Emily Greene Balch,Political Economist

The first female economist to win a Nobel Prize was Emily Greene Balch, who shared the Nobel Peace Prize in 1946 for the same anti‐war activism for which she lost her Wellesley professorship of economics and sociology in 1918. Balch, an outspoken pacifist, social reformer, and defender of ethnically‐diverse immigration, has largely been forgotten in the history of economic thought and of sociology. Her contributions and her remarkable career warrant attention.     

威廉姆森最新研究成果文献综述

自获诺奖以来,威廉姆森着重于对交易成本经济学进行总结和完善,以及拓展交易成本经济学的应用范围。以下将对威廉姆森自2010年以来的三篇最新论文中的观点提炼总结并做简单地评述。     

KEYNES,KEYNESIANISM AND KRUGMAN

Short courses in economics carry an implicit warning: superficial analysis leads to simplistic conclusions. Where textbooks might be forgiven, a Nobel‐Prize‐winning economist who builds upon that superficiality deserves a reprimand.     

gary becker – nobel prizewinner

Who is Gary Becker and why did he win the 1992 Nobel Prize for economics? J.R. Shackleton, of Westminster University, explains why Gary Becker has earned his high reputation as an economist and gives an outline of his major publications.     

Economic Methodology and Nobel Laureates: Confirmation of a Methodological Paradigm Shift

Meir Kohn ( 2004 ) argues that two methodologies, the “value paradigm” and the “exchange paradigm,” dominate modern economics with the equilibrium‐focused value paradigm increasingly replaced by the more successful exchange paradigm. This article examines the question of modern economic methodologies and seeks to determine if the shift described by Kohn can be seen in the winners of the Nobel Prize in Economics (1969–2010). Trends in Nobel laureates suggest that Kohn's depiction of the two paradigms and their relationship appears accurate.     

A Celebration of Hayek

For much of his career, the work of the Austrian economist F. A. Hayek was neglected by all but a small band of academics. The award of the Nobel Prize in Economic Science in 1974 at last brought public recognition to a scholar whose seven decades of work is increasingly seen to offer seminal analysis which will guide the development of economics for at least as long again in the future. Norman Barry, Professor of Politics at the University of Buckingham, examines Hayek's distinguished career.     

The Impact of Nobel Prize Winners in Economics: Mainline vs. Mainstream

We assess the impact of two groups of economists: mainline economists, who regard economics primarily as the science of exchange and mainstream economists, who perceive economics primarily as the science of choice. To control for scholarly quality we investigate the citation impact of Nobel Prize winning economists, who we break up into the two groups, mainline and mainstream. We find that over the period from 1970 to 2007 mainline economists had more of an impact than mainstream economists.     

Catholic Social Thought and New Institutional Economics: An Assessment of Their Affinities and Areas of Potential Convergence

The potential link between Catholic social teaching (CST) and the theoretical developments associated with new institutional economics (NIE) are explored. The emphasis is on the contributions of two Nobel Prize winners in economics—Douglass C. North and Elinor Ostrom—and on the work of political scientist Vincent Ostrom. By adjusting the neoclassical presumptions dominating modern economic theory to include culture, ideas, and religious beliefs in the analysis of economic behavior, the economic and social theorizing developed by these scholars advances a framework that has significant affinities with CST’s foundational critique of economic concepts and theories and with its normative position regarding the nature and functioning of social and economic systems.     

Non-maximum Disequilibrium Macrodynamics

In his stimulating Nobel Prize Lecture, Paul Samuelson made the important point that there were interesting macrodynamic systems which could, in no sensible sense, be associated with maximization problems. The paradigmatic example he chose was the multiplier-accelerator system. In this paper I make an attempt to explore the connection between macrodynamics, rationality and computability against the backdrop provided by Samuelson's observation and Richard Goodwin's nonlinear methodological credo. It is shown that non-maximum, disequilibrium macrodynamics is perfectly consistent with standard rationality postulates.     

Land Rents and Ecological Crisis:

A bstract . In the summer of 1997, the Oder Valley experienced an almost unprecedented flood. By calling in the army, the German government prevented the dykes from bursting, yet massive floods occurred in neighboring Poland, as the River Oder is now the border between Germany and Poland. Similar floods occurred in the Czech Republic and Romania. In October of 1997, a seemingly unrelated event occurred: The Nobel Prize in economics was awarded to Myron S. Scholes and Robert C. Merton for their pioneering contributions to the theory of how options are priced in financial markets. Ironically, the options contract model provides a solution to the Oder Valley crisis. This article ties the two events together and also draws on insights from the radical reformer, Henry George.     

从计算机图灵奖分析计算机领域科学技术创新

图灵奖是计算机界的最高荣誉,有"计算机诺贝尔奖"之称。根据1966年2009年历届图灵奖获奖者的相关统计资料,从获奖内容、创新角度、研究领域、年龄分布、兴趣爱好等方面对图灵奖获得者进行分析。认为图灵奖注重原始理论创新和学科交叉,具有科研优势积累现象和中青年现象,是团队合作精神的体现。最后,为计算机科技者进行科学技术创新提供一些建议。     

会计信息对称的一般研究

自美国加州大学乔治·阿克尔洛夫因研究信息不对称理论获得2001年诺贝尔经济学奖以来,管理理论都以信息不对称为研究假设。在实践中,因为会计信息不对称发生了大量现金犯罪和财务造假。为什么会计信息会不对称?学者们在理论上是如何论述的?有关部门在实务上又是如何治理的?论文以现金犯罪和财务造假为研究背景,以前人已有成果为研究参考,对学术界的研究动态和有关部门的治理举措进行了梳理,并提出了破解信息不对称难题的基本思路。     

