浅析如何解决“双语教学”师资短缺

本文对参加双语教学的60名学生进行调查将调查结果加以总结,就双语教学的目标、授课内容和教材的选用作了粗浅探讨。     

经济学视野中的毕业生专业对口问题实证分析

目前我国高校毕业生的专业不对口问题十分严重,从经济学的角度看,不仅浪费了部分高等教育投资,还影响了我国的高等教育收益。本文认为这个问题的产生主要是由各高校之间专业重复设置及专业设置的滞后性、国家教育制度僵化和学生专业选择的盲目性这三方面的原因形成的。建议国家要充分发挥宏观调控作用,高校应根据本校和市场实际需求情况设置专业,而个人在进行专业选择时要提前对专业各方面信息有所了解,通过高等教育的良性发展为我国经济社会的发展更好的服务。     

When Less is More: Distinguishing Between Entrepreneurial Choice and Performance

This paper uses NCDS data on individual characteristics to distinguish determinants of entrepreneurial choice, income and job generation. A new model of utility from self-employment shows that relaxing liquidity constraints could inhibit performance. Empirically, we find that a range of inheritance enhances the performance of the self-employed and increases self-employment; while higher education also increases self-employment income and job creation, but reduces the probability of self-employment. Combining these choice and performance effects, we find that education has a positive net effect on job creation, as does inheritance up to a certain threshold.     

我国高等教育个人投资风险与收益的实证研究——基于VAR模型分析

针对已有的关于教育投资的研究缺少对教育投资风险的计量和分析的现状,从高等教育投资的风险因素出发,对家庭教育的选择行为进行了实证研究。VAR动态模型的实证结果表明,在现实社会中人均教育成本的正向冲击,会给人均受教育年限带来同方向的变动;而平均工资的正向冲击,则会减少人均受教育年限。这一结论可为政府引导高等教育发展提供一定的参考。     

构建“一体两翼”创业教育模式,培养创新型人才——基于云南省高职院校的问卷调查分析

高职院校学生创业教育,是缓解就业压力,提升学生综合素养、培养服务于中国特色社会主义生产实践的合格劳动者,培养创新型人才的战略选择。本研究在实证的基础上,对云南省高职创业教育现状进行的深入的调研,并提出了适应高职特色的"一体两翼"的创业教育模式。     

Explaining influences on career ‘choice’: the case of MBA students in comparative perspective

This study explores the micro-individual, meso-institutional and relational and macro-structural level influences on career choices of MBA students from three countries, questioning the apparent dominance of ‘free choice’ in the context of persistent forms of structural constraints in career markets. The paper takes a critical perspective on career ‘choice’, acknowledging the contested nature of ‘choice’ and identifying career as a socially and historically situated phenomenon. The central hypothesis of the study is that ‘it is more likely for the MBA students to report micro-agentic or meso-instutional and relational rather than macro-structural conditions as key influences on their career choices’. The study draws on the findings of a cross-national survey on careers involving Britain, Israel and Turkey. Findings show that MBA students consider the impact of structural conditions as less significant on their career choices than their own human capital and capacity to make free choices. The study provides an understanding of the main cross-national similarities and differences in reporting of influences on career ‘choice’, and brings to bare interesting theoretical and methodological insights.     

Media,Education and Corruption: Investigating the Associations

We study the interactive association of press freedom, access to media and education with a nation's corruption levels. A free press generates unbiased information that greater access to the media helps propagate; and a greater degree of education, in the same context, helps individuals apply that information. This entire process generates a vigilant and corruption‐free economy. It is therefore important to consider these factors in conjunction.     

LIBERATE TO LEARN: EDUCATION VOUCHERS IN PAKISTAN

This paper evaluates the impact of the education vouchers scheme in low‐income urban areas of Lahore, Pakistan. The research suggests that if poor children from illiterate families are supported to get good quality education, their performance is comparable with students from richer and educated backgrounds. The findings support the contention that vouchers expand access, increase parental choice and improve the quality of schooling.     

HOW DOES FEMALE EDUCATION AFFECT FERTLITY? A STRUCTURAL MODEL FOR THE CÔTE D'IVOIRE†

This research study provides some insights into methodological issues in modeling fertility and its proximate determinants. The aim is to examine the links between female schooling and fertility in the Ivory Coast. The article first presents a brief literature review on the effect of education on fertility, describes the data and choice of econometric models, and indicates in a reduced form model the estimates of the impact of education and other socioeconomic factors on age at cohabitation and duration of breast feeding. Data are obtained from the 1986 Cote d'Ivoire Living Standards Survey among women aged 16 years or older. A probit model is used to estimate the probability of a woman having given birth at least once. The Kaplan-Meier hazard rate (Meyer's method) is used to explain women's age at cohabitation as a function of her education, personal characteristics, and local factors such as wage rates an social service infrastructure. Duration of breast feeding is explained by household characteristics as well as cohabitation explanatory variables among a subsample of women with at least one birth. Findings from the age at cohabitation models indicate that results varied with choice of the hazard models. Controls for unobserved heterogeneity were important for estimating the effects of secondary education. Econometric techniques that captured the heaping in duration of breast feeding data did not improve the fit. Both breast feeding and education were endogenous to fertility. This means that women with more children tended to marry later and breast feed longer. Findings indicate that primary schooling had a weak impact on fertility and proximate determinants. Secondary schooling had a strong impact. Women with secondary schooling cohabited 4 years later and breast fed 8 months less than non-schooled women.     

