Interior Optimal Chaos with Arbitrarily Low Discount Rates

In this study, we demonstrate, for an arbitrarily small discount rate, the existence of a topologically chaotic policy function that lies in the interior of the technology set in a two-sector model with smooth production and utility functions. For this purpose, we adopt CES production functions and a utility function with a constant elasticity of intertemporal substitution. The two-sector model with those functions always has a policy function lying in the interior of the technology set (interior policy function). The existence of a scramble set of a policy function may be proved even in the case in which the discount rate is arbitrarily small.
JEL Classification Number: 041.     

需求曲线:武断的假设

教科书的需求曲线是两条,而不是一条。其中一条一定向下倾斜。曲线向下倾斜。关键在于其它因素不变。其它因素系指价格以外可以影响需求量,但又不改变物品和服务性质的一切因素。其它因素是不包括品质的,但品质也是不能变动的。另一条则是沿前一条曲线的移动和前一条曲线本身的移动合成的结果。这条需求曲线,既可以向下倾斜,又可以上倾斜,甚至可以呈任何形状。两条需求曲线虽然不相同,但是并不矛盾,而是统一的。     

高新技术企业知识产权管理刍议

本文通过对知识产权在高新技术企业中的地位与管理现状的分析,提出加强高新技术企业知识产权管理的几点建议。     

Rank, separability, and conditional demands

Rank R demand systems that are either conditioned on some good (such as durables) or are separable from that good, are shown to be identical to unconditional demand systems having rank R or R + 1. More generally, the rank of a conditional demand system or a separable subsystem is a lower bound on the rank of the corresponding demand system over all goods. This relationship is applied to reinterpret some existing empirical results regarding rank, conditioning goods, and separability.
Rang, séparabilité et demandes conditionnelles. On montre que des systèmes de demande de rang R qui sont conditionnés par rapport à un bien (des biens durables par exemple) ou sont séparables de ce bien sont identiques aux systèmes de demande inconditionnels de rang R ou R + 1. Plus généralement, le rang d'un système de demande conditionnel ou d'un sous-système séparable est une limite inférieure au rang du système de demande correspondant pour tous les biens. Cette relation est utilisée pour ré-interpréter quelques résultats empiriques pour ce qui est du rang, des biens conditionnants et la séparabilité.     

高新技术产品知识营销的逆向选择刍议

知识营销是近年学术界讨论的重要课题之一,为高新技术产品的营销注入了新的内容。本文粗浅研究了高新技术产品知识营销的逆向选择问题,重点探讨了逆向选择的表现及弱化逆向选择带来的资源配置不合理性的对策。     

高新技术企业内隐性知识分享影响研究

隐性知识分享是高新技术企业知识创造的起点和关键,只有隐性知识为高新技术企业员工所分享,才能创造和维持高新技术企业的竞争优势.本文从社会网络的视角,探讨对高新技术企业内部隐性知识分享产生影响的五种社会关系网络,构建模型并选择某通信公司客户服务中心某一部门进行调研访谈以获取相关数据,利用Ucinet软件进行回归分析以确定影响程度.研究结果表明这五种社会关系网络均对隐性知识分享存在显著正影响,其中情感网络的影响最大,其次为信任网络、工具性网络、认知网络,影响最小的是工作流网络.     

Knowledge problems associated with creating export zones

Although export processing zones (EPZ) have been a part of India’s development strategy since the 1960s, they have not been as successful at promoting exports and job creation as might have been hoped. Most explanations of their shortcomings focus on the poor infrastructure and bureaucratic inefficiencies that typically plague these zones. By focusing on the knowledge problems that government administrators must overcome if they are to design and manage successful EPZs, and highlighting their inevitable difficulties in overcoming these knowledge problems, this paper offers a more fundamental and compelling explanation of the poor performance of Indian EPZs than is traditionally advanced.     

Probability Logic for Type Spaces

Using a formal propositional language with operators “individual i assigns probability at least α” for countably many α, we devise an axiom system which is sound and complete with respect to the class of type spaces in the sense of Harsanyi (1967–1968, Management Science, 14 159–182). A crucial inference rule requires that degrees of belief be compatible for any two sets of assertions which are equivalent in a suitably defined natural sense. The completeness proof relies on a theorem of the alternative from convex analysis, and uses the method of filtration by finite sub-languages. Journal of Economic Literature Classification Numbers: D80, D82.     

Rank tests for price convergence in Australian beverage markets

This article examines the price convergence of beverage products within Australia in order to assess the efficacy of intranational cross-border movements of products under the Australia’s Mutual Recognition Agreement. Since the cointegrating relationship between product prices may not be exact or linear, we adopt the rank tests for analysis which do not require prior knowledge and specification of the linear or nonlinear functional form. Our results validate the price convergence of all beverage products within Australia, with the exception of a few regions in the milk market. Furthermore, a subset of the cointegration relationships exhibits nonlinear long-run price co-movements.     

Aligning Knowledge Strategy and Knowledge Capabilities

This paper outlines a framework that links knowledge strategy and knowledge capabilities in a similar way as prior studies for the more generic concepts of strategy and capabilities. Existing theory in knowledge strategy is fragmented and focused on competitive positioning. We utilize concepts of good strategic management and the theory of the firm to place knowledge strategy on a more theoretically sound basis. This expands knowledge strategy beyond competitive positioning to include internal organization and the boundaries of the firm. This expanded view of knowledge strategy is compared to a conceptualization of knowledge capabilities that focuses on different capabilities for internal, collaborative and competitive situations. Using this perspective highlights the interconnection between knowledge capabilities and knowledge strategy—they are often jointly determined. It also provides a basis for integrating competence- and knowledge-based views of the firm in an empirically testable model. Suggestions for further research are proposed.     

