Does global value chain participation improve firm productivity? A study of selected ASEAN developing countries

This paper examines the impact of local firms’ participation in global value chains (GVCs) on productivity by considering three different patterns of GVC participation. We conducted a DID-PSM estimation involving three countries, Indonesia, the Philippines, and Vietnam, and 17 manufacturing sectors in 2009 and 2015 in a panel framework. We found an endogenous relationship between firm productivity and GVC participation: firms that enter GVCs have high productivity before participating in the GVCs (selection effect), and only Indonesian firms that entered GVCs had high productivity growth after joining GVCs (learning effect). These two effects were only found for firms that both import intermediate goods and export output and not for firms that only either import or export. We also found that indirect exporting does not improve a local firm's productivity. Several recommendations are made to help firms and governments facilitate the participation of firms in GVCs.     

全球价值链重构的动因与方式

自2008年金融危机发生以后,伴随世界经济增长下降的是世界贸易的萎缩,导致贸易崩溃的根由就在于全球价值链对贸易的影响,融入全球价值链的新兴国家自然也深受其害,贸易对经济增长的引领作用反成为衰退的导火索。本文从理论角度对全球价值链重构问题进行了考察,全球价值链起因于比较优势与规模经济等因素,全球金融危机后这些因素已有较大变化,全球价值链出现了重构的倾向。价值链中贸易供应的分散可能成为一种趋势,本文从成本、"再工业化"、技术、新兴经济体、需求五方面分析了价值链重构的动因,并指出价值链重构可能的两种方式———水平重构与垂直重构。     

基于全球价值链的西安高新技术产业集群升级路径

产业集群的升级问题,是一个内功与外力共同作用结果,西安高新技术产业集群嵌入全球价值链驱动力是生产者驱动,治理模式已由关系型向领导型治理模式转变,但存在着切入点被锁定在价值链的低端、创新能力较弱、科研与经济没有有效结合等方面的升级压力,西安高新技术产业集群要获取全球价值链上更高附加值环节的目标,必须从功能性升级、产品升级逐步转换到工艺流程升级。     

基于全球价值链视角的IT制造业集群的升级研究——以苏州为例

目前,国内外对产业集群升级问题的研究比较多,但是仍然缺乏专项研究.在经济全球化、信息化、网络化以及国际分工日益深化的背景下,如何有效地嵌入全球价值链条,实现制造业的可持续性升级和国际竞争力的提升有着重要的理论和现实意义.基于此,文章以苏州IT制造业集群为例,系统地从全球价值链视角--链式思维对苏州IT制造业集群的升级问题做了探讨.     

Dawn of Industrialisation? The Indonesian Automotive Industry

This article traces the development of industrial policy towards the Indonesian motor industry within the automotive global value chain. Showing the current dominance of Japanese motor assemblers in Indonesia, it notes the rather undeveloped nature of the locally owned supporting industry, particularly compared with that of neighbouring Thailand. Most investment in auto-parts production has been by foreigners. Nevertheless, Indonesia's rapid domestic-market growth has allowed it to attract foreign automotive investment without having to offer excessively generous incentives. While the continued entry of foreign suppliers of auto parts into Indonesia offers opportunities for local suppliers to upgrade their productive capabilities, it also limits their chances of becoming first-tier suppliers themselves. Japanese automotive investors are optimistic about Indonesia's export potential, more so than Malaysia's.     

制造业投入服务化对企业价格加成率的影响:基于全球价值链视角

利用中国工业企业数据库与WIOD数据库,测算中国制造业出口内涵的服务投入增值率与企业价格加成率,实证检验全球价值链视角下的制造业投入服务化对企业价格加成率的影响。研究发现:从整体来看,全球价值链视角下的制造业投入服务化促进了企业价格加成率的提升。异质性检验表明,国内服务投入、运输、信息和通信,以及专业科学技术服务投入的增强有助于企业价格加成率的提升,制造业投入服务化对东部和中部地区、出口企业、民营和外资企业价格加成率的促进作用更强。进一步研究发现,成本降低和技术创新是制造业投入服务化提高企业价格加成率的可能渠道。     

全球价值链视角下的模具产业集群园区创新体系研究——以台州模具产业集群园区为例

在经济全球化的背景下,由于交通和通信技术的迅猛发展,劳动力和资本等生产要素跨国界流动更加显著。中国的产业集群在全球产业的背景下如何适应全球化的挑战,如何实现产业转型升级正是我们要研究的课题。文章从台州的区域经济特点出发,选择台州模具产业集群园区作为重点解剖对象,从多个视角分析集群产业园区对增强集群创新能力的作用。基于台州产业集群的特点,要注重台州区域主导产业的发展和升级及集群内部结构的优化和调整。     

数字贸易壁垒对全球价值链的影响

在数字化背景下诞生的数字贸易是一种新兴的贸易模式,其以数字技术为基础,通过贸易方式的数字化或是贸易对象数字化得以转型。数字贸易在解决时空局限的同时也引现了数字贸易壁垒,成为经济全球化进程中的一大障碍。破除数字贸易壁垒,推动全球数字经济协同发展,对优化全球价值链、提升国际贸易效率具有重要意义。为此,着重从数字贸易壁垒与全球价值链之间的关系入手,构建相关理论模型,探讨在“逆全球化”背景下的中国数字贸易发展趋势,并针对这些问题,提出相应对策。     

数字贸易壁垒对全球价值链的影响

在数字化背景下诞生的数字贸易是一种新兴的贸易模式,其以数字技术为基础,通过贸易方式的数字化或是贸易对象数字化得以转型。数字贸易在解决时空局限的同时也引现了数字贸易壁垒,成为经济全球化进程中的一大障碍。破除数字贸易壁垒,推动全球数字经济协同发展,对优化全球价值链、提升国际贸易效率具有重要意义。为此,着重从数字贸易壁垒与全球价值链之间的关系入手,构建相关理论模型,探讨在“逆全球化”背景下的中国数字贸易发展趋势,并针对这些问题,提出相应对策。     

金融危机后中国加工贸易产业转型升级问题研究——基于全球价值链视角

本文利用全球价值链升级理论,在系统界定加工贸易转型升级内涵的基础上,依据相关统计资料和问卷调查结果,对中国加工贸易的现状和金融危机后升级的挑战进行了分析,结果表明,中国加工贸易已经形成了比较好的升级态势,但总体来说还处于"微笑贫苦陷阱",加上金融危机的冲击以及本土加工企业自主研发和技术吸收能力较低等,使我国加工贸易面临着进一步升级的严峻挑战。为此,本文提出了进一步升级的相关建议。     

Do Asian Countries Upgrade in Global Value Chains? A Novel Approach and Empirical Evidence

This paper examines the move into upstream and downstream global value chain (GVC) activities by 11 Asian countries. We use international input–output tables in combination with employment data and measure the number of workers in each country involved in manufactures GVC. Jobs are classified by business function based on occupational information, such as R&D, fabrication, logistics, sales and marketing. In most Asian countries, we find a faster employment increase in R&D and other support services relative to fabrication activities between 2000 and 2011. However, the participation in GVC and the pace of upgrading appears to differ substantially across Asian countries. We use a structural decomposition method to explore the role of trade, consumption and technological change in accounting for changes in countries' involvement in GVC.