大学生逃课现象分析

目前,大学生教育质量下降成了一般人的共识。很多人关注大学生群体中出现的逃课现象,认为这是造成学生质量下降的一个很重要的原因。关于大学逃课的形成原因,国内也已出现了一些实证的研究。依据我们对山东工商学院904个大学生的问卷调查数据,系统地分析了影响大学生逃课率的各种因素,并给出了一个系统的具有较高说明率的模型,目的是为加强学生的管理提供参考。     

大学生隐性逃课现象分析

大学生的逃课现象分为显性逃课和“隐性逃课”。显性逃课是指旷课,“隐性逃课”是指学生虽然人在课堂上但在从事其他无关事情的旷课行为,比如上课的时候聊天、睡觉、上网玩手机、看课外书等。大多数高校对隐性逃课没有惩罚措施,隐性逃课现象也较严重,最终会影响到教学工作的有效开展和学生综合素质的提高。本文对“隐性逃课”理论进行梳理,在此基础上依据动机理论和马斯洛需求五层次论分析大学生存在“隐性逃课”的内在原因,探讨如何有效减少大学生“隐性逃课”。     

大学生逃课心理浅析

目前,高校大学生逃课现象越来越普遍,受到了大家的广泛关注。为了对大学生的逃课行为加强教育和引导,我们通过问卷调查和个人访谈的形式在我院大学生中进行调研,全面深入分析了大学生的逃课心理。通过分析,我们提出了一些切实可行的建议以达到减少学生逃课、保证和推进教学工作的正常开展。     

大学生思想政治理论课学生逃课影响因素研究--以上海高职院校学生为例

教学吸引力研究是高校教育教学研究领域重要的研究内容。本文抽取上海市5所高职院校的在校大学生为研究对象,通过运用定量和定性相结合的方法,深入分析了目前上海高职院校思想政治理论课整体状况,力求数据调研和分析,寻求提升思想政治理论课吸引力的策略。调研结果显示,高职大学生思想政治理论课显性逃课、隐性逃课率都较高;大学生思想政治理论课显性逃课无明显性别差异,但是否是学生干部与是否合班上课对于大学生思想政治理论课显性逃课影响显著;学校管理水平、教师教学模式、学生自我认知这三项对于大学生思想政治理论课隐性逃课起到至关重要的影响作用。     

大学生思想政治理论课学生逃课影响因素研究——以上海高职院校学生为例

教学吸引力研究是高校教育教学研究领域重要的研究内容。本文抽取上海市5所高职院校的在校大学生为研究对象,通过运用定量和定性相结合的方法,深入分析了目前上海高职院校思想政治理论课整体状况,力求数据调研和分析,寻求提升思想政治理论课吸引力的策略。调研结果显示,高职大学生思想政治理论课显性逃课、隐性逃课率都较高;大学生思想政治理论课显性逃课无明显性别差异,但是否是学生干部与是否合班上课对于大学生思想政治理论课显性逃课影响显著;学校管理水平、教师教学模式、学生自我认知这三项对于大学生思想政治理论课隐性逃课起到至关重要的影响作用。     

探析大学生不恋课堂的原因及疏导对策

近年来,大学生不恋课堂逃学之风盛行,而且越刮越烈,资料显示80%以上的同学有逃课的经历,5%的学生经常逃课。大学生不恋课堂逃课的原因多种多样,现从他们面对学业、择业、生活、情感等各方面的压力和诱惑,学生整体的学习积极性在下降等方面,详细分析了大学生不恋课堂的原因并提出了相应的疏导对策。     

透视大学生的逃课心理

近年以来,逃课现象已经在各大高校蔚然成风,而我们高校师生又该以什么态度面对也是一个不容忽视的问题。我们身为当代大学生,对此问题做了深入的研究,从而探讨了大学生逃课的缘由及解决措施!     

大学生隐性逃课原因分析及对策探讨

针对大学普遍存在的隐性逃课现象进行了全面的分析,得出关于课堂教学、学生自身、课程设置、教学管理几方面的原因,并针对隐性逃课的原因提出了有针对性的、实用的改进建议,如高校办学理念和办学目标的从新审定、教学内容与时俱进并与实践接轨、真正能学以致用的课程设置、小班制和对大学生进行教育和引导,力求为遏制大学生隐性逃课以至提高国家高等人才培养质量做出一份贡献。     

大学生隐性逃课动因探究

大学课堂是高等教育的重要部分,是大学生获取知识的主要途径之一。近几年来我国高校普遍扩招,大学教育质量下降,以及就业难和读书无用论等观念的出现,使得高等学校学生逃课成为普遍现象,严重影响了高校正常的教育秩序。大学生逃课已成为高校教育管理中不容忽视的问题。     

