乡村旅游的社区参与、居民旅游影响感知与社区归属感的关系研究——以浙江安吉乡村旅游地为例

文章通过分析国内外相关文献,运用结构方程模型（SEM）方法,构建乡村旅游的社区参与、居民旅游影响感知与社区归属感的结构方程模型,对社区参与、居民旅游影响感知与社区归属感的关系进行探讨。以浙江安吉为例,采用Amos7.0软件对模型进行参数估计和假设检验,结果表明：社区参与对旅游感知、社区归属感均具有显著的正向影响,其路径系数在0.173～0.606之间,t值介于2.042～9.954,显著性概率P小于0.001或0.05,模型所建立的因果关系与研究假设相符合,模型可以接受。同时提出乡村旅游发展的相关建议,有利于乡村旅游可持续发展。     

基于层次分析法的乡村旅游地社区参与状况评价——以北京市平谷区黄松峪乡雕窝村为例

良好的乡村旅游社区参与能够发挥多重功能:延长乡村旅游地作为旅游目的地的生命周期,为其塑造良好的旅游地形象.同时,促使当地居民的经济、生活状况得到提升和改善.因此,良好的社区参与是乡村旅游可持续发展的重要保障.文章以北京市平谷区黄松峪乡雕窝村为例,运用AHP层次分析法将社区参与复杂的内涵进行逐层分析,发挥其定量分析与定性分析相结合的优点,对乡村旅游的社区参与情况进行比较客观的评价,从社区参与的角度为乡村旅游可持续发展提供参考.     

基于TPB拓展模型的国家公园社区居民生态保护行为意愿研究——以海南热带雨林国家公园为例

国家公园社区居民参与生态保护对于推进生态文明建设至关重要。文章基于TPB模型分析框架,以海南热带雨林国家公园的社区居民为研究对象,构建了社区居民生态保护行为意愿的影响机制模型,探讨了主观规范、感知行为控制、感知价值、地方依恋对行为态度和生态保护行为意愿的影响作用。研究结果显示：社区居民的主观规范、地方依恋、感知价值对行为态度和生态保护行为意愿具有正向显著影响;社区居民的感知行为控制并未对行为态度和生态保护行为意愿产生显著的正向影响;社区居民的行为态度没有对生态保护行为意愿产生正向的显著影响。研究结果对厘清社区居民生态保护行为意愿的影响机制具有重要意义,同时也能为引导社区居民参与国家公园生态保护提供有益参考。     

香港居民对非赌场类博彩的感知和态度——基于结构方程模型的实证研究

香港的非赌场类博彩业发展成熟,可作为了解居民对于城市中非赌场类博彩感知和态度的良好案例。文章采用定量研究为主、定性研究为辅的研究方法,收集626份问卷,建立了涵盖支持度、感知影响、权力、博彩参与水平和社区依恋的结构方程模型。研究发现,居民的支持程度依次受到感知正面社会影响、博彩参与水平、社区依恋、感知负面环境和经济影响、感知负面社会影响、权力6个变量的影响。感知正面社会影响、博彩参与水平、社区依恋、权力对支持度的影响为正向,感知负面环境和经济影响、感知负面社会影响对支持度的影响为负向,负面环境和经济影响的作用小于负面社会影响。     

共享视角下乡村旅游社区居民旅游支持度的复杂性——基于fsQCA方法的分析

发展乡村旅游是实现乡村振兴的重要路径,而社区居民的旅游支持是影响乡村旅游发展的关键因素之一。文章基于共享视角,采用fsQCA方法构建了形成社区居民高水平旅游支持度的复杂因果模型,综合纳入了社区居民人口学特征、社区旅游参与相关变量及旅游共享感知等不同类型影响因素,以揭示社区居民产生高水平旅游支持度的前因条件组合及其结构关系。该文以成都市青杠树村乡村旅游社区为例,基于问卷调查结果,对旅游社区居民的旅游支持度进行复杂性分析。研究结果支持了复杂性理论的主要准则,证实了社区居民高水平旅游支持度前因条件的异质性和复杂性,获得了能促使社区居民产生高水平旅游支持度的11种前因条件组合及其所形成的复杂因果模型。研究不仅能深化学界对各影响因素与社区居民旅游支持度之间所存在的非对称因果关系的认识,还能为预测和提升乡村旅游社区居民旅游支持度的管理实践提供依据。     

政府信任、新冠风险感知与居民旅游支持度——以旅游地社会责任为调节变量

新冠肺炎疫情背景下,旅游地面临恢复旅游发展与疫情防控的双重压力。居民作为旅游地核心利益相关群体之一,其对旅游业的态度是影响旅游业恢复的重要因素。本研究以居民政府信任、新冠风险感知为前因变量,以旅游地社会责任为调节变量构建了疫情常态化背景下居民旅游支持度模型,并选取边境城市博乐市居民为调查对象,采用结构方程模型方法对本研究所构建的模型进行实证检验。研究发现：（1）居民政府信任对旅游支持度有直接正向作用,也能通过降低居民的风险感知间接正向影响居民旅游支持度;（2）旅游地社会责任对居民政府信任和风险感知之间的关系有显著正向调节作用,即居民旅游地社会责任感知会强化居民政府信任对风险感知的负向影响;（3）旅游地社会责任对居民政府信任和旅游支持度之间的关系调节作用不显著。研究表明,政府信任是疫情常态化背景下居民支持旅游发展的重要影响因素,而且旅游地社会责任会强化这一因素的重要性。     

