Ohlson剩余收益估价模型研究综述

Ohlson剩余收益估价模型定位了会计信息与企业价值之间的关系,将会计数据融入企业价值的评估中,日益成为许多学者关注的研究领域,本文从Ohlson剩余收益估价模型前期成果、模型提出、拓展以及对模型的实证检验角度进行陈述,试图提出进一步研究的思路,以供以后的研究参考。     

公司价值评估的理论与方法探讨

公司价值评估主要是评估公司的内在价值。依据公司内在价值的定义,评估方法应是现金流量折现法。但是,在实际操作中,人们评估企业价值的方法有十几种,可以把这十几种方法划分为三大类:成本法、市场法和折现法。文章对上述三大类公司价值的估价方法的进行利弊比较研究,人们可以将三种方法结合起来使用,获得多个价值指标,然后经过比较、调整,获得评估公司的内在价值最终的价值数据。     

企业盈利水平、会计政策与权益账面价值的相关性分析

本文研究了企业所有者权益账面价值与其公允价值间的定量关系,通过对相应的计量模型进行推导并分析表明,企业的盈利水平和会计政策是影响权益会计计量价值相关性的决定性因素。在此基础上,本文对于以账面价值为基础评估权益的市场价值,以及会计信息价值相关性的经验性研究,提出了相关建议。     

企业价值评估模型比较分析

对企业价值进行评估有许多评估模型,一般可将价值评估方法分为：现金流贴现模型,即依据预期未来现金流量现值评估一项资产或公司的价值;相对估价模型,即寻找确定可比较资产,根据某个共同变量,如收入、现金流量、账面价值或者销售收入,通过可比资产的价值估计标的资产的价值;期权估价模型,即对具有期权特性的资产进行价值评估;剩余收益估值模型;经济增加值模型（EVA模型）。具体而言：     

火力发电企业会计信息质量存在问题及改进措施

会计信息是人们在经济活动过程中,运用会计理论和方法,形成的反映会计主体价值运动状况的数据和文字信息。会计信息也是企业内外部相关利益方了解企业生产管理活动、评价经营绩效、评估企业价值的主要信息来源;同时,汇总的会计信息还是国家进行宏观调控、制定经济政策的依据,是整个社会资源进行合理配置的基础。会计信息是决策者进行决策的重要依据,所以笔者从火力发电企业特点出发,分析了会计信息质量存在的问题,并提出了改进措施。     

期权定价视角下的专利权评估模型优化探究——以科技型企业为例

专利权作为蕴含在企业无形资产中极富经济增长潜力的资源,其内在价值越来越被人们所重视。文章在对B-S公式运用于专利权估价合理性和局限性分析的基础上,考虑到专利权项目的两阶段特征,建立了简单复合期权评估模型的基本构架并通过武汉某科技型企业的实例进行诠释。     

剩余收益估价模型与主流价值评估模型的比较

本文通过理论分析,将剩余收益估价模型与股利折现模型、折现现金流量模型和经济增加值模型这些主流价值评估模型进行比较,发现剩余收益估价模型较其他主流价值评估模型更具优势。     

剩余收益估价模型与主流价值评估模型的比较

本文通过理论分析,将剩余收益估价模型与股利折现模型、折现现金流量模型和经济增加值模型这些主流价值评估模型进行比较,发现剩余收益估价模型较其他主流价值评估模型更具优势。     

浅议价值评估方法

价值评估（valuation）是为衡量各种企业及企业内部经营单位、分支机构资产的市场价值而对资产或企业价值进行测算的一种经济评估方法。价值评估作为金融学的重要分析工具之一，常被用于企业的决策之中。如何科学、准确的评估资产、企业的价值已越来越被人们所重视。本文就价值评估的几种方法作一简介。一、折现现金流量估价方法折现现金流量估价方法也称折现现金流量估价模型（DCFM），是最具理论意义的估价方法，此模型最能体现企业价值的本质，同时也是其他估价方法的基础。折现现金流量这一概念最早由威廉姆斯（J·B·Wilianms）提出…     

