分销渠道作业预算基本框架设计

分销渠道作业预算主要包括横向与纵向两个维度,横向包括关系类作业与交易类作业,纵向包括物流作业、资金作业与信息作业,整合分销渠道两个维度作业,构建分销渠道作业预算基本框架,不失为控制分销渠道成本的新思路。     

特高含水期石油开采企业作业成本控制程序设计

作业成本控制的内容包括事前、事中和事后控制,其控制程序应包括建立作业中心、制定作业成本控制标准、作业成本差异的计算与分析和作业中心的业绩评价与持续改进。     

作业成本价值系数法在企业作业链分析中的应用

本文借鉴价值工程理论,提出了作业成本价值系数分析法。通过对企业各项作业的作业成本价值系数进行分析,将作业分为高效作业与低效作业,从而为企业制定合理的成本控制措施和提高作业的效率提供理论指导。     

作业成本价值系数法在企业作业链分析中的应用

本文借鉴价值工程理论,提出了作业成本价值系数分析法.通过对企业各项作业的作业成本价值系数进行分析,将作业分为高效作业与低效作业,从而为企业制定合理的成本控制措施和提高作业的效率提供理论指导.     

作业成本法在高新技术企业的应用

一、作业成本法与高新技术企业概述(一)作业成本法的概念及基本特征作业成本法简称ABC。即基于作业的成本计算法,是指以作业为间接费用归集对象,通过资源动因的确认、计量,归集资源费用到作业上,再通过作业动因的确认计量,归集作业成本到产品或顾客上去的间接费用分配方法。作业成本法认为,作业消耗资源,成本对象耗用     

作业成本管理和成本企划的比较与融合

本文通过对作业成本管理与成本企划的优势与局限进行分析,阐述了作业成本管理与成本企划的共性与差异,探讨了融合作业成本管理与成本企划的可行性。     

探析输电线路标准化作业的系统开发及应用

在对输电线路进行作业时,要确保人身安全、设备安全以及电网安全,则实行标准化作业是一个不可缺少的基础。应用标准化作业系统,以及实行标准化的操作阶段,将能够提高检修输电线路作业的质量,并能够保证作业的安全。本文探析了输电线路标准化作业的系统开发与应用情况,应用应按照七个阶段进行标准化操作,即勘察阶段与分析阶段、检查阶段与宣讲阶段、作业实施阶段与验收阶段以及讲评阶段。     

转变经济发展方式与作业成本管理

如何采用恰当的成本管理模式获得持续的竞争优势如何采用恰当的成本管理模式获得持续的竞争优势,是企业面临的重要课题。传统的成本管理方式是一种粗放型的管理方式管理方式,无法有效地降低成本,节约资源。作业成本管理将成本计算深入到作业层次作业成本管理将成本计算深入到作业层次,对企业所有作业活动追踪并作出出动态反映作出出动态反映,进行成本链分析,为企业决策提供准确信息。当前企业应用作业成本管理时当前企业应用作业成本管理时,应遵循作业描述与定义、作业成本计算、作业改进与提高、作业业绩评价、持续改进和提高等基本程序持续改进和提高等基本程序,同时,应注意与企业战略相结合,提高企业的全员成本意识高企业的全员成本意识,注意与现行成本核算方法的衔接,遵循成本效益原则等问题。     

特种作业培训工作中存在的主要问题

<正>《中华人民共和国安全生产法》及《特种作业人员安全技术培训考核管理规定》(自2010年7月1日起施行)明确指出:"特种作业工种范围:包括电工作业、焊接与热切割作业、高处作业、制冷与空调作业、煤矿安全作业、金属非金属矿山安全作业、石油天然气安全作业、冶金(有色)生产安全作业、危险化学品安全作业、烟花爆竹安全作业、安全监管总局认定的其他作业"。     

