人民币汇率水平的高低与波动对外国直接投资的影响

本文结合中国利用外资的主要特点,从理论模型和实证分析两个方面进行研究后认为:人民币贬值和人民币汇率长期波动的降低都能够促进外国直接投资的流入,但汇率的短期波动对外国直接投资的影响并不显著。对于这一结论,本文分别用汇率变化的“相对生产成本效应”和笔者提出的“成本反应弹性效应”进行了解释。并且笔者认为,在当前人民币贬值可能性不大的情况下,保持汇率的长期稳定对促进外资的流入具有更重要的现实意义,与此同时为扩大我国利用汇率杠杆进行宏观经济调控的政策空间,缓解“热钱”流入的压力,可以在短期内提高汇率波动的自由度。     

现行人民币汇率有利于引进外商直接投资

本根据已有的研究构造了一个汇率波动对外商直接投贵的影响模型，并利GARCH模型对汇率的波动剧烈度进行了估计。并运用协整检验方法和误差纠正模型分析了人民币汇率波动对我国外商直接投资的长期和短期影响效应。结果显示：人民币汇率波动与外育直接投资存在长期协整关系，但从短期来看两之间缺乏显的关联度。     

人民币汇率波动与外国直接投资——基于2002—2013年数据的实证分析

2002年以来,人民币不断升值,外国直接投资流入规模不断扩大。人民币汇率波动对外国直接投资有何影响?影响程度如何?文章利用从2002年1月至201 3年1 2月期间的人民币对美元汇率与FDI的月度数据,对人民币汇率波动对FDI的影响进行实证研究,得出结论,提出政策建议。     

人民币汇率变动与上海市FDI利用关系的实证研究

本文利用协整分析和误差修正模型,从长期和短期分析了人民币名义汇率和实际汇率与上海市外商直接投资之间的均衡关系。结果发现,从长期来看,人民币实际汇率的波动对外商直接投资的影响远大于名义汇率波动所带来的影响,而短期内则刚好相反。名义汇率和实际汇率的波动均是外商直接投资变化的原因,人民币汇率无论是名义贬值还是实际贬值都能够促进外商直接投资的流入。     

人民币汇率升值影响因素的实证研究——以外商直接投资和特有的加工贸易方式为例

人民币汇率升值一直是困扰我国经济内外均衡、持续发展的一个重要问题,而外商直接投资与特有的加工贸易方式是长期影响人民币汇率波动的两个重要因素。本文首先构建VAR模型,实证检验这两种因素对人民币汇率升值的影响;其次,通过脉冲影响函数和方差分解,检验这两种因素对人民币升值的影响程度,结果表明,外商直接投资比特有的加工贸易方式影响程度大;最后,提出应对人民币汇率波动的几点政策建议。     

人民币汇率与外商直接投资关系研究——基于上海市的数据

运用Johansen协整检验、Granger因果检验、脉冲响应分析等实证方法研究上海市外商直接投资与人民币实际有效汇率及其波动之间的相关性,研究表明:上海市外商直接投资(FDI)与实际有效汇率(REER)、地区国内生产总值(GDP)和对外依存度(OPEN)显著正相关,与汇率波动(VOL)和平均工资(WAGE)显著负相关;短期内人民币实际有效汇率及其波动对上海市外商直接投资存在影响,且汇率的波动比其实际值的大小更能影响外商直接投资;实际有效汇率及其波动的冲击在零期对外商直接投资均没有影响,响应值在第四期达到最大,实际有效汇率对于外商直接投资的影响主要体现在投资时机的选择上。     

国外关于汇率变动对国际直接投资影响的观点及评述

汇率是货币的买卖价格,一国货币对外价格上涨,意味着国际购买力的提升,从而会降低该国对外直接投资的成本。我国自实行浮动汇率制以来,国内外学者对汇率变动与国际直接投资关联性的探讨不断深入,取得大量有价值的研究成果。本文基于汇率升值、贬值的变化对国际直接投资的影响和汇率的波动性、波动率对国际直接投资的影响两个角度进行文献梳理,并对未来的研究方向进行展望,以期将汇率变动与国际直接投资的关联研究推向前沿。     

