Some demographic and economic aspects of Third World and First World urbanization and the economic implications thereof for South Africa

"This paper analyses various demographic and economic features of the urbanization process that is taking place in Third World (developing) and First World (developed) countries. A comparison of some demographic and economic differences between contemporary Third World urbanization and First World urbanization at a comparable stage of development is made. The aim is to see what South African urbanization can learn from the comparison between Third and First World urbanization."     

世界银行监察组的作用及其实践研究

随着世界银行的活动范围不断扩大,它通过贷款的形式参与成员国国内的社会经济建设,影响了成员国平民百姓的生活。如果平民百姓的生活受到不利影响,世界银行就得承担责任,监督世界银行承担责任的监察组就应运而生。世行是在我国许多地区有着重要贷款业务的国际金融组织。它的监察组的监督作用对我国利用世行的贷款有着直接而且重要的影响。     

The role of savings in economic development the U.S. and Japanese experiences

This paper explores the relationship between savings and growth in the United States and in Japan within a simple Granger causality framework. For Japan, growth caused savings before World War II while after World War II savings caused growth. For the US, growth caused savings after World War II. These results suggest that the savings-growth relationship may depend upon the stage of development.     

绿色世园绿色青岛

申办之旅,将绿色融入碧海蓝天 早在2007年,中共青岛市委、市政府在谋划后奥运时代经济社会发展战略时就提出,要积极申办世界园艺博览会,使其成为接续奥运影响力、持续提升城市竞争力的重要载体. 2009年4月24日,青岛市政府正式向山东省政府提出申办201 4年世界园艺博览会.2009年5月11日,山东省政府批复同意青岛市申办2014年世界园艺博览会.中共山东省委书记姜异康专门致函国家林业局局长贾治邦,表示"青岛有条件、有能力办好一届有特色、高水平的世园会".     

青岛成功获得世界杯帆船赛亚洲站举办权

“青岛成功申办2013、2014年世界杯帆船赛亚洲站比赛”近日成为最热门话题——青岛成功获得世界杯帆船赛亚洲站举力收,已成为2013、2014年世界杯帆船赛第四赛站举办地将分别于2013年10月12日至19日和2014年10月11日至18日举办两届世界杯帆船赛——意味着青岛与澳大利亚墨尔本、西班牙帕尔马和法国耶尔齐名,成为世界杯帆船赛举办地。     

世博会对长三角城市会展格局新变化的影响研究

世博会不仅对上海经济的发展是一个重大机遇,而且对有效推进＂长三角＂各城市会展经济发展,使得中国经济迅速摆脱金融危机所造成的影响,具有重要的意义。文章从世博会给＂长三角＂城市会展格局所带来新的变化,形成新的分工格局等方面进行分析,得出制约世博会成功举办的各种因素;提出了合理的对策和建议。     

从世博会看中国形象变迁

世博会是一项展示人类在社会、经济、文化、科技等领域所取得成就的世界最高级别的博览会,也是各国展示国家形象的大舞台.中国与世博会的关系源远流长,本文截取中国在晚清、民国和新中国三个历史时期参加世博会的史实,从中窥探出中国国家形象在这一百多年间的变迁.     

世博会主题与上海市市域“生态-经济-社会”复合系统建设问题

"生态-经济-社会"复合系统是将生态系统、经济系统和社会系统三大亚系统整合起来的复杂系统,是可持续发展战略的必然选择.文章在回顾世界博览会发展过程的基础之上,总结出世界博览会的主题已由传统经济中心论向"生态-经济-社会"复合系统可持续发展论过渡演变,结合上海市市域"生态-经济-社会"复合系统在运转过程中存在的现实问题,阐述了2010年世博会对上海市市域"生态-经济-社会"复合系统的一些影响,并据此提出了一些关于上海市市域"生态-经济-社会"复合系统对2010年世博会的响应对策及与之协调发展的战略措施.     

中、美世界自然遗产旅游资源管理的差异及其启示

有效管理是当前我国世界自然遗产资源管理所面临的最为重要的问题之一。美国是世界自然遗产资源管理最为成功的国家。本文动态地比较分析了中、美世界自然遗产资源管理演进的历史过程,揭示了中、美两国在世界自然遗产资源管理体制与管理方式存在的差异,并在此基础上,总结了美国在世界自然遗产资源管理留给我们的诸多有益启示,旨在提高我国在世界自然遗产资源管理水平,促进中国的世界自然遗产资源可持续发展。     

Global value chains and technology transfer: new evidence from developing countries

Review of World Economics - International trade has long been considered a channel of technology transfer. This paper draws from the World Bank’s Enterprise Surveys to provide a sample of 18...     

