings management: Evidence from Chinese listed real estate companies

Firms in China have faced high political costs during China’s economic transition, because they are affected by macroeconomic policies. However, research to date has offered no consistent conclusions on the relationship between political costs and earnings management in China. This study tests whether real estate firms attempt to decrease earnings during periods of macroeconomic control, using variables related to the national real estate market as proxies for political costs. We find that political costs are negatively related to earnings management in listed real estate firms. In addition, we find that non-state-owned enterprises utilized more income-decreasing accruals during this period. Our results are consistent with the political costs hypothesis.     

Propping by controlling shareholders,wealth transfer and firm performance: Evidence from Chinese listed companies

Propping acts by controlling shareholders are common in Chinese listed firms. In this paper, we use data on related-party transactions of all listed Chinese firms from 2002 to 2008 to investigate the motivation behind controlling shareholders’ propping acts and subsequent wealth-transfer behavior and how both affect firm performance. We find that such institutional motivators as the maintenance of shell resources and qualification for refinancing have a significant effect on the propping behavior of controlling shareholders of Chinese listed firms and that such behavior is often followed by more serious tunneling when shareholders are driven by these motivators. Compared with non-state-owned firms, state-owned firms with the motivation to qualify for refinancing exhibit more severe tunneling after engaging in propping behavior. We also find that while propping by controlling shareholders improves a firm’s current operating performance, in firms whose controlling shareholders’ are motivated by the desire to maintain shell resources or obtain a refinancing qualification their performance declines in the following year because of subsequent tunneling. The results presented in this paper provide us with a better understanding of the relationship between propping and tunneling, controlling shareholders’ engagement in both and the consequences of that behavior.     

Managerial power, compensation gap and firm performance — Evidence from Chinese public listed companies

We study the relationship between compensation gap and firm performance in the Chinese market. Extant studies have shown that, for the publicly traded companies in China, compensation gap between senior executives plays a tournament role and motivates managers to achieve higher level of performance. Ordinary least squares (OLS) regression results confirm the above result. However, simultaneous regression results indicate that the tournament effect is more significant in firms with high managerial powers. Our finding suggests that previous findings using OLS might be incomplete. We also show that firms with better performance and greater managerial power tend to have greater compensation gap. Meanwhile, the relationship between managerial power and firm performance is, on average, negative.     

公司特征与公司社会责任信息披露——来自我国上市公司的经验证据

本文在自愿性信息披露的研究框架下,结合公司社会责任理论,对我国上市公司的公司特征与公司社会责任信息披露之间关系进行了实证分析。文章选取了1999年到2004年在上海和深圳证券交易所上市交易的石化塑胶行业的A股公司作为研究样本,通过对年报进行内容分析,构建了公司社会责任信息披露指数。实证检验发现:(1)规模越大、盈利能力越好的公司越倾向于披露公司社会责任信息;(2)公司财务杠杆和再融资需求不影响公司社会责任信息披露;(3)包括上市地点和披露期间在内的披露环境对公司社会责任信息披露有显著影响。文章还对公司社会责任信息的提供者、使用者和监管者提出了建议。     

Does IT investment improve bank performance? Evidence from Europe

This paper investigates whether investment in information technology (IT) – hardware, software and other IT services – influences the performance of banks. Using a sample of 737 European banks over the period 1995–2000 we analyse whether IT investment is reflected in improved performance (measured using both standard accounting ratios and cost and alternative profit efficiency measures). Despite banks being major investors in IT we find little relationship between total IT investment and improved bank profitability or efficiency indicating the existence of a profitability paradox. However, the impact of different types of IT investment (hardware, software and services) on banks’ performance is heterogeneous. Investment in IT services from external providers (consulting services, implementation services, training and education, support services) appears to have a positive influence on accounting profits and profit efficiency, while the acquisition of hardware and software seems to reduce banks’ performance.     

Capitalization of R&D costs and earnings management: Evidence from Italian listed companies

The capitalization of research and development (R&D) costs is a controversial accounting issue because of the contention that such capitalization is motivated by incentives to manipulate earnings. Based on a sample of Italian listed companies, this study examines whether companies' decisions to capitalize R&D costs are affected by earnings-management motivations. Italy provides a natural context for testing our hypothesized relationships because Italian GAAP allows for the capitalization of R&D costs. Using a Tobit regression model to test our hypotheses, we show that companies tend to use cost capitalization for earnings-smoothing purposes. The hypothesis that firms capitalize R&D costs to reduce the risk of violating debt covenants is not supported.     

Does Hedging Affect Firm Value? Evidence from the US Airline Industry

Does hedging add value to the firm, and if so, is the source of the added value consistent with hedging theory? We investigate jet fuel hedging behavior of firms in the US airline industry during 1992–2003 to examine whether such hedging is a source of value for these companies. We illustrate that the investment and financing climate in the airline industry conforms well to the theoretical framework of Froot, Scharfstein, and Stein (1993). In general, airline industry investment opportunities correlate positively with jet fuel costs, while higher fuel costs are consistent with lower cash flow. Given that jet fuel costs are hedgeable, airlines with a desire for expansion may find value in hedging future purchases of jet fuel. Our results show that jet fuel hedging is positively related to airline firm value. The coefficients on the hedging variables in our regression analysis suggest that the “hedging premium” is greater than the 5% documented in Allayannis and Weston (2001), and might be as large as 10%. We find that the positive relation between hedging and value increases in capital investment, and that most of the hedging premium is attributable to the interaction of hedging with investment. This result is consistent with the assertion that the principal benefit of jet fuel hedging by airlines comes from reduction of underinvestment costs.     

Corporate governance,earnings management,and IFRS: Empirical evidence from Chinese domestically listed companies

This research used 1,329 Chinese publicly listed companies’ data from 1998 to 2009 to investigate how IFRS, state ownership, and board of directors (BOD) influence earnings management. We conclude that state-ownership to an extent discourages earnings management in the current environment of China. However, IFRS implementation does not seem to deter earnings management. When state-ownership is not the case, increasing the number of independent BOD seems to be a good practice to discourage earnings management, although non-independent BOD does not make any difference.