大学生逃课现象的调查与对策分析

文章通过社会调查，针对大学生逃课现状的特点与原因分析，提出：减少大学生逃课行为，应该改进高校招生模式、注重招生与学生培养与就业的系统性。促进高校教学管理与考试制度改革，加强大学生的思想观念教育与就业观念教育等思路。     

The Geography of Innovation in China and India

The BRICS countries in general, and China and India in particular, are now widely regarded as the areas of the world likely to challenge the economic leadership of the United States (US) and the European Union (EU). A large part of this challenge will come from rapid technological catch‐up by China and India. Yet, despite a recent rise in interest, there is limited knowledge about how and where innovation takes place in these two leading emerging countries and to what extent the Chinese and Indian territorial systems of innovation differ from those in the EU or the US. In this article we explore the geography of innovation in China and India, concentrating on understanding key territorial‐level innovation trends by country, region and technology field, using the US and the EU as benchmarks. We find significant contrasts between the geography of innovation in China and India and that of the US and the EU. First, the degree of concentration of innovative activities in both countries is extremely high. Levels of agglomeration of innovation in the coastal provinces of China, as well as in Delhi and the South of India, significantly exceed the levels of agglomeration found in the USA and the EU. Secondly, China has witnessed a more rapid increase in the degree of concentration of innovation than India. We posit that the differences in the geography of innovation between, on the one hand, China and India and, on the other hand, between these countries and the developed world are rooted in different institutional settings, different systems of innovation and different national innovation strategies.     

Interference among conflicting institutions and technical-economic conditions: the adoption of the Assessment Center in French,German, Italian,UK, and US multinational firms

We analyze the adoption of the Assessment Center (AC), one of the most complex human resource management techniques, in 161 British, French, German, Italian and US multinational firms both at the headquarters and in their Italian subsidiaries. Combining both quantitative analysis and qualitative accounts, we investigate how different and partially contradictory institutional influences stemming from national business systems and professions, global corporate networks and professions, and different technical-economic conditions affect the adoption of the AC. Our study shows that AC-diffusion is similar at headquarters level in all national contexts, testifying to the paramount importance of transnational institutions of Anglo-American origin for MNCs of any nationality, despite great local variation in the degree of institutionalization of the AC, which ranges from fully-fledged support in culture and the professions as, for example, in Germany, the UK and the USA, to weak or negative backing as in France and Italy. However, the study also reveals how different characteristics of the corporate field of firms with headquarters in different countries, as well as organizational size and labor market conditions, still explain adoption of the AC in their subsidiaries in Italy.     

Managing AIDS in Africa: HRM challenges in Tanzania

The impact of the AIDS epidemic in developing countries, and in Africa in particular, is now a matter of great concern to policy makers, managers, and academics on a global scale. The magnitude of the potentially disastrous effects of the disease has severe implications for management in organizations, and, in particular, for HRM. The AIDS epidemic is imposing, and will continue to impose, in the foreseeable future, a significant burden on the way people are managed. Little has been written on HRM in Africa, and the present literature on AIDS and HRM in Western societies is inappropriate and insufficient in relation to African organizations. Fifteen organizations in Tanzania took part in this study, which is probably the first of its kind, to produce a picture of current developments and approaches in managing people under the threat of AIDS.     

The (Re)Making of Polycentricity in China's Planning Discourse: The Case of Tianjin

Polycentricity is promoted as an ideal urban form to achieve sustainable and balanced development, and it has been widely adopted by planners in China, especially in large cities. However, the rhetoric about polycentricity has rarely been interrogated in planning research in terms of scales, contextuality, power and rationality. To fill this gap, we carried out a Foucauldian discourse analysis in our research to interpret the nature of polycentric practice in City Master Plans, using Tianjin as a case study. Through an analysis of how the discourse of polycentricity is being deployed in planning documents, we develop two principal arguments in this article. First, the conceptual substance of polycentricity evolved alongside the urban transition process in China, and its discursive practice involved multiple scales and spatial elements. Secondly, rather than being mere technocratic practice, the production and legitimation of distinct discourses of polycentricity is an articulation of multi-scalar power involving various stakeholders, which is disguised and justified by the planning profession.     