“克利伯”结缘青岛

因为啤酒而闻名于世的青岛在举办过2009年奥帆赛后,又有了一个浪漫的新称呼：中国帆船之都。而这个金字招牌的得来与克利伯环球帆船赛和青岛的结缘不无关系,从某种意义上说,正是克利伯环球帆船赛在2005-2006和2007-2008两个赛季两度造访青岛,     

年轮驶过属于英国的记忆

7月的伦敦奥运会让世界的目光再一次聚焦在这个多元开放的“世界园林国”。为了迎接奥运的到来，伦敦斥巨资修整其风景园林，为让游客感受伦敦英国风景园林的魅力。从最辉煌的时代到今天，英国遗留下了各个时代的历史痕迹。在英国，处处可见古老宏伟的建筑、道路，但这些都足以见证其历史上的丰功伟绩。许多奇迹被历史所雕刻，英国历经百年曲折历程，许多传奇伴随着岁月愈加显得历久弥新，就像一条时间里的长河，它的过去和未来，苍茫而新鲜。这个曾经地处边缘的小国，却在历史性的转变中抢占到先机，     

世界杯，与你再相遇：再相遇的微笑——2014国际帆联世界杯帆船青岛站比赛圆满落幕

2013年，国际帆联世界杯帆船赛首次与青岛相遇，开启了这项赛事的“亚洲之旅”。2014年，世界杯再次与青岛牵手。碰撞出热情、融洽的火花，让10月的青岛再次绽放光芒。 作为国际帆联年度重要赛事之一，创办于2008年12月的世界杯帆船赛是奥运会级别的帆船赛事。由于其比赛结果计入参赛选手在国际帆联的个人积分，因此每站比赛都能吸引众多帆船高手争相参加。 2014年，第二次来到青岛的世界杯帆船赛，增添了“亚洲之行”的美妙记忆,也让青岛再次站上了世界帆船界的舞台。     

Multinational corporations and economic nationalism: Conflict over resource development in Canada

Faced with rising Third World nationalism, multinational corporations engaged in resource exploitation are turning back to higher cost but apparently politically more secure investments in the industrialized states. To what extent does the dynamic of government– resource industry relations in an industrialized setting differ from the pattern observed in the Third World? To answer this question the article analyses the decision to nationalize the potash industry in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan using models of host government–MNC conflict developed by Vernon, Mikesell and Moran to study Third World cases. The research suggests that the dynamic logic of government-industry conflict in a developed country setting is very similar to the pattern observed in the Third World. The decentralized Canadian federation, the ideology of the party in power in Saskatchewan and the nature of the potash industry combine to structure a situation in which coercive nationalization of a resource industry was seen as the only policy option.     

Robustness of Forecasting Financial Crises in Emerging Market Economies with Data Revisions—A Note

Data revisions routinely introduced by the World Bank can lead to significant revisions in empirical results. We show this by re-estimating our aggregate indicator for predicting the 1997 Asian crisis utilizing the 1999 and 2004 updates of the 1996 World Bank data and comparing these results to those we obtained (this Journal, 2000) for predicting the same event using the original, unrevised, 1996 World Bank data. Since most data-gathering organizations routinely revise their data, this may represent a much greater problem for policy makers than might be recognized.     

“第三世界国家”的困境及出路

"第三世界"国家是指分布于亚非拉广大地区区别于发达国家的国家群体。世纪之初,第三世界国家遭受了发展的种种瓶颈。第三世界国家的困境及出路值得关注。     

The South African city in relation to international city form

South Africa's apartheid‐induced cities are on the threshold of a critical restructuring in the changing South Africa of the 1990s. The reform and planning of an effective post‐apartheid city require careful consideration of possible international similarities and links. This article seeks to provide answers to the following questions: What are the form and structure of international cities; what are the general characteristics of the South African city; and where do our cities fit in this international framework? Research has shown that the South African city corresponds to a multi‐faceted international profile of First World prosperity. Second World central intervention and Third World deprivation. While the South African city displays numerous similarities to international city form, it has obtained a unique character as a result of the legal enforcement of apartheid. Restructuring the post‐apartheid city will have to take account of the reality that the present South African city is intrinsically a deviant version of the colonial Third World city and that it is likely to revert increasingly to that city form as legal apartheid disappears.     

Coping with poverty in international assistance policy: An evaluation of spatially integrated investment strategies

International assistance agencies have turned increasingly to integrated rural development policies in an attempt to ameliorate the inequitable distribution of economic growth plaguing Third World nations since World War II. This paper reviews the functionally and spatially integrated investment strategies of the World Bank, USAID and the United Nations, outlines their objectives, perceptions of the problem, basic assumptions and programmes, and evaluates them in terms of potential difficulties for implementation. Those factors crucial to making integrated development policies operational — knowledge of human ecosystems in rural areas, analytical ability, operational procedures, arrangements for local participation, subsistence systems indicators and administrative capacity of local and national governments — are discussed and assessed.     

The ‘Basic Needs’ approach to development vs the new international economic order: The significance of Third World industrialization

The question has recently been raised whether the basic needs approach to development conflicts with Third World aspirations for faster industrialization and the establishment of the New International Economic Order. This paper argues: (a) That to meet the basic needs of the poor in the Third World on a sustainable basis, it is necessary to transform its productive structures. In this transformation modern industry (including in most cases an appropriate capital goods industry) must play a central role. (b) That a properly conceived basic needs strategy should in general positively aid Third World industrial development. The paper concludes that accelerated industrialization and a substantially redistributive fiscal policy must be the two pillars of any effective basic needs programme.     

西欧跨越中等收入陷阱:理论分析与历史经验

从历史发展进程来看,西欧曾经落入中等收入陷阱,时间跨度大约是一战之前到二战结束。在"量"上表现为人均GDP处于3000～6000美元区间内,从"质"上表现为经济增长迟滞、技术进步缓慢、两级分化加剧、社会问题丛生等不利局面。西欧落入中等收入陷阱的原因是工业化生产方式变迁所带来的社会问题缺乏相应的社会保护机制化解。二战之后,经过第三次产业革命以及社会民主化的社会政治改革,通过重构社会保护机制和建设福利国家,西欧重新获得了经济增长的动力,摆脱了中等收入陷阱。