规则与规范：信用卡业务可持续发展的基础

我国信用卡业务近几年的高速发展，一方面，在促进社会发展、满足客户需求、降低社会交易费用、刺激社会消费等方面发挥了积极作用；另一方面，在制度和规则均需完善的情况下，伴随高速发展产生的行业问题、合规问题以及由此产生的社会问题等也正在快速显现。     

信用卡欺诈风险透析与防范机制

近年来,国内信用卡业务蓬勃发展,发卡量激增.在高速发展的同时,信用卡业务的风险也日益显现,信用卡欺诈案件呈不断攀升的趋势.如何在业务快速发展的同时控制风险,防止因信用卡欺诈而给持卡人、商业银行和整个社会带来危害,是发卡银行面临的一个十分严峻的问题.商业银行迫切需要建立起有效的信用卡欺诈风险防范机制.     

银行卡风险及其防范

近年来,国内信用卡业务呈逐年高速增长趋势,在高速成长过程中如何对待信用卡业务可能产生的“信用”泡沫,防范信用风险和发卡风险,提高个人和特约商户征信的良性循环发展,是当前信用卡业务中应当关注的问题。     

中国邮政储蓄银行信用卡业务发展的研究

中国邮政储蓄银行自2009年推出信用卡业务以来,用卡环境得到完善,风控机制也得了相应健全,但其中依然存在一些问题。本文根据邮政储蓄银行信用卡业务发展总结,介绍了信用卡业务在发展过程中遇到了哪些挑战,并从创新信用卡业务模式、做好新产品开发、开展信用卡业务培训工作等六方面,论述了中国邮政储蓄银行信用卡业务创新发展的具体策略。     

论商业银行信用卡业务创新策略

信用卡作为现代化电子支付和融资工具,以其方便、快捷、安全等特点在全世界获得了迅速发展.特别是在欧美等发达市场,信用卡已经成为商业银行业务品种中盈利性最强的产品之一,信用卡业务已发展成为一个独立而庞大的产业.我国信用卡产业正在从粗放式扩张向精耕细作的方向转变,处在快速成长期向成熟期转型的关键时期,但与发达国家相比,无论在发卡数量、交易额,还是在服务、技术、安全等方面,都存在着显而易见的差距.面对迅速发展的社会经济和科学技术与瞬息万变的市场,商业银行只有通过不断创新产品,持续提升服务品质,全面提高风险管控能力,才能实现信用卡业务持续、健康发展.本文通过分析我国信用卡市场发展现状及在发展中存在的问题,提出了信用卡业务创新策略.     

信用卡套现问题的再思考

我国信用卡业务经过十几年的发展,取得了很大的成就,但是信用卡套现问题却越来越严重.信用卡套现行为出现的主要原因在于:银行的考核激励机制不完善和过时的商业模式,以及利率市场化不足造成社会融资成本过高.对信用卡套现问题,应采取“疏”“堵”结合、以“疏”为主的策略,并从银行业务创新、强化外包机构责任、规范银行自身行为、加快推进利率市场化改革等方面着手,从根本上防范和制止信用卡套现行为.     

信用卡欺诈风险透析与防范机制

近年来,国内信用卡业务蓬勃发展,发卡量激增。在高速发展的同时,信用卡业务的风险也日益显现,信用卡欺诈案件呈不断攀升的趋势。如何在业务快速发展的同时控制风险,防止因信用卡欺诈而给持卡人、商业银行和整个社会带来危害,是发卡银行面临的一个十分严峻的问题。商业银行迫切需要建立起有效的信用卡欺诈风险防范机制。     

信用卡恶意透支的客观要件认定

近年来,各商业银行陆续推出自己的信用卡。一时间,信用卡市场可谓风生水起,信用卡业务也呈不断攀升之势。但信用卡大规模推向社会的同时,该业务也不无隐忧。恶意透支、拖欠还款等现象,严重影响到发卡银行的应收账款率。本刊组织了3篇有关信用卡业务的文章,内容涵盖有关信用卡的法律、管理和业务等3方面,希望业内有识之士共同探讨在我国信用卡业务迅速发展的同时,如何完善相关法律环境,创新信用卡业务,化解风险,并不断提高业务管理水平。     

商业银行信用卡监管机制比较研究北大核心SSCI

近年来,我国信用卡业务迅速发展,但商业银行信用卡监管机制不完善等因素也导致控制欺诈风险的形势越来越严峻,金融风险和社会风险随之增加。本文从信用卡营销、信用审批、用卡监控、催收及坏账处理以及收单业务等方面对国有商业银行与股份制商业银行信用卡监管机制的差异进行了分析,以探析信用卡风险上升的深层次原因,并就推动信用卡市场发展提出相关政策建议。     

国有商业银行信用卡业务规范化障碍及对策研究

信用卡业务的高速崛起,对方便客户、促进消费、减少现金流通、降低交易成本、加强反洗钱、扩大税基、促进相关产业发展产生了积极意义.本文介绍了国有商业银行信用卡业务规范化管理的主要障碍,提出了国有商业银行加强信用卡业务整合促进规范化管理的路径选择.     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.     

浅议金融机构的举证责任

金融纠纷案件是当事人以存单或进账单、对账单、存款合同、保险单、票据、证券等凭证为主要证据向人民法院提出诉讼的案件,对于不同种类金融纠纷的当事人的举证责任,我国现行的金融法律、法规及司法解释有不同的规定。由于金融机构的特殊法律地位,发生金融纠纷时存在有关当事人将最后偿付风险转移给金融机构承担的主观故意,在客观上会使金融机构难以提供相应的证据来对抗不法债权人的诉讼请求,而导致金融机构败诉。为此,对金融诉讼案件中金融机构的举证责任加以研究具有重要的实践意义。     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.