欧洲主权债务危机的货币传导路径及本质北大核心CSSCI

债务危机的本质是一种货币现象,货币的本质是信用和利益分配的工具。在欧元区的政治框架下,二者具有难以克服的内在冲突,这是欧洲主权债务面临的根本性难题。欧债危机的传导路径可简单归结为:欧元国际化要求统一的货币政策,欧洲央行统一的货币政策导致欧元区各国财政政策与之不匹配,欧元区各国宏观调控政策失效引发一系列经济问题,政府救助措施不力最终引发欧债危机。由这一欧债危机的货币传导路径可以看出,欧债危机的本质是货币危机,是欧元危机,其根源是信用危机。     

欧元区债务危机的原因与启示

近1年来,欧元区希腊、爱尔兰、意大利、西班牙、葡萄牙等国相继爆发债务危机,欧元区解决危机的措施和行动效果不佳,欧洲主权债务问题不断升温。本文从欧元区各国社会经济发展模式的差异以及欧元区统一货币政策与分散财政政策的矛盾等角度,揭示欧债危机蔓延及欧央行救援行动难以奏效的原因,总结梳理欧债危机对我国的启示,提出我国应对主权债...     

欧债危机短期无虞 长期堪忧

短期看,欧债危机失控的可能性不大。中长期看,欧元区经济低迷,财政改革进展缓慢,欧债危机彻底解决前景并不乐观一、欧债危机仍处危险期,西班牙和意大利爆发主权债务问题的可能性不能排除,而两国若出现危机将带来严重影响今年1季度,在希腊债务顺利重组、欧盟签署新财政契约、欧元区扩充救助资金规模、欧央行两轮再融资操作及欧元区批准向希腊发放第二轮贷款等积极因素推动下,欧债危机形     

欧元区多重危机的困境将取决于政治解决

当前欧元区已经陷入了银行危机、主权债务危机和增长危机组成的三重危机困境。这三重危机相互影响,债务危机导致银行危机,银行危机加重或导致债务危机,债务危机和银行危机影响了欧元区经济的增长,经济增长危机不利于债务危机和银行危机的解决。欧元区三重危机的背后是欧元区的政治危机,欧元区国家只有通过政治谈判才能纠正欧元区制度的缺陷,避免欧元区的崩溃。     

欧债危机引发的欧元区危机

欧债危机使欧元区经济陷入困境,一些国家高额主权债务问题的解决遥遥无期,欧洲银行系统性风险上升,希腊等欧元区外围国家的经济增长乏力,欧元区国家的贸易失衡使欧元区在金融危机面前显得更加脆弱。欧元区一直没能改变内部的经济差异,主要原因是缺乏调整机制。欧债危机使欧元区崩溃的可能性增大,但是欧元区肯定不会崩溃,今天的欧洲领导人一定抱有克服困难,维护欧元区存在的政治决心。     

基于技术效率视角的欧元区国家主权债务危机原因分析

本文主要从技术效率的角度分析欧债危机爆发的原因。本文首先回顾已有文献对于欧债危机的原因分析,然后测度了欧元区国家的技术效率,最后实证检验了技术效率对欧元区国家主权债务的影响。研究表明,欧元区国家技术效率差异明显,法国和德国等国家的技术效率相对较高,而爆发主权债务危机的希腊、意大利、葡萄牙以及西班牙的技术效率相对较低,位列欧元区国家最后几名;技术效率的下降会加重政府公共债务比重。首先,技术效率加剧了经济发展不平衡程度。其次,经济水平发展比较低的国家在货币一体化下倾向于发债或向其他国家政府或机构借款。最后,随着公共债务占GDP比重的不断攀升,最终引发主权债务危机。     

农产品期货难“开怀”

欧债危机尚未结束 2009年12月,全球三大评级公司相继下调希腊主权评级,拉开欧债危机序幕。随着希腊、爱尔兰、葡萄牙主权债务危机的升温。债务危机开始从欧元区外围国家向核心国家蔓延,意大利和西班牙也成为倒掉的“多米诺骨牌”之一。     

