基于复杂系统理论的自适应供应链系统研究

供应链管理作为企业在复杂竞争环境中创造核心竞争能力的一种行为,具有结构、环境、行为等方面的动态、开放、突现等非线性特点,是典型的复杂系统。在分析供应链复杂性基础上提出了供应链适应能力的概念,并对供应链适应能力的驱动力进行分析,基于复杂系统理论建立了自适应供应链系统模型,以期为供应链企业的策略调整提供一种动态的方法。     

基于CAS理论的供应链系统分析

以复杂自适应系统（Complex Adaptive System,CAS）理论为基础，对供应链进行了一个全新的分析，并给出了一个基于此的供应链系统概念；利用CAS理论中的七个概念和供应链系统的对比分析，指出了实践中供应链管理存在的一些误区，并给出了一定的宏观、微观的政策指导和建议。     

Drivers and outcomes of open-standard interorganizational information systems assimilation in high-technology supply chains

In recent years, firms in high-technology supply chains have established internet-based electronic linkages with their trading partners. As a result, they have improved their ability to coordinate and synchronize shared business processes by using more complete, accurate, and timely information. These electronic linkages are based on open-standard interorganizational information systems (OSIOS), which are fundamentally different from traditional electronic data interchanges. OSIOS capture not only the technical specifications for data interchange but also the sequential steps for the execution of shared business processes. Because OSIOS are still at an early diffusion stage, it remains unclear why firms would assimilate such an innovation and whether assimilation provides firms any benefits. In this research, we develop a framework grounded on the economics of standards, institutional theory, and strategic interorganizational information systems literatures to investigate the drivers and outcomes of OSIOS assimilation in a focused context. In order to test our hypotheses based on this framework, we used data from a high-technology supply chain and employed econometrics techniques. We found that both competition asymmetry across supply chain echelons and OSIOS assimilation within supply chain echelons predict individual firms’ OSIOS assimilation. The results also suggest that firms’ supply chain dominance is both a driver and an outcome of OSIOS assimilation, highlighting a mutually reinforcing process. In addition, our study reveals boundary conditions of the hypothesized relationships. The use of multiple theoretical perspectives, a unique dataset, and innovative statistical techniques to investigate OSIOS assimilation in high-technology supply chains contributes to the body of knowledge in both the supply chain management and management of information systems disciplines.     

Antecedents of supply chain visibility in retail supply chains: A resource-based theory perspective

Although visibility has become a popular buzzword in the supply chain literature it remains an ill-defined and poorly understood concept. It is assumed that if companies across supply chains have visibility of demand, inventory levels, processes, etc., that organizational performance improves. This research explores the antecedents of high levels of supply chain visibility from a resource-based theory perspective across five different external supply chain linkages. We find that the level of visibility across these linkages differs considerably based on various contributing factors which are both technology and non-technology based. Using resource-based theory, we identify those factors that can give a sustainable competitive advantage to a supply chain linkage through a “distinctive” or high level of visibility.     

供应链管理模式下的物流跟踪系统设计

供应链管理是当今的一个重要管理模式，而物流又是供应链管理的核心。供应链管理模式的特点决定了对物流进行跟踪的必要性和可行性。因此本文对跟踪系统进行了初步的探讨。文中首先分析了供应链管理模式的特点及其对物流的影响，然后对物流跟踪的必要性，可能性，跟踪的意义，功能进行了分析，并对总体的跟踪流程和系统结构进行了初步的设计。     

基于Agent的供应链复杂系统研究

针对供应链具有不确定性和随机性的动态复杂系统,运用Agent这种崭新的技术对供应链管理复杂适应系统建模,确定供应链中各Agent的行为规则,给出了Agent的Petri网交互模型。从宏观层面描述不同节点企业之间的交互作用,通过资源流将各企业连接起来。     

基于Multi-Agent的供应链信息共享模型仿真研究

供应链是一类复杂自适应系统,作者通过对国内外供应链信息共享相关文献研究,提出应用多智能体系统和计算机仿真技术这种新的思路和方式来研究信息共享问题,并建立基于多Agent的供应链信息共享仿真模型,同时对各功能Agent进行详细描述,最后就进一步研究进行展望。     

基于ITS的供应链研究

论述了ITS对供应链的影响，总结了ITS的信息模式与行车模式，提出并阐释了复合流的概念和基于ITS的供应链结构模型，为供应链的深入研究和发展准备了一个理论基础。     

基于我国食品安全的生鲜农产品供应链管理研究

生鲜农产品供应链是以农产品为对象,围绕农产品经营核心。通过对物流、信息流、资金流的控制,协调农业生产资料供应商、农户、农产品经营者,消费者之间利益需求。以生鲜农产品的生产、流通和消费为主要对象,在对生鲜农产品供应链结构特点、供应链存在的与安全相关的问题以及两者之间关系的基础之上．提出一些措施对生鲜农产品供应链进行优化．从而提高生鲜农产品的食品安全。     

基于供应链管理信息共享的应用探讨

随着供应链管理研究的深入,供应链企业间的信息共享变得越来越重要。在论述信息共享理论及其理想运作的基础上,结合某中小企业供应链管理信息共享的实践创新,为同类供应链企业间的信息共享提供借鉴．说明我国供应链管理的信息共享能够适用于不同发展阶段和发展程度的各类企业。     

基于诺兰模型思想的军事供应链信息系统建设分析

在后勤保障领域借鉴和引入供应链管理思想，对提高后勤保障能力和效益，促进后勤保障跨越式发展提供了重要的契机和理论依据。本文引入诺兰模型思想对军事供应链信息系统建设的发展规模进行了初步研究，提出了自己的观点，旨在为军事供应链信息系统建设与发展提供理论依据。     