基于元功能理论下的语篇分析———以莫言诺贝尔文学奖获奖演说为例

莫言于2012年成为中国籍第一位获得诺贝尔文学奖的作家。本文依据韩礼德的系统功能语法理论对莫言获得文学奖后的获奖演说进行语篇分析。从概念功能、人际功能与语篇功能三个元功能理论出发,具体分析了演说的及物系统、语态与主位结构,从而唤起读者对莫言获奖演说的语言艺术欣赏。     

宏观经济政策中的跨期权衡 ——2006年诺贝尔经济学奖得主的学术思想及其启示

2006年度诺贝尔经济学奖授予了美国经济学家埃德蒙·费尔普斯,以表彰其关于宏观经济政策中跨期权衡的研究,他对宏观经济学研究做出了很大贡献,其学术成果从根本上影响了宏观经济政策的制定。费尔普斯无论在通胀和失业方面的研究还是在资本积累等方面的研究,都贯串了对于宏观经济政策权衡中动态不一致的关注,这一思路对于我国和谐社会建设中的很多重大问题,有着重要启示。     

Trade and Geography: Paul Krugman and the 2008 Nobel Prize for Economics

Abstract

The 2008 Nobel Prize for economics was awarded to Paul Krugman for three papers—Krugman (1979, 1980, 1991). In this paper we illustrate that, indeed, these three papers are closely connected. We present a summary of the papers using a unified framework. Central in the discussion is the so-called home market effect that was already alluded to in Krugman (1979). We evaluate his work and conclude that these three papers changed and improved the way in which economists think about trade and geography.

Commerce et Géographie: Paul Krugman et le Prix Nobel 2008 en Économie

Résumé Dans la présent communication, nous illustrons la façon dont ces trois communications sont en rapport étroit. Nous présentons un récapitulatif sur ces communications, en suivant un cadre unifié. Au c?ur même de ces discussions se trouve ce que l'on appelle l'effet du marché intérieur, déjà évoqué dans Krugman (1979). Nous évaluons cet ouvrage, en concluant que ces communications ont changé et optimisé la façon dont les économistes conçoivent le commerce et la géographie.

Comercio y Geografía: Paul Krugman y el Premio Nobel 2008 en Economía

Résumén En este documento ilustramos que, de hecho, estos tres ensayos están estrechamente relacionados. Presentamos un resumen de los ensayos utilizando un marco unificado. Un factor fundamental del debate es el denominado efecto del mercado nacional, al que ya se había hecho alusión en Krugman (1979). Evaluamos este trabajo y concluimos que estos tres ensayos cambiaron y mejoraron la forma de pensar de los economistas sobre el comercio y la geografía.     

关于会计实验本质与新学科产生条件问题的研究

会计实验是20世纪70年代末至80年代初在我国逐步兴起的一种会计实践活动。对其的评价存在两种尖锐不同的观点。但是，二十多年来会计实验却在批评声中逐渐发展起来。这就很值得我们思考。尤其当国际上实验经济学荣获了诺贝尔经济学奖後，重新认识会计实验就显得更为必要。而这些又必然涉及新学科产生的条件和会计实验的本质问题。     

VARIATIONS ON THE THEME OF CONNINGa IN MATHEMATICAL ECONOMICS

Abstract The mathematization of economics is almost exclusively in terms of the mathematics of real analysis which, in turn, is founded on set theory (and the axiom of choice) and orthodox mathematical logic. In this paper I try to point out that this kind of mathematization is replete with economic infelicities. The attempt to extract these infelicities is in terms of three main examples and one general discussion: dynamics, policy and rational expectations and learning are the examples; a game theory without ‘subjectivism’, based on the axiom of determinateness, is discussed in general terms. The focus is on the role and reliance of standard fixed‐point theorems in orthodox mathematical economics.     

洛伦茨及其习性学对心理学的影响

康拉德·洛伦茨,奥地利的习性学家,被称为习性学之父。因为他在习性学上的成就非凡,1973年获得诺贝尔生理医学奖,动物行为领域的先锋。他提出了习性学的核心概念,如:印刻效应、本能释放物、本能释放机制等。洛伦茨习性学对心理学的影响主要体现在丰富了对侵犯行为的理解等四个方面。     

The Market, the Firm, and the Economics Profession

The mathematical and statistical complexity of economic research increased remarkably over the past century. While criticisms of the trend abound, the "wisdom of crowds" argument creates a presumption that the profession's acceptance of increasing mathematical sophistication is a net improvement. I provide a contrasting "market failure" argument for the excessive mathematization of economics. Academic research is not a cash-based economy, and this limits economists' ability to contract for assistance with technical research. Consequently, production of mathematical and statistical research must use the firm—the department—instead of the market. This alters the composition of the faculty and ultimately the economics curriculum, and the resulting level of sophistication may be greater than optimal.     

EVA理论在发展传统绩效评价基础上的经济应用

EVA(EconomicValueAdded,经济增加值)理论源于获诺贝尔奖的经济学家默顿米勒和弗兰克莫迪利尼亚关于公司价值的经济模型。EVA理论以其独特的优越性,在新经济时代下向传统财务管理提出挑战。以EVA为基础的业绩评价体系和有效的激励机制将资本成本理论引入传统业绩计量中,通过会计调整修正了会计净利润潜在的偏差和扭曲,正确地反映企业价值创造过程。本文最后通过将EVA业绩评价体系引入我国上市公司,探讨EVA与中国上市公司股权融资偏好问题。