Housing prices and flood risk: An examination using spline regression

This article examines the impact of flood risk and mandatory flood insurance on property values. Using a large data set of almost 2,000 homes sold in the New Orleans, Louisiana, area from 1971 through 1986, the analysis confirms the finding of earlier studies that location in a floodplain does reduce property values. The present study, using spline variables to adjust for locational variation in the data and an improved measure of insurance cost, reveals that much of this reduction can be attributed to mandatory flood insurance coverage. Moreover, while unexpected flooding does increase the insurance cost capitalization, repeated flooding does not seem to reduce property values further.     

商业银行集成风险管理研究

单一的风险管理方式无法应对现代商业银行所面临的风险。集成风险管理成为商业银行风险管理的发展趋势。本文论述了集成风险管理的风险相关性,风险集成技术的研究,并构建了商业银行集成风险管理模型,最后指出了商业银行集成风险管理研究的不足。     

理解现代财政:公共风险的视角

理解财政,需要转换思维.表面看,财政行为是利益的分配和转移,而从实质看,财政行为是风险的分配和转移.财政通过分配和平衡风险,避免风险在某处聚集并在风险链上放大,避免了危机的产生,这实质是化解公共风险,所以财政的本质功能是通过平衡风险化解公共风险,以维护社会共同体的生存和发展.财政的基础性作用在于,只有财政有这种平衡风险的内在功能.与社会共同体面临的公共风险治理要求相匹配,是现代财政的判断标准.如果财政能够很好地平衡风险、化解公共风险,那就是现代财政;通过改革与公共风险治理要求相匹配,就是现代财政改革.新时代的现代财政改革,要立足于以下几个方面:构建大国财政体系,应对面临的全球风险挑战;织密预算的制度笼子,完善权力的财政治理体系;建立公平与效率融合的财政制度;为形成经济双循环格局"架桥铺路".     

基层商业银行合规风险管理现状、问题及改进对策

本文阐述了我国基层商业银行合规风险管理现状,分析了基层银行合规风险管理建设中存在的问题,结合银行合规风险管理的目标,提出了进一步加强商业银行合规风险管理的若干建议。     

公立医院财务风险研究

伴随我国医疗卫生体制改革的不断推进深化,公立医院作为改革主体,无论内部经营环境还是外部社会环境均发生了深刻的变化.环境的变化必然引发各种风险的产生,公立医院的生存发展正接受着前所未有的挑战和考验.医院要想在激烈的竞争中利于不败之地,必须建立健全并行之有效的财务风险识别、控制机制,加强医院的财务管理,完善医院的财务管理系统,最终达到防范医院财务风险的目的.只有准确识别面临的风险,才能有效地防范控制风险,保障医院正常运营以取得可持续性发展.     

公共价值创造与政府会计改革研究

新公共管理理论自提出以来,对削减成本、提高效率等起到了重要的作用,但是难以反映政府提供公共服务的其他价值内涵。公共价值管理模式解决了新公共管理理论过于强调技术理性的缺陷,对政府活动、政策制定和服务提供产生重大的影响,政府会计作为信息收集、价值判断和管理矫正的重要工具,其改革应以公共价值为导向,充分发挥其在公共价值创造中的重要作用。     

经济高涨期间的风险特征与治理对策

经济高涨期的金融风险容易为宏观调控部门和微观市场主体所忽视,这是因为资产价格对实体经济的影响具有非对称性,资产价格上升对市场主体的投机行为具有刺激性,并对货币供给具有吸纳效果。风险管理的关口前移比风险的事后处置更为有效,因此在经济高涨期要揭示风险,并采取切实有效措施化解风险。本研究试就经济高位运行期间风险特征,风险隐藏的原因,以及治理对策作一探讨。     

以公共风险的结构和强度重塑财政政策体系

随着我国社会、经济发展形态和发展目标的变化,财政政策体系目标和运行逻辑也需要超越建立在确定性思维基础上的凯恩斯主义分析框架,财政政策供给要根据风险权衡原理,视公共风险的结构和强度进行相机调整.在当前复杂的国内外发展环境下,财政须充分发挥作为国家治理的基础与重要支柱的作用,以应对各种不确定性作为财政政策体系运行的目标,与金融环境协调配合,在保证财政自身风险可控前提下,通过灵活多样的政策工具为经济社会注入确定性,降低风险、引导预期,使经济社会系统整体的公共风险最小化.     

Public regulatory reform and management earnings forecasts in a low private litigation environment

We examine the impact of continuous disclosure regulatory reform on the likelihood, frequency and qualitative characteristics of management earnings forecasts issued in New Zealand’s low private litigation environment. Using a sample of 720 earnings forecasts issued by 94 firms listed on the New Zealand Exchange before and after the reform (1999–2005), we provide strong evidence of significant changes in forecasting behaviour in the post‐reform period. Specifically, firms were more likely to issue earnings forecasts to pre‐empt earnings announcements and, in contrast to findings in other legal settings, those earnings forecasts exhibited higher frequency and improved qualitative characteristics (better precision and accuracy). An important implication of our findings is that public regulatory reforms may have a greater benefit in a low private litigation environment and thus add to the global debate about the effectiveness of alternative public regulatory reforms of corporate requirements.     

The market for catastrophe risk: a clinical examination

This paper examines the market for catastrophe event risk – i.e., financial claims that are linked to losses associated with natural hazards, such as hurricanes and earthquakes. Risk management theory suggests protection by insurers and other corporations against the largest cat events is most valuable. However, most insurers purchase relatively little cat reinsurance against large events, and premiums are high relative to expected losses. To understand why the theory fails, we examine transactions that look to capital markets, rather than traditional reinsurance markets, for risk-bearing capacity. We develop eight theoretical explanations and find the most compelling to be supply restrictions associated with capital market imperfections and market power exerted by traditional reinsurers.     