欧债危机再思考

<正>欧债危机已持续三年,形势未见好转,反而愈演愈烈,近期希腊组阁失败以及西班牙银行系统危机,使得欧洲再次成为是非焦点。一、危机背景2009年12月,全球三大信用评级机构下调希腊主权债务评级,希腊主权债务危机爆发。2010年7月国际评级机构穆迪下调葡萄牙主权信用评级,欧债危机开始向欧元区其他国家蔓延。2010年12月,穆迪大幅下调爱尔兰主权信用评级。2011年3月穆迪下调了西班牙的主权信用评级,欧债危机开始从欧元区外围国家向核心国家进一步蔓延。2011年9月,标准普尔公司将欧元     

欧洲主权债务危机的发展历程及影响分析

本文认为欧洲主权债务危机的直接原因是高赤字,根源在于欧元区经济失衡,投机炒作、救助迟疑使危机恶化,欧债危机将对国际金融市场、经济复苏、欧元地位等产生重大影响,也对中国管理主权债务、推进人民币国际化和亚洲货币合作提供了启示。     

欧元向何处去稳定还是动荡

当前欧元区经济和欧债危机形势既存在稳定因素,也存在着不稳定因素。稳定因素包括欧元区经济初步复苏,欧央行实行“准量化宽松政策”,欧盟扩大危机防火墙,欧盟和重债国降低财政赤字;而不稳定因素则包括欧盟财政统一存在困难,欧元区面临决策机制困境。文章综合分析后指出,欧元区仍面临严峻挑战,我国应加强对欧美债务危机潜在影响的预判与应对。     

Domestic Banks As Lightning Rods? Home Bias and Information during the Eurozone Crisis

European banks have been criticized for holding excessive domestic government debt during the recent Eurozone crisis, which may have intensified the diabolic loop between sovereign and bank credit risks. By using a novel bank-level data set covering the entire timeline of the Eurozone crisis, I first reconfirm that the crisis led to the reallocation of sovereign debt from foreign to domestic banks. In contrast to the recent literature focusing only on sovereign debt, I show that the banks' private-sector exposures were (at least) equally affected by the rise in home bias. Consistent with this pattern, I propose a new debt reallocation channel based on informational frictions and show that the informationally closer foreign banks increase their relative exposures when the sovereign risk rises. The effect of informational closeness is economically meaningful and robust to the use of different information measures and controls for alternative channels of sovereign debt reallocation.     

Modelling correlation dynamics of EMU sovereign debt markets during the recent turmoil

The purpose of the present study is to explicitly model the correlation dynamics of Eurozone sovereign debt markets. Our analysis runs from 2000 through 2014. Time varying correlations are derived from a dynamic conditional correlation GARCH model (t-cDCC model). We document substantial variability in correlations that is time and region-dependent. Evidence suggests that the Lehman collapse coupled with the German banks’ bailout programme and the events that followed have undermined sovereign debt integration. Moreover, sensitivity analysis provides useful insights that global and regional risk factors play pivotal role in explaining correlation structure both before and after the onset of the Eurozone sovereign debt crisis. We believe that our results entail important implications for market authorities, international fixed income portfolio diversification and asset allocation.     

Does the European Financial Stability Facility Bail Out Sovereigns or Banks? An Event Study

On May 9, 2010 euro zone countries announced the creation of the European Financial Stability Facility. This paper investigates the impact of this announcement on bank share prices, bank credit default swap (CDS) spreads, and sovereign CDS spreads. The main private beneficiaries were bank creditors. Furthermore, countries with banking systems heavily exposed to southern Europe and Ireland benefited, as evidenced by lower sovereign CDS spreads. The combined gains of bank debt holders and shareholders exceed the increase in the value of their banks’ sovereign debt exposures, suggesting that banks saw their contingent claim on the financial safety net increase in value.     

The impact of the European sovereign debt crisis on banks stocks. Some evidence of shift contagion in Europe

This paper analyzes the influence of the recent European sovereign debt crisis on banks’ equity returns for 15 countries. Our data span the period December 14th 2007 - March 8th 2013 that encompasses several episodes of economic and financial turmoil since the collapse of the subprime credit market. Our contribution to the literature is twofold. First, we use an explicit multifactor model of equity returns extended with a sovereign risk factor. Second, we adopt a Smooth Transition Regression (STR) framework that allows for an endogenous definition of crisis periods and captures the changes in parameters associated with shift contagion. We find that the negative impact of the European sovereign debt crisis on banks’ equity returns has been mostly confined to European banks, whereas U.S. banks appear to be unharmed by its direct impact and may even have benefited from it. Besides, we find some evidence of shift contagion across Europe.     