An interview with Luis Raúl Pericchi

Luis Raúl Pericchi Guerra was born in Caracas, Venezuela, on 11 March 1952. He completed a B.S. in Mathematics in 1975 at the Universidad Simón Bolívar in Caracas, an M.S. in Statistics at the University of California Berkeley in 1978 and a Ph.D. in Statistics at Imperial College London in 1981. After graduating from Imperial College, Luis Raúl went back to Universidad Simón Bolívar. There, he played a key role in the developing of graduate programmes in Statistics and single handedly built an internationally recognised group focused on Bayesian statistics. In 2001, he moved to the Universidad de Puerto Rico in Rio Piedras to become the Chair of the Mathematics Department. At Universidad de Puerto Rico, he was instrumental in the establishment of a Ph.D. track in Computational Mathematics and Statistics. Luis Raúl has published over 120 papers in statistical and domain-specific journals, making significant contributions to several areas of Bayesian statistics (especially in the areas of model selection and Bayesian robustness) and their application (especially in hydrology). He is a Fellow of the American Statistical Association, the International Society for Bayesian Analysis, the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation and an Elected Member of the International Statistical Institute. This conversation took place over multiple sessions during the 2022 O'Bayes meeting in Santa Cruz, California, and the months that followed.     

A PATCHWORK SAFETY NET: A SURVEY OF CLIOMETRIC STUDIES OF INCOME MAINTENANCE PROGRAMS IN THE UNITED STATES IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY

Abstract Social welfare programs in the USA are designed to serve as safety nets for people in hard times, in contrast with the universal approach found in many other developed western nations. In a survey of cliometric studies of social welfare programs in the USA, we examine the variation in the safety net in the USA across states in the 20th century, the determinants of the variation and its impact on socioeconomic outcomes. The USA has always displayed substantial variation in the extent of the safety net because the features of most public social welfare programs have been and currently are determined by local and state governments, even after the federal government became involved in the 1930s. Differences across states persist strongly for typically a decade, although the persistence weakens with time, and there are some periods when federal intervention led to a re‐ordering. The rankings of state benefits differ from program to program, and economic and political factors have different weights in determining benefit levels in panel data estimation of their effects. Variation in benefits across programs during the early 1900s had significant impact on labour markets, economic activity, family formation, death rates and crime.     

Performance of microfinance institutions in Europe—Does social capital matter?

This paper investigates performance drivers of microfinance suppliers in Europe. As such suppliers, in contrast to advanced microfinance suppliers in developing economies, typically focus on uncollateralized microcredit services to individuals at the margins of society and of labor markets, we draw on the theory of social capital and empirically investigate the role that social capital may play in the overall performance of European microfinance suppliers. We build a unique, unbalanced panel data set of 302 microfinance service providers in Europe covering the years 2008–2015, and measure their performance in terms of credit risk, financial and social performance, and efficiency. Pursuing an econometric approach, we test a series of hypotheses using various measures of conditions conducive to building social capital on both the institutional and the country level, such as the client base of a microfinance supplier and the level of cultural fractionalization in a society. Our findings confirm that a higher intensity of social capital is positively associated with all areas of the performance of microfinance suppliers in Europe. Our conclusions could help in the design and launch of microfinance institutions in those European countries in which microfinance markets are developed not at all or only to a very limited extent. Our paper thus contributes to the nascent literature on microfinance in developed economies by applying and extending the theoretical framework and empirical models on social capital and microfinance that were originally elaborated for developing economies.     

Conformity or divergence in describing the business concept and profitability

The relationship between conformity or divergence in the way CEOs and chief financial officers describe the business concept, and profitability, was studied in 20 firms in one industry. Measures were obtained for firm size, profitability, degree of conformity, organizational stability, product development and the CEO's influence on strategic decisions. Controlling for the effect of size, the relationship was analysed in stepwise multiple regression analyses. Conformity was positively correlated to profitability in stable organizations, and (weakly) to divergence in unstable ones. These findings are consistent with those reported in studies of top management team consensus and performance, which suggest that environmental turbulence has a moderating effect on the relationship. It is concluded that environmental contingency factors affect the conformity-profitability relationship by way of organizational processes. Consequently, differences in organizational stability should be taken into account in studying the impact of environmental conditions on this relationship.     

城市灾害风险与中国城市减灾战略

社会管理和公共服务是现代城市的两大基本职能.保障城市公共安全,实施防灾减灾是城市履行管理与服务职能的重要内容.首先,综述国际城市防灾减灾的合作和研究的主要进展;其次,基于城市生态经济系统特征,探讨城市灾害系统的结构功能和形成机制,分析中国城市灾害风险的特征;再次,提出中国城市防灾减灾体系的建设战略,包括:确立城市安全发...