“专升本”地方本科院校转型定位研究

本文基于当前我国基本国情与国家教育主管部门相关政策,探讨了"专升本"地方本科院校在向应用型职业教育转型过程中,学校的办学理念、培养模式与考核方式,教师的知识体系与科研方向,以及学生的学习方式方法与就业方向选择等方面,如何进行转型定位。本文研究内容可为响应教育主管部门号召的"专升本"地方本科院校如何向应用型职业教育转型提供一些借鉴。     

STATE EDUCATION IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY: DEMANDED OR IMPOSED?

This article challenges the popular perception that the free market was unable to supply education to meet the needs of nineteenth-century Britain. Provision of education in fact largely accorded with parental demand, and this level of voluntary consumption was optimal for the time. Government intervention could therefore be ineffective at best, if not actively harmful.     

Return to education in Finland

This study presents estimates of the return to education in Finland using an individual-level data set that also includes ability measures and information on family background. It is found that ability test scores have a strong effect on the choice of education and on subsequent earnings. Estimating the return to education with no information on ability leads to an upward bias in the estimates. However, this bias is more than offset by a downward bias caused by endogeneity or measurement error. Instrumental variables estimates that utilize family background variables as instruments produce estimates of the return to schooling that are approximately 60% higher than the least squares estimates.     

关于开展《国际贸易实务》双语教学的几点思考

开展《国际贸易实务》专业课程双语教学是高校专业课教学改革的研究内容之一。文中主要介绍了该课程实双语教学的一些体会包括教材的选用、课堂教学组织、课程的考核方式等，并提出今后双语教学的一些设想。     

独立学院信息管理与信息系统特色专业建设研究

独立学院是普通高校为顺应高等教育大众化发展进程而诞生的一种新的办学模式,是我国高等教育事业的重要组成部分。本文从独立学院人才培养目标的选择、学科课程体系的设置、实践教学环节的规划、教师队伍的建设等五个方面进行深入的研究和探讨,提出了保障专业建设沿着健康轨道进行规范化、特色化发展的对策和建议,以期为独立学院更好地依托母体,进一步调整和优化专业建设规划,提供有益的借鉴与参考。     

The Political Control of Inflation

Monetary policy has not failed, argues Professor David Laidler, British economist now at the University of Western Ontario. The failure has been in not organising a political constituency opposed to inflation by persistent education of public opinion. This is a task for an alliance of Chicago neo-classical economics, Austrian 'anarcho-capitalism', and Virginia public choice. *     

An empirical model of a household's choice of activities

This paper analyses how households of school-age children choose to participate in the labour force, volunteer work, democratic assemblies, and child-related leisure activities. Contrary to previous studies, the model presented in this paper treats all of these household's choice of activities involving time allocation decisions as simultaneously determined. The empirical section uses qualitative data estimation techniques which permit a wide range of joint and interaction effects among the variables of the model. The results confirm the importance of time-opportunity cost variables as major determinants of household's choice of activities with the mother's education consituting a particularly important factor.     

Consultants,lawyers, and the ‘union free’ movement in the USA since the 1970s

This paper provides a qualitative analysis of the services that the anti–union consultants and law firms have provided to American employers during the past three decades and an account of the campaign tactics of several ‘superstars’ of the union–free movement. It describes a multi–million dollar industry that has helped employers to circumvent the intent of federal labour law through a vast array of union–busting tactics, implemented before the union arrives and continuing until after it is defeated: tactics that are designed, at every juncture, to undermine employees’ free choice of bargaining representatives.     

从农转工到农转居--征地安置方式的变化与成效

为了解决被征地农民的就业与生活问题,我国相继出台了农转工和农转居这两种安置方式.作者通过比较分析指出,农转工由于体制转型导一致的问题而变得举步维艰,作为其替代办法的农转居虽然正成为许多地区解决失地农民生存问题的首选方案,但许多农民通过这种方式进城面临着因其素质低下而无法就业只能"吃低保"的困境.因此,农转居不宜盲目扩大规模.与上述两种政府主导型的安置方式所不同的是,按土地市场价值经予失地农民补偿的自主择业将成为一种新的征地安置方式.     

全球化背景下大学生爱国主义教育的新思路

爱国主义教育是思想政治教育的永恒主题,在经济全球化的背景下,高校大学生的爱国情感表达具有高度的一致性,具备了更多的文化底蕴和更广阔的世界视野,但在爱国行为的选择上却呈现出个性化的色彩,我们必须把握爱国主义教育的时代性特征和要求,拓展爱国主义教育的内容,以增强大学生爱国主义教育的实效性。     

Education choice under uncertainty: Implications for public policy

We analyse how progressive taxation and education subsidies affect schooling decisions when the returns to education are stochastic. We use the theory of real options to solve the problem of education choice in a dynamic stochastic model. We show that education attainment will be an increasing function of the risk associated with education. Furthermore, this result holds regardless of the degree of risk aversion. We also show that progressive taxes will tend to increase education attainment.