我国城乡旅游地居民参与旅游规划与发展研究

综合国内外居民参与研究的成就,本文提出了传统型、行政主导型、居民政府共同参与型和居民全过程主导参与型等4种居民参与旅游规划与发展模式.并从城市和乡村旅游地角度,比较了中山市和四项山旅游地的居民基本特征和居民参与旅游规划与发展的差异.根据居民参与旅游规划与发展差异,四顶山旅游地采用行政主导推动型模式,中山市旅游地采取居民政府共同参与型模式.在此基础上,从政府、规划师、居民教育及信息交流4个方面提出了居民参与实施对策.     

社区居民旅游影响感知和态度的动态变化

发展旅游业是改善社区经济和居民生活质量的重要途径.当地居民参与旅游开发过程,是实现社区经济、文化、环境可持续发展的基础.文章在长期跟踪研究一个乡村旅游社区——山东省荣成市河口村(“胶东渔村”)的基础上,评估了旅游发展过程中社区居民旅游感知和态度的动态变化趋势.纵向研究结果表明:随着时间的推移,社区居民对旅游发展积极影响的感知一直保持着较高的认同,而对旅游发展消极影响的感知水平明显上升;同时,尽管大多数居民在态度上依然支持旅游业的发展,但是利益分配的冲突、产品老化带来的盈利能力的降低、当地经济发展带来的新的谋利机会、市场竞争的加剧等原因影响了当前居民参与旅游业的热情,导致社区居民“意愿-行为”之间出现较大的差距,需要引起当地管理者的高度关注,并适时调整发展策略.     

基于自组织神经网络的居民区域旅游影响感知研究——以安徽省灵璧县为例

本文以旅游资源型小城镇安徽省灵璧县为例,以居民对旅游影响的感知、态度为基础,利用自组织神经网络方法,对居民旅游影响感知进行分类研究,并对分类结果进行深入剖析.通过分类研究,把握旅游地居民感知特征,为旅游地的可持续发展、旅游规划提供依据.同时作者将分类结果与前人对不同发展阶段旅游地的分类结果进行比较分析.验证了旅游地发展阶段理论,证实了神经网络方法在居民旅游影响感知分类研究中的适用性,促进了旅游学科与更多方法的融合.     

民族村寨居民旅游影响感知对旅游支持行为的影响异质性研究

基于认知—情感—行为动态变化视角揭示旅游支持行为形成机制是新的研究探索。文章以不同旅游生命周期阶段的民族村寨居民为研究对象,利用结构方程模型探讨了旅游影响感知、地方依恋对旅游支持行为的影响异质性。研究表明：不同旅游发展阶段旅游积极感知对旅游支持行为的正向影响无显著差异,但旅游消极感知对旅游支持行为的影响存在显著差异;不同旅游发展阶段旅游积极感知和消极感知对地方依恋的影响均存在显著差异,地方依恋对旅游支持行为的正向影响也存在显著差异;不同旅游发展阶段的地方依恋在旅游影响感知和旅游支持行为之间的中介作用存在显著差异。     

高星级酒店业的信息技术“生产率悖论”研究——基于广州案例

信息技术与酒店业的结合给酒店业带来了新的发展机会.国外有大量的学者致力于信息技术投资与企业生产率及业绩之间关系的研究,但并没有一致的结论.文章通过对广州市高星级酒店的相关调查,获取了第一手数据,借助AMOS软件的验证性因子分析及SPSS软件的相关性分析和多元回归分析功能,以检验信息技术的应用对酒店业绩的影响.结果显示,信息技术“生产率悖论”在高星级酒店业内不存在,前厅应用、客人相关界面应用、餐厅及宴会管理系统及后台应用均对酒店业绩有积极的作用.其中,客人相关界面应用对酒店业绩影响最大,因此应着重投资.文章的结论将为高星级酒店业决定是否战略性地投资于信息技术或集中于某些特定领域提供重要的信息.最后,文章还对研究的局限性以及后续可以开展的研究进行了一定的展望.     

A thematic analysis of crisis management in tourism: A theoretical perspective

The hospitality and tourism industry for a variety of reasons is vulnerable to crises of various origins and scope. Thereby, research regarding crises in this industry has received significant attention among scholars. This study presents the results of a qualitative thematic analysis (TA) of the literature concerning crisis management in hospitality and tourism. A total of 207 research publications from 1986 to 2019 were analyzed. The findings revealed eight major themes that emerged in the literature over time. We critically discuss these themes with suggestions and directions for future research in this area. The study also identifies a shortage of scholarly attempt to conceptualize crisis management and thus explores the sensemaking perspective to shed further light on explaining the themes that emerged in the analysis.     