FDI与中国经常项目的实证分析

本文基于储蓄—投资的视角,采用时间序列计量技术,在5个变量系统内检验了外国直接投资对中国经常项目的影响。结果显示:经常项目、外国直接投资、名义汇率、名义利率以及GDP等5个变量之间存在长期的协整关系;利率、汇率不是经常项目的Granger原因,外国直接投资和GDP是经常项目的Granger原因,外国直接投资的增加导致经常项目顺差增加,GDP增加导致经常项目顺差减少。其政策含义在于,通过对包括外国直接投资和国内需求在内的有关宏观经济变量的调整可以有效调节中国的经常项目收支。     

人民币汇率波动对OFDI影响效应的实证研究

通过实证研究发现1994年的汇率改革对OFDI没有显著影响,2005年汇率改革对OFDI影响显著,汇率和OFDI为负相关。汇率波动模型研究发现人民币汇率的波动率对中国OFDI有显著的正向作用,但是影响力度很小。GDP和OFDI有显著的正向关系,表明中国经济实力上升有利于促进中国的境外直接投资。     

汇率水平、波动及预期对我国吸收外商直接投资的影响分析

浮动汇率制度使得汇率成为跨国企业进行投资决策时的重要参考因素.汇率对外商直接投资的影响主要体现在水平,波动及预期三个方面.水平是指货币当前的价值,主要影响投资者的进入成本.波动是指货币价值变动的程度,体现汇率的风险因素.预期是指货币价值未来的变动方向,影响投资者未来的成本及收益.然而国内学者在对人民币和外商直接投资进行分析时较少考虑汇率运动的后两个阶段.笔者通对1999年到2011年的季度数据结合协整方法进行实证研究发现:人民币价值水平和外商直接投资成正方向变动,波动对外商直接投资影响并不显著,而人民币的升值预期有利于外商直接投资的吸收.     

人民币汇率的均衡与失调

人民币汇率波动趋势表现出了"U"型特征,推动其升值的主要因素是经常项目盈余导致的净对外资产余额的不断增加、FDI资本的大量流入和贸易品部门劳动生产率的较快提高。人民币均衡汇率在1985年～1989年表现为高估,在1990年～2009年表现为低估。人民币均衡汇率低估具有逐渐收敛的特征,从而人民币均衡汇率继续升值的空间已经很小了。人民币汇率机制的完善不仅要考虑到影响汇率的主要因素,也要考虑潜在因素。     

Exchange Rates and Outward Foreign Direct Investment: US FDI in Emerging Economies

This paper investigates the effect of exchange rates on US foreign direct investment (FDI) flows to a sample of 16 emerging market countries using annual panel data for the period 1990–2002. Three separate exchange rate effects are considered: the value of the local currency (a cheaper currency attracts FDI); expected changes in the exchange rate (expected devaluation implies FDI is postponed); and exchange rate volatility (discourages FDI). The results reveal a negative relationship between FDI and more expensive local currency, the expectation of local currency depreciation, and volatile exchange rates. Stable exchange rate management can be important in attracting FDI.     

日本对华直接投资决定因素的实证研究

运用计量模型,以1986-2007年的统计数据为基础,选取中国国内生产总值、中日双边贸易量、人民币实际汇率和中日两国实际工资差异为解释变量,针对日本对华直接投资进行实证分析,结果显示:国内生产总值、中日双边贸易量和实际汇率与日本对华直接投资正相关,实际工资差异与之负相关,且各变量均影响显著.     

