FDI in China Soared in First Five Months

Foreign direct investment(FDI)in China soared by 48.15 percent year-on-year to 23.271 billion US dollars in the first fivemonths this year,according to the latest statistics from the Ministry of Commerce(MOC).     

Wealth transfer in management buyout： Cases in China

This paper studies the dividend effect of Management Buyout （MBO） companies in China. Because of the dual-ownership of MBO companies, it is expected that there will be wealth transfer through dividend payout after MBO. The abnormal rate of return is employed to confirm that the high dividend level will generate negative effect on stock price. Furthermore, the dividend per earning is applied to verify that some MBO companies increase the dividend level after MBO transaction to transfer wealth from public shareholders to the private shareholders.     

Changes in food consumption in Iceland, 1770–1940

Abstract

The history of food consumption in Iceland differs in many fundamental ways from that in the rest of Europe. The prominence of domestically produced dairy products, fish, meat and suet, and the insignificance of cereals until the nineteenth century, are among the most unusual features. This paper presents the first attempt to estimate total food consumption in Iceland on the basis of food supply data, covering the period 1770–1940. The data, derived from trade statistics, production statistics and the author’s current study of Iceland’s GNp, provides information on the level of consumption, on the composition and the nutritional value of the diet, and on the changing patterns of consumption. In general terms, this can be described as a transition from an animal-based to a more grain-based diet. A short discussion on the causes of dietary change, and its effects on the nutrional status of Icelanders and on population growth, concludes the paper.     

Identities Found in Uniqueness：Two Financial Centers in China

Hong Kong and Shanghai have long been known as two financial centers in China.Both are themain channels of capital flows between China and theworld.Both are situated in the delta regions of China:one being in the vicinity of the Pearl River and the otherin the Yangtse River.Are they twins?Will a replace-     

An experiment in low‐input maize production in KwaZulu∗

The experiment aims to establish the minimum inputs needed to achieve each of three predetermined target yields for dryland maize grain production in the Nhlangwinl ward of KwaZulu in southern Natal. Three farming systems were identified and assigned target yields based on the objectives of the farmers concerned, and an interaction trial was planted to establish optimal fertilization under a variety of cultural practices (weed control, pest control, plant population). The first year's data show that without weed control, yields were consistently below 0,5 t ha^?1 even at moderate fertility levels. Although cutworm control significantly increased seedling survival rate, this was not reflected in the yield. Responses to low levels of fertilization were absent, and it was only at moderate input levels that significant crop yield responses were measured. For the subsistence farming system (where the aim is to feed the family) a yield target of

1 t ha ^?1 was set, which was nearly achieved using weed control, cutworm and stalk‐borer control, and no fertilizer. A return of 42c to 58c per hour of labour expended was achieved. A yield target of 4 t ha ^?1 set for the commercial farming system was not achieved by any of the treatments. For the semi‐commercial farming system (where a small quantity of produce is sold, over and above family requirements) a yield target of

2 t ha ^?1was set. This was achieved using weed control, cutworm, and stalkborer con trol, and a fertilization level of 250 kg ha ^?1 2:3:2(22) (0,5% Zn) and a topdressing of 100 kg ha ^?1 of limestone ammonium nitrate (28% N). A return of 79c to 83c per hour of labour expended was achieved. Further trials will show whether these yield levels occur consistently in the long term.     

ERPApplication in China.

This thesis firstly sets focus on the development of ERP, which includes tour stages, lney are order point, material requirements planning, close Loop MRP, manufacturing resource planning and ERP. Then the author emphasizes on the basic function of ERP. At last, the article mainly analyzes in the bright future ERP will have in China and also the tendency of ERP.     

Gendered trends in poverty in the post-apartheid period, 1997–2006

This study investigates whether trends in the extent and depth of poverty in South Africa over the past decade have been gendered. We examine whether females are more likely to live in poor households than males and whether this has changed over time, and how poverty has changed for female-headed and male-headed households. We use data from the 1997 and 1999 October Household Surveys and the 2004 and 2006 General Household Surveys, which have the advantage of collecting information on the individual receipt of social grant income. We find that although poverty rates have fallen for both males and females, and for male-headed and female-headed households, the decline has been larger for males and for male-headed households. Gender differences in poverty rates have therefore widened over the period. We show that these findings are robust to the possible underestimation of household income and to adjustments for household composition.     

Change in a Transitional Economy： The Private Entrepreneurs and Enterprises in China

This study examines some changes that have taken place among Chinese private entrepreneurs and enterprises. The study compares some results of a recent survey-a sample of five hundred small and medium-sized private enterprises in central China-with some former literature views about Chinese private enterprises in the west. The comparison consists of private entrepreneurs social origins, enterprises development, internal and external factors for a successful enterprises, marketing strategy, and influence of the government, Implications are also discussed.     

Concentration in Indonesian Manufacturing∗

This paper reports new data on patterns and trends in concentration in Indonesian manufacturing from 1975 to 1983. Seller concentration is found to be remarkably high, exceeding that of most other sizeable developing countries for which data are available. Manufacturing activity is heavily concentrated around Jakarta and neighbouring areas and in East Java; moreover, the six most industrialised provinces account for well over 80% of industrial output. In terms of ownership, private (domestic) firms are by far the most important group, and their share has been expanding. For various reasons, the significance of these firms is overstated in the statistics.