Public Sector Accounting Reform at Local Government Level in Indonesia

This paper describes and analyses the challenges encountered in attempting to reform public sector accounting in Indonesia, the main objective of which is to combat corruption and thus help improve governance. Our observations suggest that this reform has been seriously hindered by a lack of staff with adequate accounting skills — a problem exacerbated by the decision to continue to prepare old‐style cash‐based reports alongside the new accrual‐based reports. Our key contribution is to demonstrate the danger of rushing to copy public sector financial management techniques from quite different country contexts, especially when there are significant differences of opinion as to the appropriate design of these reforms among the influential policy‐making agencies.     

区块链技术在地方财政管理改革中的运用探究

区块链作为融合了分布式数据存储、点对点传输、共识机制、加密算法、智能合约等计算机技术的新兴应用模式,具有去中心化、数据不可篡改或重复、交易信息易于追踪和监督、交易流程公开透明等特征,为数字化时代下的财政管理改革和发展提供了新的思路和方向。本文在分析区块链技术特征的基础上,探究其在地方财政管理改革中的运用,为优化地方财政会计信息质量和预算编制流程、提高财政资金的使用效率、确保财政资金的合理合规使用和全流程可控、增加财政预决算信息公开透明度提出相关方案和建议。     

对高校公共事业管理课程教学改革的思考

公共事业管理课程是一门理论性和实践性都很强的课程,在公共事业管理专业课程体系中占有很重要的地位,是该专业的核心和专业主干课程。因此,公共事业管理课程教学改革也成为提高本专业人才培养素质的重要环节。本文针对当前公共事业管理课程教学的现状,从提高学生专业素质的视角,在教学目标、教学管理、教学内容、教学方法等方面对我校公共事业管理课程提出了一个全方位的教学改革思路。     

Development and freedom as risk management

Amartya Sen has argued that many development and freedom measures such as health, education, political and civil liberties are important constituents of human welfare. We concur with Sen and conjecture that an important reason these measures affect human welfare is because they allow individuals to better cope with risk and uncertainty that cannot be hedged using market based insurance mechanisms. We find some empirical support for this conjecture in that the volatility of consumption growth appears to be negatively related to life expectancy, political rights, and property rights (but is positively related to the rate of literacy) after controlling for the size of the country, per capita income, and openness to trade and capital flows, (which, as one would expect, also reduce consumption growth volatility) in cross-country panel regressions.     

河北省财政运行风险及防范对策研究

近年来,面对经济社会各领域公共风险,河北财政通过减收、增支、加债等方式,有效防控了公共风险的暴发,全省财政经济运行整体平稳,但也导致财政自身风险的累积,体现在财政收入持续增长后劲不足、财政支出保障难度逐步增加、地方政府债务风险存有隐患、其他领域风险趋向财政转移等.防控地方财政经济运行风险,需要充分发挥财政职能,加强财源建设,推动财政收入持续增长;调整支出方向,确保地方财政平稳运行;完善管理机制,防范地方政府债务风险;深化体制改革,消除财政风险转移隐患.     

Capital Charging as a VFM Tool in Public Services

This article provides an overview of the key findings and reflections of a detailed, two year comparative study examining experiences with, and without, New Public Financial Management (NPFM) reforms in eleven different countries. The study highlights the problems of trying to explain such developments through simplistic explanatory variables and emphasises the need for alternative modes of analysis more closely rooted in the different national traditions and values associated with the provision of public services.     

Tax risk management and the multinational enterprise

The financial scandals in the United States and other countries ushered in financial reporting and corporate governance reforms that extend beyond the U.S. Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX). These initiatives have increased the international financial community's awareness of the importance of risk management and internal controls. Tax risk management and related internal controls have been accorded less focus than risk management generally. The purpose of this research is to describe the current state of tax risk management of multinational enterprises (MNEs) by reporting survey responses from chief financial officers (CFOs) of U.S. and non-U.S. MNEs. The research shows that significant progress has been made by large MNEs in developing and implementing both general and tax risk management policies. The results provide guidance in identifying the loci and impact of organizational tax risk and indicate that respondents do not perceive alarming degrees of tax risk in their organizations. The study reveals a remarkable degree of similarity in U.S. and foreign firm responses and demonstrates, unexpectedly, that existing reporting structures enable CFOs to shift a significant degree of tax risk management to heads of tax.     

财政改革要与经济发展同步——“十四五”时期中国财政前瞻与2021积极财政政策解读

我国“十四五”时期财政收入基础和税源分布将发生持续性的重大变化,经济增长的有利因素包括居民收入增加、消费扩大、服务业上升、数字经济成长等,但风险因素更加不容忽视,财政将面临收入增长减速、支出需要增加、债务进一步扩张的多重压力,可持续性将明显承压。本文指出财税体制的改革速度亟待与经济发展的趋势与速度同步,提出财政可持续的若干建议,并就2021年财政政策进行解读。     

疫情防控常态化背景下武汉市财政支持韧性社区构建的思考

面对百年未有之大变局和“十四五”规划的重要时期,反思疫情常态化防控下的社区基层治理问题,探索财政发力的路径,成为当前亟待解决的重大问题.文章从风险治理视角,立足于“韧性社区”基本特征,大胆尝试以“蜂巢”模型说明城市与社区之间、社区与财政之间的关系,并对武汉市自2012年以来韧性社区建设情况进行分析,剖析构建韧性社区过程中财政存在的体制机制问题及原因,就如何疏通当前财政高质量发展的堵点,提出以财政适当集权和社区经济放权改革来实现财政供给与社区需求的动态平衡的可操作性建议,以期为财政“十四五”规划提供一些借鉴和参考.