电脑行业需求链管理模式创新的分析与比较

以需求链管理理论为基础分析惠普、戴尔和联想电脑公司供应链现状,提出一体型需求链管理模式、聚合型需求链管理模式、无缝型需求链管理模式三种典型模式,并从信息流、物流、成本流(资金流)、价值流及服务流五个方面对三家企业的需求链管理模式进行比较,以帮助电脑行业建立有效的以需求链管理为核心的供应链管理创新模式。     

Robust planning: a new paradigm for demand chain planning

This paper proposes a new paradigm for tactical demand chain planning (DCP), called robust planning, based on risk assessment of the supply and demand chain. The concepts of supply chain management (SCM), and its extension demand chain management (DCM), have been at the center of much recent research. One of the reasons for this is that, over the last years, a significant number of information systems have emerged, which claim to support the concept. The paper argues that these systems mostly adopt a myopic view of planning, based on pure deterministic planning methods. It demonstrates that such an approach fails to coop with the considerable uncertainty of the planning information. The proposed robust planning paradigm is then introduced and its impact explained, using the well-known example of the beer game. It holds the promise of reducing the number of re-planning cycles, through a better characterization of the expected service level performance over a medium planning horizon. Finally, a case study will show the value of robust planning in a European chemical enterprise.     

以竞争情报提升供应链的竞争力

竞争情报对供应链企业具有产品警示作用、环境监视作用、咨询决策作用、技术跟踪作用和学习作用,以竞争情报提升供应链竞争力的应对策略为:以竞争情报提升供应链中核心企业竞争力,协调管理核心企业与供应商、分销商的关系,提升供应链类型和产品类型的匹配度,有效评价供应链的整体绩效。     

供应链中企业合作的风险管理

从企业战略的角度阐述了供应链中企业合作关系的形成,并基于合作关系的确定过程,分析了供应链中企业合作的风险形成原因,进而从合作关系确定的前后两个方面对风险进行定性分析。通过对供应链中企业合作关系的形成与合作风险的产生之间关系的分析,提出了预防事前事后风险的措施及处理既定风险损失的思路,为供应链的管理提供相应的指导。     

The role of primary processing in the supply risks of critical metals

This study seeks to understand the role of primary processing, i.e. the first post-mining stage, in supply risk, by means of a case study on three critical metals (neodymium, cobalt, and platinum) in the context of Japan. Applying the ‘footprint’ concept with a multiregional input–output model, we have quantified the direct and indirect vulnerability of the Japanese economy to such risks. Considering the supply risks associated with primary processors, we find that Japanese final consumers are exposed to relatively higher supply risks for neodymium as compared with cobalt and platinum. Our study shows that the primary processing stage of a metal’s supply chain may contribute significantly to the overall supply risks, suggesting that this stage should be taken into due account in understanding and mitigating supply-chain vulnerability through, e.g. supplier diversification and alternative material development.     

集成化供应链及其绩效评价框架研究

通过借鉴企业绩效评价理论,明确界定了集成化供应链绩效评价的需求主体、评价范围、评价原则等基本内涵。进而在内涵明确的基础上,通过对集成化供应链战略目标及其关键绩效的分析,初步建立集成化供应链绩效评价框架。并将这一框架与平衡记分卡和SCOR绩效评价框架进行了比较,验证了其合理性。     

在供应链视角下分析从创新链到创新集群

在新的市场环境下企业与企业之间的竞争已经转变成供应链与供应链之间的竞争,创新已经不是单个企业的事情,最终的产品可能是多个创新的组合,这些创新来源于供应链上的多个企业。从供应链的视角分析企业间的创新协同问题,并提出创新链与创新集群的概念,然后对其进行初步的探讨。     

The effect of an ambidextrous supply chain strategy on combinative competitive capabilities and business performance

This study investigates the influence of an ambidextrous supply chain strategy on manufacturers’ combinative competitive capabilities – the ability to excel simultaneously on competitive capabilities of quality, delivery, flexibility, and cost – and, in turn, on business performance. Drawing upon March's (1991) notions of exploration and exploitation, an ambidextrous supply chain strategy is conceptualized as a simultaneous pursuit of both explorative and exploitative supply chain practices. We operationalize this concept as a second-order latent construct that captures the co-variation between exploration and exploitation within the context of a manufacturer's supply chain management strategy. Using survey-based data gathered from 174 U.S. manufacturers, we find that an ambidextrous supply chain strategy coincides with combinative competitive capabilities and business performance. Our empirical finding contradicts conventional wisdom that argues for tradeoffs between exploration and exploitation. Instead, our empirical results are in line with an emerging complementarity view advocating that supply chain managers build practices to gain operational efficiency while simultaneously searching for opportunities to gain operational advantages. In addition, we provide insights regarding the role of combinative capabilities in mediating the relationship between an ambidextrous supply chain strategy and business performance.     

复杂供应链网络风险识别下的审计质量研究——基于全球断供冲击的视角

通过重点考察复杂供应链网络风险识别下的审计质量，研究发现全球断供冲击下我国下游企业供应链运营的中断风险显著提升了审计质量。作用机制表明，全球断供冲击会影响审计师执业风险，进而提高下游企业的审计质量。异质性分析显示，上述效应在事务所信息化水平高、企业供应商集中度低、审计师具备行业专长及大规模事务所的样本中更加显著。经济后果检验表明，在全球断供冲击下高质量审计供给有助于降低企业股价同步性，提高资本市场定价效率。研究结论不仅丰富了供应链网络风险与审计质量的相关研究，也为识别复杂供应链网络风险传播机理、增强供应链竞争力提供了理论依据与经验参考。