希腊主权债务危机的成因与影响

日益严重的希腊主权债务危机将希腊推向了欧元区主权债务问题的风口浪尖,由此也形成了影响欧元区稳定运行的严峻挑战。该文基于国际金融危机对希腊经济与财政运行状况的影响,分析了引起希腊主权债务危机的成因及解决途径,指出解决希腊主权债务危机除了希腊自身的努力外,依然需要国际社会尤其是欧盟的援助。从全球的角度看,其他经济体的主权债务问题也同样值得警惕和重视。     

What is the risk of European sovereign debt defaults? Fiscal space,CDS spreads and market pricing of risk

We estimate the pricing of sovereign risk for fifty countries based on fiscal space (debt/tax; deficits/tax) and other economic fundamentals over 2005–10. We focus in particular on five countries in the South-West Eurozone Periphery, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Portugal and Spain. Dynamic panel estimates show that fiscal space and other macroeconomic factors are statistically and economically important determinants of sovereign risk. However, risk-pricing of the Eurozone Periphery countries is not predicted accurately either in-sample or out-of-sample: unpredicted high spreads are evident during global crisis period, especially in 2010 when the sovereign debt crisis swept over the periphery area. We match the periphery group with five middle income countries outside Europe that were closest in terms of fiscal space during the European fiscal crisis. Eurozone Periphery default risk is priced much higher than the matched countries in 2010, even allowing for differences in fundamentals. One interpretation is that these economies switched to a “pessimistic” self-fulfilling expectational equilibrium. An alternative interpretation is that the market prices not on current but future fundamentals, expecting adjustment challenges in the Eurozone periphery to be more difficult for than the matched group of middle-income countries because of exchange rate and monetary constraints.     

欧元区国债强制引入集体行动条款的可能影响及启示

自2013年1月1日起,欧元区各国新发行且期限超过一年的国债,必须引入集体行动条款（CACs）。文章介绍分析了欧元区国债引入CACs条款的历程、CACs条款主要内容,多角度分析了其相关影响。文章指出,此次欧元区国债强制引入CACs条款,开启了发达国家大规模引入该条款先例,对债券市场特别是欧元区国债投融资可能产生重要影响,如未来出现重组,欧央行及成员国央行均可能出现损失。     

关于欧洲主权债务问题与欧元区域制度改革的思考

近来,希腊、葡萄牙、西班牙和爱尔兰等多个欧元区国家均面临主权债务违约风险。这一问题的发生,既有希腊等国自身财政管理的原因,也反映出欧元区体制中存在的一系列长期性、结构性和制度性问题。如果不能妥善解决欧元区国家的主权债务问题,不仅将拖累欧元区经济发展,也会对世界经济金融复苏造成冲击。欧洲主权债务问题的出现,对我国财政预算管理也有一定警示作用。     

News spillovers from the Greek debt crisis: Impact on the Eurozone financial sector

We examine the impact of changes in Greek sovereign yield spreads on abnormal returns of financial sector stocks for a sample of Eurozone countries, during the Greek debt crisis. We find that increases in yield spreads are associated with negative abnormal returns on financial stocks in the Portugal, Spain and Netherlands. These abnormal returns are driven in part by ratings downgrades and other unfavorable news announcements about Greece. We isolate the effects of known transmission channels–impairment of financial firms’ asset base due to cross-holdings of Greek bonds, from increases in domestic interest rates and higher funding costs. Our analysis indicates that news events lead to spillovers in excess of what can be explained by these channels of transmission.     

欧元区主权债务危机对国际金融市场的影响及启示

欧元区主权债务危机爆发两年多来,全球股市纷纷下挫、走势低迷,外汇市场也随着债务危机的延伸而跌宕起伏。旷日持久的债务危机不仅对国际金融市场造成巨大冲击,加剧了国际资本流动的频繁无序,且已导致欧洲银行体系的信用风险加大和流动性紧张等问题。欧元区主权债务危机的爆发,提醒我们要全面审视中国的主权债务问题,尤其要加强对地方政府债务的监管,以防范债务危机的发生。