炼油化工企业基于作业链网的分步作业成本法

炼油化工企业的各个作业之间相互联结,前后有序,呈网状结构,形成作业链网。本文以作业成本计算理论为基础,根据炼化企业的生产特点和管理要求,提出了基于作业链网的分步作业成本计算理论。通过确定作业链网、建立分步作业成本计算模型,计算各步骤与各种产品的作业成本,从而提供产品、作业成本信息以及作业链网的详细成本信息,为决策提供支持。     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Incumplimiento del salario mínimo en Europa central y oriental

En este estudio se analiza el incumplimiento del salario mínimo durante el periodo 2003–2012 en diez países de Europa central y oriental con salario mínimo obligatorio nacional. A partir de los datos de EU‐SILC y la metodología propuesta por Bhorat, Kanbur y Mayet (2013), se cuantifica la incidencia y magnitud del incumplimiento. Se realizan análisis de regresión sobre determinantes individuales, laborales y macroeconómicos. Aunque la incidencia permanece relativamente baja, los trabajadores a los que se dirigen las políticas de salario mínimo parecen los más expuestos a su incumplimiento. Con el tiempo, una mayor incidencia se asocia a una razón más alta entre salario mínimo y salario medio.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Ansätze und Ergebnisse anglo-amerikanischer M&A-Forschung

Based on a review of established U.S. management journals (1995–2003), six schools of thought are identified within the Anglo-American M&;A research: “Capital Market”, “Principal/Agent”, “Industrial Organization”, “Organizational Behavior”, “Human Resources” and “Strategic Management”. The literature review shows that the definition of M&;A success, the methods applied, and insights from empirical research differ according to the respective school of thought. Empirical studies focus on the resource combinations of merger partners, the specific circumstances of merger negotiations, and on integration management as antecedents of merger performance. Unfortunately, empirical findings have not yet provided reliable explanations for M&;A success. Based on the current state of Anglo-American M&;A research, the authors discuss implications for business practice, identify research gaps, and propose areas for future research.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

Cultural Economy Planning in Creative Cities: Discourse and Practice

While a growing body of research analyses the functional mechanisms of the cultural or creative economy, there has been little attention devoted to understanding how local governments translate this work into policy. Moreover, research in this vein focuses predominately on Richard Florida's creative class thesis rather than considering the wider body of work that may influence policy. This article seeks to develop a deeper understanding of how municipalities conceptualize and plan for the cultural economy through the lens of two cities held up as model ‘creative cities’ — Austin, Texas and Toronto, Ontario. The work pays particular attention to how the cities adopt and adapt leading theories, strategies and discourses of the cultural economy. While policy documents indicate that the cities embrace the creative city model, in practice agencies tend to adapt conventional economic development strategies for cultural economy activity and appropriate the language of the creative city for multiple purposes.     

Introduction of New Technology with a Sound Transition of the Input-Output Structure

We examine the general equilibrium repercussions associated with the introduction of new technologies, using the generalized Leontief system that allows technological substitutions. We show that an untested introduction of cost-increasing technologies in any industry may result in creating a non-productive technological structure that does not satisfy the Hawkins-Simon condition, following the autonomous dynamic adjustment process with structural transitions in the economic system. Therefore, we propose a practicable control scheme of introducing cost-increasing technologies that strictly avoids the creation of non-productive structures in all periods of structural transition, using the available information on the ex ante technological structure.     

Input/output ranges and performance: an examination of US machine tool producers

Despite the establishment of high-tech multinational enterprises (MNEs) in Ireland since the late 1950s, the country did not succeed in closing the technological gap with most of its EU counterparts. The weak National System of Innovation (NSI), and in particular low business and government R&D levels, combined with a lack of research and technology linkages between MNEs and indigenous firms, explain these poor results. However, the Shannon region in the West of the country presents some specific institutional characteristics that could theoretically make the region a strong technological enclave. The various actors in the region - i.e. the administrative, financial, political and research institutions, as well as the business organizations - have indeed infused a new type of economic development. After a brief review of the available concepts and models articulated around these actors and their interrelationships, the paper analyses whether the Shannon region, taken as an illustrative example, mirrors a specific economic and technological localized setting. The study is based on a survey of indigenous and foreign firms.