现金流量估价技术在企业并购中的应用与分析

在企业并购中,并购企业的价值评估越来越受到人们的重视,企业价值评估过程中的一个重要环节,就是如何选择恰当的价值评估方法与模型来有效评估目标公司的价值。本文从正确理解我国企业在外资并购过程中的地位出发,探讨企业并购中存在的相关问题,引入现金流量估价技术为估价方法,为我国企业的并购活动的顺利开展,提供了值得借鉴的方法和启示。     

Accounting-based Valuation of Polish Listed Companies

This study examines the value relevance of the new accounting system in Poland. Using a model derived from the Edwards-Bell-Ohlson valuation framework, the relation of current earnings and lagged book values with the stock prices of Polish listed companies is tested. The accounting data are derived from the financial statements prepared under The Act on Accounting of 1994 , which assured a full compliance of the Polish accounting standards with the European Union directives. The results show that both current earnings and lagged book values are positively and significantly related to prices, and the magnitude of this relation is comparable to that reported in more advanced markets. Also, the incremental information content of lagged book value is greater than that of current earnings.     

The Impact of Financial Reporting Regulation on the Market Valuation of Reported Environmental Liabilities: Preliminary Evidence from US and Canadian Public Companies

This study investigates the economic consequences of four financial reporting regulations relating to environmental liability reporting in samples of 170 US and 156 Canadian public companies during the period 1984 to 1997. The study's purpose is to investigate the factors that make financial reporting regulation effective in enhancing the relevance and reliability of accounting information. Prior research provides the theory that financial reporting regulations impose costs on managers and create incentives for them to report accounting information that is relevant and unbiased. This study assesses these regulations' enforceability, which is viewed as arising from the regulator's power to enforce its regulations by sanctions or penalties. It tests whether the relation between market valuation and reported environmental liability accruals changes when the new regulations are enacted, and whether regulation with high enforceability has a more significant impact than regulation with low enforceability. This study uses a residual‐income valuation model to measure the valuation coefficient, or multiplier, on reported environmental liability accruals. Changes in this coefficient are used as indicators of changes in the market's assessment of the value relevance and bias of the reported accounting information. This study provides preliminary evidence indicating that financial reporting regulations issued by the securities market regulator and the accounting profession are associated with changes in the relation between market value and reported environmental liabilities in some cases, and suggests avenues for further international accounting research on the factors involved in financial reporting regulation's impact.     

Where Corporate Governance and Financial Analysts Affect Valuation

We examine whether corporate governance and financial analysts affect accounting-based valuation models for B and H shares traded by foreign investors in China and Hong Kong, respectively. We expect that better corporate governance and more effective analyst activity mitigate potential adverse effects on accounting valuation models generated by country-specific problems in accounting, auditing, and legal systems. We find that valuation models perform better for companies with a greater analyst following, smaller forecast errors, relatively high public ownership and a strong board structure. Valuation models and accounting numbers have only limited explanatory power and valuation role for companies with weak governance and less effective analyst performance. The findings are robust across various market value, return, unexpected return, and other accounting valuation models. The results are consistent with less informed foreign investor clienteles searching for signals of more effective analyst activity and better corporate governance mechanisms.     

The Usefulness of Earnings and Book Value for Equity Valuation in Emerging Capital Markets: Evidence From Listed Companies in the People's Republic of China

This paper examines the relative value relevance in equity valuation of two sets of accounting information of listed Chinese companies which issued the so-called B shares to foreign investors on the Chinese stock exchanges. These firms are required to prepare two sets of financial statements: one based on China's accounting regulations (domestic GAAPs) and the other based on International Accounting Standards (IASs). The study adopted the Ohlson (1995) model and used the Davidson-MacKinnon J-test to assess which one of these two competing sets of accounting information is more closely associated with the share prices. The results showed that earnings and book value reported based on IASs have greater information content than those based on domestic GAAPs. The results of yearly regression analysis generally suggested that the explanatory power of these earnings and book values for share prices increased over time.     

Equity Valuation and Current Cost Disclosures: the Case of Mexico

This study uses an accounting-based valuation model to investigate the relation between the market value of publicly traded Mexican firms and their disclosures of price-level adjusted accounting information. The model is estimated on a sample of Mexican companies during 1987–1990, when annual inflation rates in Mexico decreased from 130 per cent to 20 per cent. The results indicate that general price level-adjusted and current cost disclosures explain a significant portion of the cross-sectional variation in the market-to-book ratios of the sample firms. Further, the explanatory power of holding gains is robust to decreases in the general level of inflation, which suggests that current cost and constant peso disclosures are relevant for determining firm value over a wide range of inflation rates. These results are particularly important now since the Mexican Institute of CPAs has proposed eliminating the measurement of holding gains in order to make Mexican financial statements more comparable to US and Canadian GAAP.     