塞翁失马

若有人问,北京最美的季节是何时?人们多半会抢答道:秋!是啊,郁达夫先生曾慨叹曰:"秋天,这北国的秋天,若留得住的话,我愿把寿命的三分之二折去,换得一个三分之一的零头。"秋季,自然也成了京城旅游业的Peak Season——旺季。     

A phenomenological explication of guanxi in rural tourism management: A case study of a village in China

Drawing on hermeneutic phenomenology in tourism studies as well as Heidegger's concept of being-in-the-world, this paper reveals how tourism can and should be done in a Chinese rural village. This research contributes a contextual interpretation of guanxi in Chinese rural tourism development through an empirical study of a traditional agricultural village in China that has been transformed through tourism development. The paper argues that for the Chinese indigenous residents who are the primary actors engaged in tourism, guanxi is, neither a Confucian political ideal nor an instrumental tool, but the specific manner in which they dwell in their place. It demonstrates how the tourist destination, landscape and managerial regulation have been modified and adapted in a guanxi way. The paper suggests that an emic understanding of guanxi and the roles it plays in tourism participants' daily life is warranted and can provide a more holistic picture of tourism development in rural China.     

A review of innovation research in tourism

Over the past two decades, there has been increasing focus on the topic of innovation in tourism. This article reviews the research contributions. Various categories of innovation – product, process, managerial, marketing and institutional – are addressed. Important determinants of innovation are acknowledged, including the role of entrepreneurship, technology push and the existence of territorial industry clusters. Representation of knowledge is also identified as a critical factor for both the occurrence and nature of innovations. The review reveals that there is still only limited systematic and comparable empirical evidence of the level of innovative activities and their impacts and wider implications for destinations and national economies. An agenda for future research is emerging, suggesting that there is quest for both formal quantification and for qualitative studies of the foundations, processes, implications and policies of innovation in tourism.     

A review of restaurant research in the last two decades: A bibliometric analysis

The present paper presents the results of a bibliometric analysis of published academic research dealing with restaurants in the fields of hospitality, leisure, sport and tourism. In particular, it aims to identify the structure of relationships between previous and current themes, predict emerging trends and provide a longitudinal perspective on this research, covering the period 2000–2018. This approach provides an exhaustive analysis for the past two decades from over 700 papers.The findings show, for example, that customer satisfaction is the motor theme with the greatest impact and the study of emotions is an underdeveloped theme; interest in healthy eating is witnessing gradual growth; and brand equity, culture and innovation all constitute new research themes. The future of research dealing with restaurants will tend to focus on new emerging technologies, both in the restaurant sphere and in the context of research methodologies.     

旅游规划法律问题探析

旅游规划关系到旅游业的可持续发展，旅游规划的编制和实施需要法律的保障。本文主要运用法律解释学的方法，针对旅游规划中存在的法律问题进行了论述，并提出了解决问题的办法。     

A review of experiments in tourism and hospitality

Well-designed and executed experiments prove cause-and-effect relationships. The ability to draw causal conclusions is critical to knowledge development in any field of research. In this article, we discuss the benefits of experimental designs over alternative research approaches for the social sciences, discuss advantages and disadvantages of different types of experiments, review existing experimental studies specific to tourism and hospitality, and offer guidance to researchers who wish to conduct such studies. Properly executed experiments using actual behaviour of real stakeholders as a dependent variable lead to conclusions with high external validity. Our discussion of practical implementation issues culminates in a checklist for researchers. The article launches the Annals of Tourism Research Curated Collection on experimental research in tourism and hospitality.     

A taxonomy of creative tourists in creative tourism

This study aims to characterize creative tourists and their perceptions of creative experiences at tourism sites. Creative tourists are active co-creators of their experiences; hence, they should be treated as a heterogeneous group of co-producers who have subjective opinions and feelings toward their creative experiences. The existing literature suggests that a creative experience is constructed by ‘inner reflections’, which include not only ‘consciousness/awareness’, ‘needs/motivations’ and ‘creativity’, but also ‘outer interactions’ which refer to ‘environment’, ‘people’ and ‘activity’ (Tan, Kung, & Luh, 2013). However, how a particular mix of factors interact and define an individual's perceptions of a creative experience may vary among different types of creative tourists. Q methodology was used to reveal the tourists' inherent subjectivity of creative experiences with regard to the constructions of personal meaning. Five distinct groups of creative tourists were identified: novelty-seekers, knowledge and skills learners, those who are aware of their travel partners' growth, those who are aware of green issues, and the relax and leisure type. Each consists of a different composition of factors which can provide new insights into how different creative tourists construct their personal creative experiences at these sites.