"传染病模型"在隐性知识传播中的应用

隐性知识是形成企业核心竞争力的基础和源泉,隐性知识传播机制的准确把握是对隐性知识进行有效管理的关键。在比较隐性知识传播过程及传染病传播过程的基础上,阐述了用"传染病模型"研究隐性知识传播机制的可行性,建立了员工隐性知识传播的"传染病模型",并模拟了华安公司隐性知识的传播过程,提出了提高该公司隐性知识传播效率的措施。     

知识溢出下增长收敛的复杂性

在知识经济条件下,贸易自由化能否对一个国家的产出水平产生影响,能否为国际经济带来收敛,这是一个重要问题。文章通过假设国家之间构成一个知识网络,贸易中存在非线性的知识溢出,模拟了单边或多边关税下调对一个国际经济增长的收敛行为。研究结果表明,进入WTO体系后关税下调并不总意味着收敛的出现,收敛性依各经济体的初始状态和学习能力的大小而出现复杂行为,在知识网络体系单元取向上,网络的溢出参数——学习能力是决定性因素。多区域系统一旦出现收敛,则不会以牺牲富国利益为代价,即收敛是以低水平稳态向高水平稳态转移的形式出现的。     

Effect of Graduate-Program Rank on Success in the Job Market

Economic educators often profess the goal of teaching our students to “think like economists.” Since Siegfried and colleagues (1991) coined this phrase, its meaning has been interpreted as a focus on analytical concepts and methods of economics as opposed to the broader goal of preparing students for independent, critical thought in the complex world beyond college. Colander and McGoldrick (2009b) argued that students are more likely to achieve both of these objectives when the learning process includes open-ended questions that encourage them to move beyond algorithmic application of textbook principles. In this article, the authors operationalize this “big think” approach through an instructional module on differential tuition pricing, the development of which was enhanced by careful attention to contemporary learning theory.     

基于Copula函数的秩相关和尾相关研究

变量间的相关结构是考察变量联合分布特征的首要任务。最经典的是线性相关系数,然而由于线性相关系数是建立在正态分布假设基础上的,存在着很多的局限性,所以,引入了用Copula函数表示的秩相关和尾相关测度。用Copula函数表示的秩相关和尾相关测度比较稳健,不易受极端值影响,且不需要正态分布假设。最后通过模拟得到了上市公司t-Cop-ula的秩相关和尾相关测度。     

知识交易、创新和知识产业

知识是公共品的传统理论需要重新审视,知识交易具有可能性与可行性。知识交易激励知识生产和加速知识应用,引致创新繁荣。知识交易达到显著规模意味着知识产业的出现,知识交易是知识产业的基本活动。政府对知识产业的扶植需要考虑知识产业的特殊性,需要发展对知识市场的管制能力。     

论农村经人队伍建设问题

农村经纪人对加强农户与市场的联系，促进农产品销售，推进经济结构调整，优化农村人口就业，实现农业产业化都有重要的现实意义。但是，目前还存在着过分追求利润、垄断市场、缺乏诚信等问题，政府应该加强对其整顿、指导和培育。作为农村市场经营的主体，经纪人应具备一定的经济专业知识、应用现代高科技获取市场信息的能力和诚信的经营理念等基本素质。     

知识联盟中的知识创新过程研究——对SECT模型的再认识

SECT模型只是对知识创新过程中的知识客体演变运动的轨迹进行刻画,而没有深入分析完成从知识转移到知识创新这一过程的主体——组织和个人进行知识创新的实际过程,同时,“场”理论中过于强调隐性只是与显性知识的区别,而没有看到两者之间的联系,将知识创新过程分割地对应于不同阶段。基于不同等级和等级对知识划分,结合单环学习、双环学习与再学习的知识创新的一般过程,对SECT模型和“场”理论进行了修正,说明知识创新需经历SECT模型的不同阶段和相应“场”情景支持,但每阶段都会产生隐性知识和显性知识。     

Optimal Contracting with Private Knowledge of Wealth and Ability

We examine the optimal design of contracts when an agent is privately informed about his wealth, his ability, and his effort supply. We find that the agent's wealth and ability act as perfect complements in determining the power of the incentive scheme under which he operates. Only if his ability and his wealth both increase can an agent be assured of operating under a more powerful scheme. Consequently, severe under-utilization of wealth and ability arise in equilibrium.     

Knowledge Games

The subject of epistemic logic is firmly entrenched in game theory, including the analysis of common knowledge and of public announcements, such as in 'hat problems'. How to analyse communications to sub groups of the public, and the effects of such common knowledge of a subgroup on the information state of a larger group, has only recently come into fruition. Knowledge games are introduced to provide a comfortably concrete vehicle for the study of such interactions. This paper introduces the concepts of knowledge game, deal of cards, knowledge game state, game action, and action execution. A deal of cards is a function from cards to players. A knowledge game state is represented by a pointed multiagent S5 model on the set of card deals where all players hold the same number of cards as in the actual deal. A game action combines a question with an answer, and is represented by a pointed multiagent S5 frame on the set of possible answers. The execution of a game action in a knowledge game state corresponds to the computation of a pointed multiagent S5 model that is a restriction of the direct product of the corresponding action frame and game model.