The Relevance of Financial versus Non-Financial Information for the Valuation of Venture Capital-Backed Firms

This study examines the relevance of financial and non-financial information for the valuation of venture capital (VC) investments. Based on a hand-collected data set on venture-backed start-ups in Germany, we investigate the internal due diligence documents of over 200 investment rounds. We document that balance sheet and income statement items capture as much economic content as verifiable non-financial information (e.g. team experience or the number of patents) while controlling for several deal characteristics (e.g. industry, investment round, or yearly VC fund inflows). In addition, we show that valuations based on accounting and non-accounting information yield a level of valuation accuracy that is comparable to that of publicly traded firms. Further analyses show that the industry-specific total asset multiples outperform the popular revenue multiples but lead to significantly less accurate results than those obtained from the more comprehensive valuation models. Overall, our findings might inform researchers and standard-setters of the usefulness of accounting information for investment companies and provide additional evidence to gauge the overall valuation accuracy in VC settings.     

Value relevance and the dot-com bubble of the 1990s

During the dot-com bubble of the 1990s, equity market valuation was a popular topic for investors, financial analysts and academics. Some questioned whether traditional accounting and financial information had lost its value relevance, as stocks traded at multiples of earnings well in excess of historic levels, leading Alan Greenspan to caution against “irrational exuberance.” This study examines the relation between market valuation and traditional accounting/financial information before, during and after the bubble. We confirm previous research that documents a decline in the relation between market value and traditional accounting information leading up to the bubble period. However, we also document that after the collapse of the bubble in 2000 this trend reverses. We also examine two related metrics that may provide a rational explanation for this phenomenon, including the quality of earnings, and the aggressiveness of financial analysts’ forecasts, finding some support that earnings quality may contribute to the changes in value relevance, but not the aggressiveness of analyst forecasts.     

品牌资产价值评估模型评析及改进设计

品牌资产的评估必须综合考虑财务价值要素和品牌关系要素、品牌关系的评估又必须考虑消费者的差异。在综合考虑财务和关系两种品牌资产评估视角的基础上才能对品牌资产进行准确的评估。     

从资产计价看会计信息地位被弱化的原因及其改进研究

本文主要以会计目标、资产计价、信息需求三者之间的动态关系为逻辑起点,通过对百年的资产计量属性论争和各种计价方法与经济运行关系的研究,质疑当前占主导地位的资产计价法的现实作用,引导出会计信息地位被弱化的原因,并期望以边际生产力理论解决价值在生产要素中分配的困惑。     

The Impact of Mandatory IFRS Adoption on Equity Valuation of Accounting Numbers for Security Investors in the EU

Motivated by the European Union (EU) decision to mandate application of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) to the consolidated financial statements of all EU listed firms (Regulation (EC) 1606/2002), starting in December 2005, we compare the value relevance of accounting information in 14 European countries in the year prior to and the year of the mandatory adoption of the IFRS. We focus on three accounting information items for which measurements under IFRS are likely to differ considerably from measurements under domestic accounting practices across the EU countries prior to the introduction of the international standards: goodwill, research and development expenses (R&D), and asset revaluation. These three items, selected on an a priori basis, have been shown in previous research to differ in the effect of uncertainty on their future benefits. We use valuation models that include these three variables and in addition the book value of equity and earnings. Overall, our study suggests that the adoption of the IFRS has increased the value relevance of the three accounting numbers for investors in equity securities in the EU. Association tests support our two hypotheses: (1) in the year prior to the mandatory adoption of the IFRS, the incremental value relevance to investors of the three domestic GAAP-based accounting items was greater in countries where the respective domestic standards were more compatible with the IFRS; and (2) the higher the deviation of the three domestic GAAP-based accounting items from their corresponding IFRS values, the greater the incremental value relevance to investors from the switch to IFRS. These associations prevail when considering cross-country differences in the institutional environments, which tend to provide complementary effects.