证券电子商务平台的设计与实现

证券电子商务是指电子商务在证券领域的应用。狭义地说，证券电子商务是指以互联网为基础平台的网上证券交易。广义地说，证券电子商务是利用先进的信息技术，依托互联网、无线通信网、有线电视网等现代化的数字媒体，以在线方式开展传统证券市场上的各种业务，并在此过程中实现多种业务的创新。     

网上证券交易与投资者投资行为

网上证券交易自20世纪80年代在美国出现后,发展迅速,已在全球主要的证券市场占据了重要地位。美国1999年底网上交易账户超过1200万,网上交易额占零售交易总额的近50%。我国2002年底网上交易账户超过500万,占证券市场账户总数的14.78%,2002全年网上交易总额达到5230亿元,占总成交额的8.99%。网上交易正逐步取代传统的交易方式成为证券市场的主要交易方式。一、网上证券交易模式与传统交易模式的比较投资者的投资决策以掌握的各种信息为依据,而互联网的发展使金融信息的传递方式发生了深刻的变化,进一步拓展了投资者获取信息的渠道。传统交易…     

试析网上证券交易侵权责任的归责原则

网上证券交易作为证券交易的一种交易形式,在给证券交易带来便利和快捷的同时,也给相应的立法和司法提出了新的需求和问题。作为网上证券交易发展历史较短的我国,随着网上证券交易的实践逐步增多,其中的民事侵权行为也开始出现,而对网上证券交易侵权责任归责原则的认识是对侵权行为认定的核心,对民事侵权的立法和司法显得尤为重要。本文对我国网上证券交易侵权责任归责原则进行探讨,以期对我国网上证券交易侵权责任的认定、民事侵权制度的完善及我国网上证券交易民事侵权的实践起到积极的推动作用。     

网上证券交易的信息服务与风险防范

目前证券公司都在充分运用网上交易开拓电子商务,希望能在新的网络市场竞争中占有一席之地。他们建立的网站在外观、操作性与信息服务等方面各有千秋,在网上证券交易的诸多因素中,信息服务和风险防范的重要性日益凸显。一、信息服务功能实现网上交易的基础是信息服务。证券交易     

网上证券交易并非e路平坦

网上证券交易,是指证券投资者利用综合网络资源(同时包括互联网、移动通信网、声讯网等)获取全面个人证券服务的业务和业务系统。网上证券交易系统一般提供及时行情、金融资讯、下单、查询成交回报、资金划转等一体化服务。整个系统必须由电信、券商、银行协作完成。与传统的证券交易方式相比,网上证券交易具有交易成本低、即时成交、信息透明等特点,使证券市场的流动性与连续性、信息的公开性与透明性、服务的快捷性与方便性能够更快更好地实现。因此,网上证券交易一出现就以迅雷不及掩耳之势飞速发展。美国嘉信理财(Charles Schwab)公司于1995年推出世界上第一个互联网在线     

网上证券交易的风险防范与监管策略

网上证券交易是投资者利用互联网资源进行的与证券交易相关的活动，网上证券交易与传统证券交易在风险防范与监管方面有很大不同，需要认真研究。     

我国网上证券经纪公司的设立与运作

网上证券交易方式正逐渐为广大投资者所认同和接受，网上证券交易呈现可喜的发展态势。国内的证券公司纷纷投入巨资拓展网上证券交易，IT公司等进入网上证券交易市场的意愿日益高涨，网上证券经纪公司呼之欲出。……     

我国网上证券交易的现存问题及加入WTO后的竞争模式

随着网络技术的发展和电脑网络的普及,网上证券交易成为券商未来竞争焦点。2001年第一季度,美国的网上证券交易已经超过证券总交易量的25%,占散户交易的40%以上,通过互联网进行证券投资的     

论完善我国网上证券交易立法

我国的网上证券交易仅限于网上证券委托交易阶段,网上证券的立法也不尽成熟,目前我国尚无一部规范网上交易的基本法,有关网上证券交易的规定散见于一些法律、行政法规、部门规章和司法解释中。为此,应尽快健全网上证券交易的立法体系,在立法内容上应对证券公司设置必要的市场准入条件,建立电子签名及其认证制度,明确证券公司向投资者披露信息的内容和方式,按过错责任原则追究有关当事人的法律责任,当事人之间发生争议而未约定管辖法院时应由证券公司所在地法院行使管辖权。     

对我国金融信息网络安全问题的思考

金融是国民经济的命脉,它直接关系到一个国家的经济能否正常运行。随着信息时代的到来,电子商务、网络经济将成为新世纪的主要交易方式和经济模式,金融行业新业务、新产品层出不穷,如电子货币、网上支付、网上银行、网上证券交易、网上保险等,而网络系统的安全则是网上业务开展的基本前提。     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.     

浅议金融机构的举证责任

金融纠纷案件是当事人以存单或进账单、对账单、存款合同、保险单、票据、证券等凭证为主要证据向人民法院提出诉讼的案件,对于不同种类金融纠纷的当事人的举证责任,我国现行的金融法律、法规及司法解释有不同的规定。由于金融机构的特殊法律地位,发生金融纠纷时存在有关当事人将最后偿付风险转移给金融机构承担的主观故意,在客观上会使金融机构难以提供相应的证据来对抗不法债权人的诉讼请求,而导致金融机构败诉。为此,对金融诉讼案件中金融机构的举证责任加以研究具有重要的实践意义。     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…