     

Environmental Impact Assessment in China

Environmental Impact Assessment （EIA） has made important contributions to the environmental protection of China, but there are still a lot of problems in the implementation of EIA. For example, EIA technology （the time for EIA is too long, and the discussion of the way for pollution abatement is not enough）, EIA management （experts＇ opinions are regarded very important but citizens＇ participation is not enough, and there are some problems in the work of assessment center） and EIA cost payment. Some suggestions are given in this paper.     

Rethinking Pension Reform in China

I. IntroductionIn the last decade, social insurance has been undergoing a process of reform in bothdeveloped and developing countries. Old age pensions have the broadest coverage andfrequently the largest cost of any program in the entire social insurance system, and inmany countries have become or threaten to become a major burden on public finances.Hence they have been the subject of much discussion. Attention has been concentratedon thequestion of which system should be chosen: should it b…     

Changes in China''''s Mconomic Indicators

~~Changes in China's Mconomic Indicators~~     

New Investment Upsurge in Jinan

“There are people who want to emigrate to Canada,America or Europe where there is nicenatural scenery and convenient city construction.But those are not places that belong to me,or,to my nationality and my roots.A man as old as mewants a real life.I belong to Jinan.”These are the words of Wang Kezhang,chairman of Taiwan Businessmen Invested Enterprises Association Jinan and board chairman of Daziran Textile Industry(Jinan)Co.,Ltd.,and they reflect what most Taiwan businessmen in Jina…     

China''''s Role in the WTO

On November 11,2001,China formally joined theWorld Trade Organization(WTO).As a newWTO member,China can play a more active and con-structive role in the organization.This paper will ana-lyze China's role in the WTO on the basis of its organi-zational feature,benefit and member structures.As oneof the top three trade economies and a potential eco-nomic world power,China does and will benefit fromthe present multilateral trade framework as a strong sup-     

Minorities’ Fields of Expertise in Economics and Employment Demand in These Fields

Efforts by public and private institutions to increase the number of minorities participating in graduate economics programs has contributed to a growing supply of Ph. D. trained minority economists. However, minorities are still under-represented as faculty members in economics departments. This presidential address explores whether the concentration of minorities in a few fields of specialization creates a demand-supply mismatch for these individuals.

Changes in China''''s Economic Indicators

~~Changes in China's Economic Indicators     

Hard data or bleeding heart data: The value of qualitative data in research in a rural village in Matatiele District∗

Qualitative data derived from participant observation are often overlooked by development experts anxious to complete their projects speedily. But the surveys they use cannot reveal the details of poor people's lives.

This article presents the case of in‐depth research data about life in areas where development planners often intervene. It demonstrates some ways whereby poor Transkeian villagers deal with the exigencies of dependence on migrant labour, focusing on movements between domestic units and response to the availability of remittances.

It argues that developers should recognise the efficacy of such social practices as developed by the poor themselves. These practices may be usefully applied to effect development so long as this forms part of package aiming to fulfil the vital Southern African need for wealth redistribution. The development practioner's proper role is identified as one demanding direct engagement with the poor, acting as facilitators for their understanding of the structures which constrain them and intending to achieve their own carefully conceived aspirations.     

Investing in the Future during the Economic Depression Period： investment Advice in 2009

赢家法则--不要去预测市场的走势,特别是市场的中、短期走势,而应当把握市场的长期走势. 如果说2007年的市场是大牛市,2008年的市场是大熊市,那么2009年的市场又会是怎样的呢?众所周知2009年经济面临较大的不确定性,纵然不可确定但并非不可预知,任何经济周期中,总有赢家和输家,本文尝试提供一些观点,并尝试在废墟中发现投资机遇.     

Do house prices play a role in unconventional monetary policy transmission in Japan?

This study comprehensively analyzes the role of house prices in the transmission mechanism of unconventional monetary policy (UMP) in Japan using structural vector autoregression models. The empirical results show that house prices are significantly affected by UMP shocks, and fluctuations in house prices considerably affect macroeconomic variables. With a set of robustness checks and extensions, the findings indicate that house prices provide important channels for UMP transmission.     

Land redistribution in KwaZulu‐Natal: An analysis of farmland transactions in 1997

This article presents the results of a census survey of all farmland transactions in the province of KwaZulu‐Natal during the calendar year 1997. Data recorded by the Deeds Registry were stratified and analysed by race, gender and mode of land acquisition. It was estimated that 372 995 hectares, or 7 per cent, of the area available for redistribution have been transferred to new owners. Of this, just 0,43 per cent of the available area was redistributed to disadvantaged people. Although low, the rate of redistribution appears to have increased dramatically since 1995. The quality of land varied markedly across different modes of land redistribution. Land purchased with government grants was of a much lower agricultural quality than land purchased privately. Relative to government‐assisted transactions, private market transactions accounted for a slightly smaller share of the area transferred to disadvantaged people but for a much larger share of the value of land redistributed. Inheritance and land donations accounted for the remaining redistributed land. Women were well represented in land transactions involving inheritance but were underrepresented in transactions financed with mortgage loans. In general, they acquired farms of much smaller size and land of lower quality than men.