人民币汇率波动对中国外商直接投资的影响

根据中国1985—2009年的外商直接投资和实际汇率等数据,分析人民币汇率波动对中国外商直接投资的影响,结果表明:人民币贬值的短期效应明显,但从长期来看,实际汇率的贬值对中国外商直接投资并无明显促进作用。     

Financial Openness and the Dutch Disease

This paper studies the relationship between the degree of financial openness and Dutch disease effects of capital inflows in developing countries. The results reveal that an increase in financial openness leads to an appreciation of the real exchange rate. In particular, the study shows that an increase in inflow of foreign direct investments (FDI) results in an appreciation of the real exchange rate in more financially open countries only. The results also suggest that there is a trade‐off between the resource movement effect and the spending effect in more financially open economies following an increase in FDI inflows, such that the more the tradable sector expands relative to the nontradable sector, the greater is the real exchange rate appreciation.     

International migration,foreign direct investment,and development stage in developing economies

The existing empirical results on the relationship between FDI and migration are rather mixed. This study reevaluates, both theoretically and empirically, how inward FDI relates to emigration in developing countries. Our model illustrates that the relationship between inward FDI and emigration flows depends on the development stage of a developing country, that is, there is a positive association between inward FDI and emigration flows for relatively less‐developed countries but a negative association between these two variables for relatively developed countries. We confirm the empirical validity of our model prediction using the panel data of 21 OECD and 51 non‐OECD countries during the period from 2003 to 2012. Our results argue that as economic development proceeds in a developing country, the home effect of inward FDI associated with intensified labor demand would dominate the linkage effect that induces the brain drain problem through enhancing the socioeconomic ties with migrant networks.     

汇率波动与FDI区位分布——基于辖区间财政竞争视角的研究

为了获取相对的竞争优势,辖区政府会通过策略性财政政策影响砌的区位分布.文章利用中国省级面板数据,实证分析人民币汇率波动通过改变辖区政府的财政竞争策略,从而影响FI)I区位分布的实际效应.研究表明,人民币汇率升值会弱化FDI流入量与辖区政府财政支出竞争程度两者的正向关系,此时依靠财政支出结构偏向基本建设的竞争策略将收效甚微.     

FDI,SECTORAL OUTPUT AND REAL EXCHANGE RATE DYNAMICS UNDER FINANCIAL OPENNESS

This paper adopts an alternative approach to the study of the impact of capital inflow on the real exchange rate by foremost, analysing the effect of FDI inflow on the ratio of tradables to nontradables, and then estimating the relationship between the tradable‐nontradable ratio and the real exchange rate, while accounting for the role of financial openness. Based on data for a group of developing countries, the findings show that an increase in FDI inflow is associated with a decrease in the tradable‐nontradable ratio, and that an increase in the tradable‐nontradable ratio leads to a depreciation of the real exchange rate; this effect being greater with an increase in financial openness. This suggests that an increase in FDI inflow could result in an expansion of the nontradable sector, which would be associated with a greater appreciation of the real exchange rate under a higher level of financial openness.     

Assessment of innovation and foreign direct investment: An investigation of OECD countries

Using a panel cointegration method incorporating structural breaks and cross-sectional dependence, this paper explores the long-run equilibrium relationship between innovation and foreign direct investment (FDI) in 30 OECD countries. The results from the panel stationary test show that FDI and innovation variables follow a stationary process with several structural breaks over the period 1999–2018. The results also suggest an equilibrium relationship with structural breaks between FDI and innovation in OECD countries. The panel dynamic OLS model with breaks further reveals that FDI is positively associated with innovation performance and vice versa in OECD countries. Therefore, this paper sheds light on the relationship between FDI and innovation in OECD countries.     

External Openness and Economic Growth in Developing Countries

This paper investigates empirically the relationship between two channels of external openness: international trade, foreign direct investment (FDI), and the rate of economic growth implied by the leader–follower model. The predictions of the theory are tested for the group of 97 developing countries in the period of 1974–2006 using static and dynamic panel data estimation methods. The estimation results show that both international trade and FDI positively contribute to growth.